scholarly journals Internally Versus Externally Cued Speech in Parkinson's Disease and Cerebellar Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2S) ◽  
pp. 583-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil Weir-Mayta ◽  
Kristie A. Spencer ◽  
Tanya L. Eadie ◽  
Kathryn Yorkston ◽  
Sara Savaglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Read Aloud ◽  
Cerebellar Disease ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Speech Task ◽  
Reading Condition ◽  
Cued Speech

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an internally versus externally cued speech task on perceived understandability and naturalness in speakers with Parkinson's disease (PD) and cerebellar disease (CD).MethodSentences extracted from a covertly recorded conversation (internally cued) were compared to the same sentences read aloud (externally cued) by speakers with PD and a clinical comparison group of speakers with CD. Experienced listeners rated the speech samples using a visual analog scale for the perceptual dimensions of understandability and naturalness.ResultsResults suggest that experienced listeners rated the speech of participants with PD as significantly more natural and more understandable during the reading condition. Participants with CD were also rated as significantly more understandable during the reading condition, but ratings of naturalness did not differ between conversation and reading.ConclusionsSpeech tasks can have a pronounced impact on perceived speech patterns. For individuals with PD, both understandability and naturalness can improve during reading tasks versus conversational tasks. The speech benefits from reading may be attributed to several mechanisms, including possible improvement from an externally cued speech task. These findings have implications for speech task selection in evaluating individuals with dysarthria.

Predicting Intelligibility Deficits in Parkinson's Disease With Perceptual Speech Ratings

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Fang Chiu ◽  
Amy Neel
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Scale Scores

Purpose This study investigated whether perceptual ratings of speech parameters were predictive of transcription intelligibility in quiet and in noise for speakers with Parkinson's disease (PD). Method Ten speakers with PD and five healthy controls read 56 sentences. One group of 60 listeners orthographically transcribed the sentences in quiet, and another group of 60 listeners transcribed in noise. An additional 23 listeners judged a variety of speech parameters, including articulation, prosody, resonance, voice quality, and ease of understanding on a visual analog scale. Scores of the visual analog scale ratings were regressed against transcription intelligibility in quiet and in noise. Results Perceptual ratings of all the speech parameters were lower for speakers with PD. Global speech understanding, indexed by ease of understanding ratings, was associated with transcription intelligibility in quiet and in noise with a stronger effect in noise. Among the rated speech parameters, ease of understanding and voice quality ratings were significant predictors of speech intelligibility in noise. Conclusions Speech in individuals with PD was more difficult for listeners to understand and was characterized by deficits in articulation, prosody, resonance, and voice quality compared to normal speech produced by healthy older adults. Ease of understanding ratings, even when performed in quiet, predicted intelligibility in noise. Poor voice quality ratings in PD, a sign of phonatory deficit, had a negative impact on intelligibility in noise for speakers with PD.

scholarly journals A Randomized Crossover Pilot Study of Telemedicine Delivered via iPads in Parkinson’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoko Sekimoto ◽  
Genko Oyama ◽  
Taku Hatano ◽  
Fuyuko Sasaki ◽  
Ryota Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Telemedicine System ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

Background. We investigated the feasibility and safety of a video-based telemedicine system, delivered via a tablet, in Parkinson’s disease (PD).Methods. In a randomized, crossover, open-label pilot trial, we compared a telemedicine period (regular visits every two months with intermediate video calls via an iPad mini) with a control period (regular visits every two months), both lasting 6 months. We included 10 patients diagnosed with PD according to the British Brain Bank criteria, aged 20–75 years. The primary outcome was the PD questionnaire summary index (PDQ-39 SI). Secondary outcomes included the Hoehn and Yahr Stage and scores on the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) part I–IV, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and visual analog scale for satisfaction.Results. Both study periods were completed by 10 patients with PD. Friedman’s test revealed that there were no significant differences between the two periods in primary and secondary outcomes (p>0.05). With respect to visual analog scale scores for satisfaction, participants indicated high satisfaction with the telemedicine system. The number of extra hospital visits and phone calls did not differ between the periods. There were no adverse events or side effects.Conclusions. We observed that a telemedicine system delivered via a tablet could successfully be used by patients as a part of their care. Further studies investigating the use of telemedicine to replace in-person visits are warranted. This trial is registered withUMIN000015536.

scholarly journals Impact of Clear, Loud, and Slow Speech on Scaled Intelligibility and Speech Severity in Parkinson's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 779-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris Tjaden ◽  
Joan E. Sussman ◽  
Gregory E. Wilding
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Clear Speech ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Vocal Intensity ◽  
Slow Speech

