scholarly journals The cost of inappropriate admissions: a study of health benefits and resource utilization in a department of internal medicine

1999 ◽  
Vol 246 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. O. Eriksen ◽  
I. S. Kristiansen ◽  
E. Nord ◽  
J. F. Pape ◽  
S. M. Almdahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Inappropriate Admissions ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals Trend Analysis of Cost Components in Select Pharmaceutical Companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2289-2298
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Manufacturing Costs ◽  
Operating Profit ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Components

The purpose in this paper is to identify the cost components which are vital in consideration towards manufacturing especially in pharmaceutical companies. The manufacturing costs are significant in total expenses in pharmaceutical industry. In this study, a thorough investigation on the cost components and the trend in expenses and operating profit of pharma companies are studied, giving due regard to cost components to have understanding and to find out how they may differ among various types of pharma companies. The data published in the annual reports from 2009 to 2018 of top five pharmaceutical companies based on their annual revenues has been selected for further diagnosis. The analysis reveals that manufacturing costs are different for all the five companies. The study also reveals that there is a considerable indication that the companies are conscious on the much-needed health benefits to the society in the future at an affordable cost

scholarly journals King Fahad National Guard Hospital Internal Medicine Consultation Service: Contributing Co-Morbidities and Reasons for Consultation

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Faisal A. Al-Asmari ◽  
Farhan Z. Al-Enezi ◽  
Nourah M. Alaskar ◽  
Salih A. Bin Salih ◽  
Imad S. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Medicine Research ◽  
Medical Consultations ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Training

Background: Inpatient medical consultations have become an essential service in the specialty of Internal Medicine. Research in this new subspecialty will help improve the quality as well as the cost-effectiveness of this vital service. Method: Data for all patients who were referred to the service were entered in a pre-designed form. Results: One hundred and seventy-six adult patients with an average age of 53.3 years were seen by the service over a 4 months period. Consultations to the service were primarily from the departments of Surgery (110, 62.50%), Obstetrics and Gynecology (57, 32.39%). Co-morbidities were common specially diabetes mellitus (59.1%) and hypertension (41.5%). Most of the consultations were for emergency patients (99, 56.3%) rather than for electively (77, 43.7%) admitted cases. For operative patients, there was an equal share between pre- and post-operative cases (58.8% and 58.0% respectively). Prior referral to outpatient pre-operative clinics was unsatisfactory with the service requesting postponements of surgery for 22.1 percent of pre-operative cases. The major reasons for referral to the service were diabetes mellitus (49.4%), hypertension (30.7%) and respiratory problems (22.7%). Thirty-three percent of cases had more than one reason for referral. Active intervention by the service was frequent. The average length of care under the service was 5.2 days with a range of 1 to 90 days. Conclusions: The service needs to be structured with regards to staff education and training; emphasizing on diabetes mellitus, hypertension and respiratory problems care. A joint interdepartmental effort along the above lines and better use of the pre-operative outpatient clinics are recommended.

Do health benefits explain the price premiums for organic foods?

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Kuchler ◽  
Katherine Ralston ◽  
J. Robert Tomerlin
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcome ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Adverse Health Outcome ◽  
Price Premiums ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Typical Consumer ◽  
Value Of Health

AbstractThis paper examines whether the dollar value of health benefits that consumers derive from organic food could account for the price premiums they pay. Price and sales data from realized transactions are inadequate to reveal consumer preferences for health benefits. Our exploratory alternative method estimates the value of health benefits to a hypothetical consumer who assesses risks as risk assessors do and values a unit reduction in all fatal risks equally, regardless of the source of any risk. Under these assumptions, our estimates of the value of health benefits derived from substituting an organic diet for a conventionally produced diet approach zero. For a common organic product, apple juice, we estimated the cost of reducing risks by buying the organic characteristic. The cost of averting each adverse health outcome is 27 to 461 times as large as the value of benefits. If the characteristics of our hypothetical consumer match those of the typical consumer, two inferences follow from our estimates of benefits and costs. First, the typical consumer is unlikely to purchase organic food for health reasons. Second, consumers who choose organic food could differ from typical consumers in several dimensions: perceptions of the level of risk from dietary intake of pesticides, perceptions of the nature of adverse health outcomes from pesticides, or in the importance attached to other attributes of organic food. Our analysis is exploratory partially because there are several behavioral assumptions implicit in the values we calculate. Also, we focus on risks that can be quantitatively estimated, measuring the probability of an adverse health outcome with readily accessible data. Currently, only cancer risks can be measured in terms of probabilities from readily accessible data.

scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness of Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery

2020 ◽  
pp. 219256822096409
Author(s):  
Anthony M. Alvarado ◽  
Bryan A. Schatmeyer ◽  
Paul M. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Spinal Deformity ◽  
Adult Spinal Deformity ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Spinal Deformity Surgery ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
The Cost

Study Design: Review article. Objective: A review of the literature evaluating the cost-effectiveness of undergoing adult spinal deformity surgery and potential avenues for reducing costs. Methods: A review of the current literature and synthesis of data to provide an update on the cost effectiveness of undergoing adult spinal deformity surgery. Results: Compared with nonoperative management, operative management for adult spinal deformity is associated with improved patient-reported outcomes and quality of life; however, it is associated with significant financial and resource use. Conclusion: Operative management for adult spinal deformity has been shown to be effective but is associated with significant cost and resource utilization. The optimal operative treatment is highly dependent on the patients’ symptomatology and is surgeon dependent. Maximizing preoperative surgical health and minimizing postoperative complications are key measures in reducing the cost and resource utilization of adult spinal deformity surgery. Future studies are needed to evaluate how to optimize the cost-effectiveness.

scholarly journals Increasing Health Insurance Coverage through an Extended Federal Employees Health Benefits Program

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth C. Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Tax Credits ◽  
Federal Employees ◽  
Public Programs ◽  
The Cost

The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (FEHBP) could be combined with health insurance tax credits to extend coverage to the uninsured. An extended FEHBP, or “E-FEHBP,” would be open to all individuals who were not covered through work or public programs and who also were eligible for the tax credits on the basis of income. E-FEHBP also would be open to employees of very small firms, regardless of their eligibility for tax credits. Most plans available to FEHBP participants would be required to offer enrollment to E-FEHBP participants, although premiums would be rated separately. High-risk individuals would be diverted to a separate high-risk pool, the cost of which would be subsidized by the federal government. E-FEHBP would be administered by the states, or if a state declined, by an entity that contracted with the Office of Personnel Management. While E-FEHBP would provide group insurance to people who otherwise could not get it, premiums could exceed the tax-credit amount and some people still might find the coverage unaffordable.

Patient access to innovation: Biopharmaceuticals, 4th hurdles and socioeconomic issues

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Rappagliosi
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Patient Needs ◽  
Patient Access ◽  
Public Budget ◽  
Socioeconomic Issues ◽  
The Cost

Biopharmaceuticals and innovative therapeutic solutions offer treatments that are increasingly tailored to patient needs. Although biotechnology has produced health benefits, biopharmaceutical products require resources that governments had not planned or budgeted for in the appropriate time frame. As a result, economics has entered the healthcare arena without taking a number of important societal concerns into account. More specifically, several governments have introduced procedures to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of newly approved medicines. Unfortunately, patient access is not an equation of public budget figures, but an equation of government priorities. Therefore, this paper describes the limits of traditional pharmacoeconomic evaluations particularly when applied to innovative biopharmaceuticals and offers solutions to the questions they pose.

Projecting the cost, utilization, and patient care impact of prescribing extended release non-abuse-deterrent opioids to chronic pain patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihran Ara Yenikomshian, MBA ◽  
Alan G. White, PhD ◽  
Louis P. Garrison, PhD ◽  
Gary M. Oderda, PharmD, MPH ◽  
Joseph E. Biskupiak, PhD, MBA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Healthcare Resource ◽  
Healthcare Resource Utilization ◽  
Abuse Liability ◽  
Commercial Population ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cost Utilization ◽  
The Cost

