System safety process and design process in road tunnel control systems

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mahdmina ◽  
M. Kolat ◽  
M. Frazer ◽  
R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Road Tunnel ◽  
System Safety

Buildings with environmental quality management, part 2: Integration of hydronic heating/cooling with thermal mass

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 397-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Romanska-Zapala ◽  
M Bomberg ◽  
M Fedorczak-Cisak ◽  
M Furtak ◽  
D Yarbrough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Transient Temperature ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Integrated Design Process

The quest for a sustainable built environment brought dramatic changes to architectural design because of the integrated design process. The integrated design process is the modern way to realize “performance architecture,” that is, design with a view to field performance. Integrated design process permits merging of concepts from passive-house designs, solar engineering, and an integration of the building enclosure with mechanical services. In part 1 of this series, the emergence of many new multi-functional materials was discussed. Yet, current innovation is guided by lessons from history. Thermal mass in heavy masonry buildings allowed periodic heating. The authors postulate integration of a hydronic heating system with the walls and the use of smart temperature control of the heating system to modify and optimize the thermal mass contribution. To use the mass of a building, one must accept transient temperature conditions where the indoor temperature varies but is confined by comfort requirements for both summer and winter conditions. On the other side, resiliency requirements dictate that in the absence of electricity the air temperature does not fall below about 12°C over a period of several hours. This requirement implies that summer cooling will likely be separated from the heating systems and that operation of a low-energy building is heavily dependent on the design of smart control systems. Analysis of control systems provided in this article for earth-to-air heat exchangers and cooling of houses with lightweight walls lead us to the requirements of separation between heating and ventilation and needs for different sources of fresh air. Finally, a new concept emerges.

Optimal fractional-order PID control design for time-delayed multi-input multi-output seismic-excited structural system

2021 ◽  
pp. 107754632110531
Author(s):  
Abbas-Ali Zamani ◽  
Sadegh Etedali
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Pid Control ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Fractional Order Pid

The application of the fractional-order PID (FOPID) controller is recently becoming a topic of research interest for vibration control of structures. Some researchers have successfully implemented the FOPID controller in a single-input single-output (SISO) control structural system subjected to earthquake excitations. However, there is a lack of research that focuses on its application in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) control systems to implement it in seismic-excited structures. In this case, the cross-coupling of the process channels in the MIMO control structural system may result in a complex design process of controllers so that each loop is independently designed. From an operational point of view, the time delay and saturation limit of the actuators are other challenges that significantly affect the performance and robustness of the controller so that ignoring them in the design process may lead to unrealistic results. According to the challenges, the present study proposed an optimal fractional-order PID control design approach for structural control systems subjected to earthquake excitation. Gases Brownian motion optimization (GBMO) algorithm is utilized for optimal tuning of the controller parameters. Considering six real earthquakes and seven performance indices, the performance of the proposed controller, implemented on a ten-story building equipped with an active tendon system (ATS), is compared with those provided by the classical PID controller. Simulation results indicate that the proposed FOPID controller is more efficient than the PID in both terms of seismic performance and robustness against time-delay effects. The proposed FOPID controller can maintain suitable seismic performance in small time delays, while a significant performance loss is observed for the PID controller.

Using Advanced Driving Simulator as Design Tool in Road Tunnel Design

1998 ◽  
Vol 1615 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Lidström
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Virtual Model ◽  
Road Tunnel ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Road Signs ◽  
Tunnel Model ◽  
Tunnel Design

To obtain more information for tunnel design problems, a virtual model of some proposed tunnel designs was developed to demonstrate the design in advance and to be used as a platform for future tunnel research projects. By combining this model with an advanced driving simulator, the designers can virtually drive through their drawings before construction work is started. In comparison with traditional animation techniques, an interactive virtual model combined with a driving simulator has proved to be useful in many aspects. It is an excellent tool for testing proposed positions of road signs in the tunnel. It is easier to compare alternative sign positions with the three-dimensional virtual tunnel model than with ordinary drawings. Some visual traps not foreseen in the original sign-position design were corrected after detection in the simulator. Traffic engineers reported that they became involved in the tunnel design process at an earlier stage than before, enabling them to work in the final tunnel environment long before the actual tunnel was built. The ability to work early in the design process makes it possible for traffic engineers, architects, and safety engineers to evaluate their designs while other solutions still can be considered.

