Peritoneal fluid gonadotropins and ovarian hormones in patients with ovarian cancer

The aim of the analysis was for the first time to assess the expression of genes encoding IL-21 and IL-22 at the mRNA level in ovarian tumor specimens and the concentration of these parameters in serum and peritoneal fluid in patients with ovarian serous cancer. The levels of IL-21 and IL-22 transcripts were evaluated with the use of the real-time RT-qPCR. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the concentration of proteins. Quantitative analysis of IL-21 gene mRNA in the tumor tissue showed the highest activity in the G1 degree of histopathological differentiation and was higher in G1 compared to the control group. The concentration of IL-21 and IL-22 in the serum and in the peritoneal fluid of women with ovarian cancer varied depending on the degree of histopathological differentiation of the cancer and showed statistical variability compared to controls. The conducted studies have shown that the local and systemic changes in the immune system involving IL-21 and IL-22 indicate the participation of these parameters in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer, and modulation in the IL-21/IL-22 system may prove useful in the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies used in patients, which require further research.

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CA125 in peritoneal fluid of ovarian cancer patients

Gynecologic Oncology ◽

10.1016/0090-8258(92)90032-e ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 161-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Ignace B. Vergote ◽

Mathias Onsrud ◽

Ole P. Børmer ◽

Bilal M. Sert ◽

Mette Moen

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Peritoneal Fluid

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A Mother in Jeopardy: The Ethics of Pregnancy and Chemotherapy

American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® ◽

10.1177/1049909119846861 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 72-78

Author(s):

Steven J. Baumrucker ◽

Wendy H. Vogel ◽

Robert M. Stolick ◽

Russell W. Adkins ◽

Heather Holland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽

Ovarian Cyst ◽

Peritoneal Fluid ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Advanced Stage ◽

Ovarian Mass ◽

Prenatal Visit ◽

The Past ◽

Fluid Cytology

JM is a 32-year-old primagravida with polycystic ovary disease. She had extreme difficulty conceiving and was started on clomiphene 6 months ago by her fertility specialist. After doubling the dose on the sixth cycle, she successfully became pregnant. On her second prenatal visit at 12 weeks gestation, an ovarian cyst was detected. Ultrasound showed a complex ovarian mass with nodules on the bowel and abdominal wall. There was mild-to-moderate peritoneal fluid. Cytology showed adenocarcinoma of ovarian origin. Further workup demonstrated advanced stage III epithelial ovarian cancer. JM was referred to GYN-oncology who felt pregnancy-sparing debulking was not an option. The oncologist recommended termination of pregnancy due to the risks of delaying chemotherapy. JM refused, citing her fertility difficulties in the past and her desire to carry the pregnancy to term “even if it kills me.” She tells the oncologist she cannot bear the thought of terminating her pregnancy under any circumstances. The oncologist wants to comply with her wishes but feels the patient is making a choice that would result in harm to herself. The oncology team requests an ethics consult.

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Abstract 445: Ultra-deep sequencing detects ovarian cancer cells in peritoneal fluid and reveals somatic TP53 mutations in noncancerous tissues

10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-445 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey D. Krimmel ◽

Michael W. Schmitt ◽

Scott R. Kennedy ◽

Maribel I. Harrell ◽

Kathy J. Agnew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Deep Sequencing ◽

Peritoneal Fluid ◽

Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽

Tp53 Mutations

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Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in ovarian cancer patients: a long-term follow-up

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200602001-00029 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 16 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 183-189 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

C. Rudlowski ◽

A.-K. Pickart ◽

C. Fuhljahn ◽

T. Friepoertner ◽

B. Schlehe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Peritoneal Fluid ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Ovarian Carcinomas ◽

Borderline Tumors ◽

Tumor Expression ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

The purpose of the study was to determine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations in ascites from ovarian cancer and to correlate these data with VEGF expression in ovarian tumors, serum VEGF concentrations, and clinicopathologic characteristics. Ascites, serum, and tumor tissue from 65 ovarian carcinomas and eight borderline tumors were collected. VEGF concentration in peritoneal fluids and sera was determined using enzyme immunoassay. VEGF tumor expression was evaluated immunohistochemically. Significantly higher VEGF concentrations were found in ascites from malignant tumors (median, 2575 pg mL−1) compared with borderline tumors (median 181.9 pg mL−1) and benign peritoneal fluid (184.5 pg mL−1). Both VEGF ascites concentration and tumor expression correlated with advanced tumor stages and ascites volume. Elevated VEGF ascites levels were negatively correlated to patient survival. No differences between VEGF serum levels could be observed between ovarian cancer patients and patients with benign cysts. This study showed for the first time the clinical significance of elevated VEGF ascites level in ovarian carcinomas. VEGF is expressed by ovarian tumor cells and locally released in the malignant peritoneal fluid but is not increased in the serum of preoperative ovarian cancer patients. The enhanced VEGF level support novel therapeutic perspectives by VEGF inhibition.