Purpose The perceptual consequences of rate reduction, increased vocal intensity, and clear speech were studied in speakers with multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), and healthy controls. Method Seventy-eight speakers read sentences in habitual, clear, loud, and slow conditions. Sentences were equated for peak amplitude and mixed with multitalker babble for presentation to listeners. Using a computerized visual analog scale, listeners judged intelligibility or speech severity as operationally defined in Sussman and Tjaden (2012). Results Loud and clear but not slow conditions improved intelligibility relative to the habitual condition. With the exception of the loud condition for the PD group, speech severity did not improve above habitual and was reduced relative to habitual in some instances. Intelligibility and speech severity were strongly related, but relationships for disordered speakers were weaker in clear and slow conditions versus habitual. Conclusions Both clear and loud speech show promise for improving intelligibility and maintaining or improving speech severity in multitalker babble for speakers with mild dysarthria secondary to MS or PD, at least as these perceptual constructs were defined and measured in this study. Although scaled intelligibility and speech severity overlap, the metrics further appear to have some separate value in documenting treatment-related speech changes.

Effects of Onabotulinum Toxin A on Gait in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Foot Dystonia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pei Huang ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Li ◽  
Jung E. Park ◽  
Ping Huang ◽  
Qin Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Toxin A ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Onabotulinum Toxin A

ABSTRACT: We investigated the effects of botulinum toxin on gait in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with foot dystonia. Six patients underwent onabotulinum toxin A injection and were assessed by Burke–Fahn–Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS), visual analog scale (VAS) of pain, Timed Up and Go (TUG), Berg Balance Test (BBT), and 3D gait analysis at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months. BFMDRS (p = 0.002), VAS (p = 0.024), TUG (p = 0.028), and BBT (p = 0.034) were improved. Foot pressures at Toe 1 (p = 0.028) and Midfoot (p = 0.018) were reduced, indicating botulinum toxin’s effects in alleviating the dystonia severity and pain and improving foot pressures during walking in PD.

scholarly journals Tremor control after pallidotomy in patients with Parkinson's disease: correlation with microrecording findings

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. E4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal M. Taha ◽  
Jacques Favre ◽  
Thomas K. Baumann ◽  
Kim J. Burchiel
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Tungsten Electrode ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Parkinsonian Tremor ◽  
Posteroventral Pallidotomy ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

The goals of this study were to analyze the effect of pallidotomy on parkinsonian tremor and to ascertain whether an association exists between microrecording findings and tremor outcome. Forty-four patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who had drug-induced dyskinesia, bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor underwent posteroventral pallidotomy. Using a 1-μ-tip tungsten electrode, microrecordings were obtained through one to three tracts, starting 10 mm above the pallidal base. Tremor severity was measured on a patient-rated, 100-mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS), both preoperatively and 3 to 9 months (mean 6 months) postoperatively. Preoperatively, tremor was rated as 50 mm or greater in 24 patients (55%) and as less than 25 mm in 13 patients (30%). Postoperatively, tremor was rated as 50 mm or greater in five patients (11%) and less than 25 mm in 29 patients (66%). The difference was significant (p = 0.0001). Four patients (9%) had no postoperative tremor. Tremor improved by at least 50% in eight (80%) of 10 patients in whom tremor-synchronous cells were recorded (Group A) and in 12 (35%) of 34 patients in whom tremor-synchronous cells were not recorded (Group B). This difference was significant (p = 0.03). Tremor improved by at least 50 mm in all (100%) of the seven Group A patients with severe (>= 50 mm) preoperative tremor and in nine (53%) of 17 Group B patients with severe preoperative tremor. This difference was also significant (p = 0.05). The authors proffer two conclusions: 1) after pallidotomy, tremor improves by at least 50% in two-thirds of patients with PD who have severe (>= 50 mm on the VAS) preoperative tremor; and 2) better tremor control is obtained when tremor-synchronous cells are included in the lesion.

Detecting Parkinson’s Disease from an Online Speech-task: Observational Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wasifur Rahman ◽  
Sangwu Lee ◽  
Md. Saiful Islam ◽  
Victor Nikhil Antony ◽  
Harshil Ratnu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Speech Task ◽  
The Us