scholarly journals Exploitation aspects of diagnostic hydraulic and pneumatic systems of Multimedia Hybrid Mobile Stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 332 ◽  
pp. 01022
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kałaczyński ◽  
Valeriy Martynyuk ◽  
Juliy Boiko ◽  
Sergiy Matyukh ◽  
Svitlana Petrashchuk
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Control System ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Hydraulic Control ◽  
Pneumatic Control ◽  
Algorithmic Process ◽  
Testing Design

Knowledge of the technical state and construction of the hydraulic and pneumatic control system of Multimedia Hybrid Mobile Stage HMSM allows you to identify hazards and make a risk assessment. The aspects of the algorithmic process of diagnosing pneumatic and hydraulic control systems presented in the work form the basis for the development and implementation of safe solutions in the process of operation. This article describes the methodology for diagnosing HMSM machine hydraulics and industrial pneumatics systems, detailing the factors determining the correctness of maintaining functional fitness. The considerations developed illustrate the complexity of the diagnostic testing design process for condition assessment.

Compensatory Motion During a Bilateral Lifting Task for Transradial Prosthetic Design

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie L. Carey ◽  
M. Jason Highsmith ◽  
Rajiv Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Added Mass ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Prosthetic Design ◽  
Compensatory Movement ◽  
Compensatory Motion ◽  
Lifting Task

Current improvements in the design of a transradial prosthesis include advanced technology in control systems and electronics that improve its functions. However these improvements often require excess mass distally along the prosthesis. A transradial prosthesis without a dynamic wrist component may cause awkward compensatory motion in the shoulder and elbow. It may be important to consider bilateral tasks such as lifting a 2.27 kg (5 lb.) box during the design process of a transradial prosthesis. The main purpose of this study was to determine if restricting motion of the wrist and forearm and thus simulating a basic transradial prosthesis, would cause significant compensatory movement(s) at the shoulder and elbow of either the affected or non-affected limbs during a bilateral lifting task. The second purpose of the study was to determine if the location of added mass of 96 g (mass of an electrical wrist rotator) would affect shoulder and elbow angles of both sides during the lifting task.

Autopilots for Tactical Missiles: An Overview

1995 ◽  
Vol 209 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
M P Horton
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Overall Design

In recent years, a number of technology and operational features have emerged which have had an impact on the design of control systems for tactical missiles. These have required the closer tuning of autopilots to both the guidance loop and the aerodynamic limits and, at the same time, new design and assessment methods have also been developed for control systems. It is the purpose of this paper to bring these developments together and show how the various aspects contribute to the overall design process which enables a missile autopilot to reach maturity.

scholarly journals Case Study of the Experience Capturer Evaluation Tool in the Design Process of an Industrial HMI

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6228
Author(s):  
Erik Aranburu ◽  
Ganix Lasa ◽  
Jon Kepa Gerrikagoitia ◽  
Maitane Mazmela
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Evaluation Tools ◽  
System Safety ◽  
Human Machine Interfaces ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Three Phases

In the absence of user experience evaluation tools for industrial human–machine interfaces (HMI), a specific tool called eXperience Capturer (XC) has been created. It is a multi-method user-centred tool that evaluates the pragmatic and experiential aspects of employees’ interaction with industrial HMIs during the three phases of experience. In this article, a case study is shown where the XC tool is used in an industrial HMI design process. The results show that evaluation using the XC tool facilitates the creation of a new design that improves the experience of employees during interaction, increasing their autonomy, competence, closeness to the system, safety and stimulation.

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