Objectives: To estimate healthcare resource utilization, associated costs, and number needed to harm (NNH) from a physician's decision to prescribe extended-release (ER) non-abuse-deterrent opioids (non-ADO) as compared to ER ADOs in a chronic pain population.Design: A 12-month probabilistic simulation model was developed to estimate the reduction of misuse and/or abuse from a physician's prescribing decisions for 10,000 patients. Model inputs included probabilities for opioid misuse and/ or abuse-related events, opioid discontinuation, and switching from ADO to non- ADO. Estimated reductions in abuse associated with ADOs were obtained from positive subjective measures using human abuse liability studies. The model was run separately for commercial, Medicare, Medicaid, and Veterans Administration (VA) populations. The difference in healthcare resource utilization and associated costs (2015 USD) between the ADO and non-ADO simulations was calculated. NNH for non-ADO was also calculated.Results: Misuse and/or abuse-related events for patients prescribed ER non-ADOs ranged from 223−1,410 and associated costs ranged from $20−$98 per patient for commercial and Medicare populations, respectively. Prescribing ER ADOs were associated with 87, 289, 264, and 417 fewer misuse and/or abuse−related events, saving $8, $35, $21, and $29 per patient in commercial, VA, Medicaid, and Medicare populations, respectively. NNH ranged from 185 in the commercial population to 40 in the Medicare population. Results were sensitive to decreases in the probability of misuse and/or abuse events but showed reductions.Conclusions: A physician's decision to prescribe ER ADOs could lead to large reductions in misuse and/or abuse-related events and associated costs across many patient populations.

The Cost of Managing Pleural Effusion Associated with Dasatinib in CML Patients Post Imatinib Failure.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 4586-4586
Author(s):  
Jennifer Stephens ◽  
Kim Carpiuc ◽  
Marc Botteman ◽  
WeiWei Feng ◽  
Richard C. Woodman
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Medical Resource ◽  
Office Visits ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Pleural Catheter ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background: Recent follow-up data from dasatinib at a large cancer center suggests that pleural effusion events occur in up to 35% of patients, emerging as late as 24 months into therapy, and require additional medical resource use beyond the typical routine care. This study aims to apply economic costs to the medical resource utilization involved with treating pleural effusions associated with dasatinib. Methods: The costs of managing pleural effusions were estimated by applying standard cost data to medical resource utilization reported for 48 patients with dasatinib-related pleural effusions at one large cancer center (Quintas-Cardama et al, ASH 2006). Relevant CPT codes and median fees for outpatient procedures and office visits were retrieved from the 2006 Ingenix National Fee Analyzer. Cost of inpatient management of pleural effusions with chest tubes or other procedures were obtained from the medical literature (Putnam et al, 2000). Clinical expert input was used to supplement the literature related to assumptions of frequency of office visits and chest X-rays. Based on the above, the following key assumptions were made: 100% of patients incurred two additional physician visits, two chest x-rays, and a course of diuretics; 30% received steroids; 24% had recurrent effusions; 19% required 3 thoracentesis outpatient procedures; 5% were managed as inpatients with chest tube; and 4% required Denver shunts as inpatients. All costs were inflated to 2006 US prices. Results: Fifty-eight percent of pleural effusions reported at the cancer center involved ≤25% of one lung volume and were managed medically including diuretics and steroids. Costs for this medically managed group were $619 per episode, including physician office visits, chest X-rays and medications. Forty-two percent of pleural effusions were more significant, involving 26% to >75% of one lung volume, with half of those patients requiring invasive procedures. The cost of invasive procedures for inpatient management of pleural effusions was $10,130 for a chest tube and $14,475 with a pleural catheter. The cost of invasive outpatient management of pleural effusions ranged from $680 for ultrasound thoracentesis to $4,387 for pleural catheter. The average projected cost of treating a pleural effusion adverse event (including all severity levels) ranged from $1,694 to $3,882, depending on whether outpatient thoracentesis occurred or placement of outpatient pleural catheter was utilized. Important cost drivers included management of recurrent effusions. Conclusion: This economic analysis based on actually observed treatment patterns suggests that the management of pleural effusions with dasatinib is costly and requires intensive resource utilization. Development of pleural effusions with dasatinib poses a significant challenge to physicians, as they cannot be predicted, the time of onset is variable, and management may require repeat invasive procedures and possible complications. This economic analysis is likely conservative in that it did not include the cost of platelet transfusions that may be needed to perform thoracentesis, or the potential complications of hypokalemia and QTcF prolongation with the use of diuretics. Effective tyrosine kinase inhibitors with lower rates of pleural effusions may represent a clinically and economically valuable alternative for imatinib-resistant or -intolerant CML patients.

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