BACKGROUND Access to neurological care—especially for Parkinson's disease (PD)—is a rare privilege for millions of people worldwide, especially in developing countries. In 2013, there were just 1200 neurologists in India for a population of 1.3 billion; the average population per neurologist exceeds 3.3 million in Africa. On the other hand, 60,000 people are diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD) every year in the US alone, and similar patterns of rising PD cases — fueled mostly by environmental pollution and an aging population can be seen worldwide. The current projection of more than 12 million PD patients worldwide by 2040 is only part of the picture since more than 20% of PD patients remain undiagnosed. Timely diagnosis and frequent assessment are keys to ensure timely and appropriate medical intervention, improving the quality of life for a PD patient. OBJECTIVE In this paper, we envision a web-based framework that can help anyone, anywhere around the world record a short speech task, and analyze the recorded data to screen for Parkinson’s disease (PD). METHODS We collected data from 726 unique participants (262 PD, 38% female; 464 non-PD, 65% female; average age: 61) – from all over the US and beyond. A small portion of the data (roughly 7%) was collected in a lab setting to compare quality. The participants were instructed to utter a popular pangram containing all the letters in the English alphabet “the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog”. We extracted both standard acoustic features (Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), jitter and shimmer variants) and deep learning-based features from the speech data. Using these features, we trained several machine learning algorithms. We also applied model interpretation techniques like SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) to find out the importance of each feature in determining the model’s output. RESULTS We achieved 0.75 AUC (Area Under the Curve) performance on determining presence of self-reported Parkinson’s disease by modeling the standard acoustic features through the XGBoost – a gradient-boosted decision tree model. Further analysis reveals that the widely used MFCC features and a subset of previously validated dysphonia features designed for detecting Parkinson’s from verbal phonation task (pronouncing ‘ahh’) influence the model’s decision most. CONCLUSIONS Our model performed equally well on data collected in controlled lab environment as well as ‘in the wild’ across different gender and age groups. Using this tool, we can collect data from almost anyone anywhere with a video/audio enabled device, contributing to equity and access in neurological care.

scholarly journals The Anterior Attentional–Intentional System in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease—A Pilot and Feasibility Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1013
Author(s):  
Paulina Beata Golińska ◽  
Artur Józef Sawicki ◽  
Łucja Bieleninik ◽  
Mariola Bidzan
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Similar Reaction ◽  
Mixed Model Analysis ◽  
Normal Cognition ◽  
Intentional System

(1) Background: This study compared anterior attentional–intentional system performance between three groups: Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with normal cognition (PD-NC), with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), and a comparison group (CG). It also evaluated the feasibility of the recruitment and study procedures; (2) Methods: From 45 participants recruited, 39 were allocated (mean age 65.31; 43.59% men) to PD-NC, PD-MCI and CG (13 per group). To assess attention, we used three tasks from the ROtman–Baycrest Battery for Investigating Attention: Simple Reaction time (RT), Choice RT, and Prepare RT. We conducted a mixed-model analysis of variance with a 3 (groups) × 4 (tasks) design to compare reaction times; (3) Results: PD-MCI had slower reaction times than PD-NC (p = 0.028) and the CG (p = 0.052); there was no difference between PD-NC and CG. PD-MCI might perform worse on monitoring tasks than PD-NC, Z = −1.68, p = 0.092. Nearly half the volunteers from the CG and 87% of all eligible patients were enrolled in the study and completed all neuropsychological procedures; (4) Conclusions: General cognitive decline appears related to partial deficits in energization and tends to impair attentional monitoring. Furthermore, PD-NC exhibited similar reaction times to the CG. Results from the feasibility study contributed to the definitive study.

scholarly journals INTRINSIC FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENCY RELATED TO LEXICAL STRESS IN THE SPEECH OF PEOPLE WITH PARKINSON'S DISEASE

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-148
Author(s):  
Rui Rothe-Neves ◽  
Marcelo Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Causal Explanation ◽  
Systematic Difference ◽  
Read Aloud ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stressed Syllable ◽  
Articulatory Movements ◽  
High Vowels

Intrinsic fundamental frequency (IF0) refers to a systematic difference in f0 between vowels of different heights in a similar phonetic context: high vowels tend to have higher f0 than lower vowels. Various hypotheses as to the cause of IF0 have been raised, differing mainly on the nature they attribute to the phenomenon: whether it is passive (automatic), resulting from articulatory movements that reach these segments without intending IF0 specifically; or active (controlled), deliberately generated due to reasons of perception or compensatory processes. In this article, we hope to contribute to the debate with f0 data obtained from patients suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD). 631 / a, i / vowels were analysed from recordings of an extract of text read aloud. As a result, IF0 was observed not only in participants from the control group, but also from the PD group, and the trends for participants with dysarthria were no different from those in the control group in the stressed syllable. The fact that we did not observe significant differences between the groups favours the hypothesis that IF0 is automatic. As dysarthric subjects have impaired motor control, the fact that they display IF0 with no difference from the individuals in the control group suggests that the mechanism involved in the phenomenon is similar for both. Our data does not permit us to indicate clearly which biomechanical mechanism would be the best causal explanation for these differences between high and low vowels, but they appear to be consistent with the hypotheses that emphasize the importance of tongue height.

scholarly journals Detecting Parkinson’s Disease from an Online Speech-task: Observational Study (Preprint)

10.2196/26305 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wasifur Rahman ◽  
Sangwu Lee ◽  
Md. Saiful Islam ◽  
Victor Nikhil Antony ◽  
Harshil Ratnu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Speech Task
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