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Tumor cell-specificBRCA1andRASSF1Ahypermethylation in serum, plasma and peritoneal fluid from ovarian cancer patients

The Women s Oncology Review ◽

10.3109/14733400500093346 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 19-21

Author(s):

Antonia Anna Anzalone ◽

Lucia Lettini ◽

Ester Fonsatti ◽

Michele Maio

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Tumor Cell ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Peritoneal Fluid

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Clinical evaluation of intraperitoneal Pseudomonas exotoxin immunoconjugate OVB3-PE in patients with ovarian cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.1991.9.12.2095 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 2095-2103 ◽

Cited By ~ 95

Author(s):

By Lee H. Pai ◽

Michael A. Bookman ◽

Robert F. Ozols ◽

Robert C. Young ◽

John W. Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Peritoneal Fluid ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Toxic Encephalopathy ◽

Human Brain Tissue ◽

Pseudomonas Exotoxin ◽

Days Of Therapy ◽

Transient Elevation ◽

Fluid Levels

OVB3-PE is an immunotoxin composed of a murine monoclonal antibody reactive with human ovarian cancer and conjugated to Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE). Twenty-three patients with refractory ovarian cancer were treated intraperitoneally (IP) with escalating doses of OVB3-PE to study toxicity, pharmacokinetics, antiimmunotoxin antibody formation, and antitumor response. Dose-limiting CNS toxicity occurred after repeated doses at 5 and 10 micrograms/kg. Other non-dose-limiting toxicities included transient elevation of liver enzymes, fever, and gastrointestinal toxicity. Pharmacokinetics of IP and serum OVB3-PE were determined in 16 patients. Peak peritoneal fluid levels exceeded the in vitro median effective dose at all doses tested. At doses of 1 to 2 micrograms/kg, the immunotoxin concentration in the peritoneal fluid remained constant for up to 8 hours and dropped to negligible levels after 12 hours. At the 5 and 10 micrograms/kg doses, levels remained high for up to 24 hours (greater than 100 ng/mL) and then gradually decreased and became undetectable (less than 4 ng/mL) after 72 hours. Serum levels of OVB3-PE were also analyzed in 16 patients. At doses of 1 micrograms/kg and 2 micrograms/kg, serum levels were not detectable (less than 5 ng/mL). However, after doses of 5 or 10 micrograms/kg, peak serum level occurred at 24 hours after each dose and dropped to negligible levels by 72 hours. Sera from 12 patients were analyzed for anti-PE antibodies and antibodies to mouse immunoglobulin (HAMA). All patients developed antibodies against PE within 14 days of therapy. Domain II of PE appeared to be the most immunogenic portion of the PE molecule. HAMA was detected on day 14 of therapy in nine patients, on day 21 in two, and on day 28 in one patient. No clinical antitumor responses were observed. We conclude that IP OVB3-PE at dose levels of 5 micrograms/kg (x 3) and 10 micrograms/kg (x 2) is accompanied by dose-limiting toxic encephalopathy. Neurologic toxicity is likely to be due to crossreactivity of OVB3 to normal human brain tissue, which was not appreciated during preclinical screening.

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Assessment of the clinicopathological relevance of mesothelin level in plasma, peritoneal fluid, and tumor tissue of epithelial ovarian cancer patients

Tumor Biology ◽

10.1177/1010428318804937 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (10) ◽

pp. 101042831880493 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Karolina Okła ◽

Justyna Surówka ◽

Karolina Frąszczak ◽

Arkadiusz Czerwonka ◽

Katarzyna Kaławaj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Peritoneal Fluid ◽

Tumor Tissue ◽

Benign Tumor ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Type I ◽

Primary Therapy ◽

Tissue Levels

Ovarian cancer remains the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. This is due to lack of effective screening, diagnosis predominance in late stage of disease, a high recurrence rate after primary therapy, and poor treatment response in platinum-resistant tumor. Thus, unique biomarkers, predictive of individual disease course, and prognosis are urgently needed. The aim of our study was to assess the clinicopathological significance of plasma, peritoneal fluid, and tumor tissue levels of mesothelin in epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Plasma and peritoneal fluid levels of mesothelin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Tissue expression of MSLN was evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Preoperative plasma mesothelin levels were significantly higher in epithelial ovarian cancer patients in comparison to the patients with benign tumor and controls. There have been noticed significant differences in the plasma mesothelin levels based on International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, grade, and histology type. No significant changes were observed between Kurman and Shih type I versus type II epithelial ovarian cancer. Interestingly, peritoneal fluid mesothelin levels revealed significant differences based on both grade and Kurman and Shih–type epithelial ovarian cancer. There were no relevant changes in the mesothelin level in peritoneal fluid between different stages and histology types compared to benign tumor. MSLN expression level in tumor tissue was significantly higher based on stage, grade, and Kurman and Shih–type epithelial ovarian cancer than in the benign masses. In addition, data showed significant higher MSLN expression in endometrioid tumors compared to benign masses and serous tumors. Plasma, peritoneal fluid, and tumor tissue levels of mesothelin positively correlated with level of CA125. Low mesothelin concentrations in plasma were also associated with prolonged patient survival. More importantly, we revealed that plasma mesothelin level was correlated with both peritoneal fluid mesothelin level and tumor MSLN expression. This study highlights that plasma mesothelin level may be a useful noninvasive biomarker surrogate for local tumor mesothelin status in monitoring of epithelial ovarian cancer patients.

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