scholarly journals Effects of short-term exposure to high ambient temperature and relative humidity on thermoregulatory responses of European (Large White) and Caribbean (Creole) restrictively-fed growing pigs

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Renaudeau
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Large White ◽  
Thermoregulatory Responses ◽  
Short Term Exposure

scholarly journals Association of Short-Term Exposure to Meteorological Factors and Risk of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8017
Author(s):  
Zhihui Liu ◽  
Yongna Meng ◽  
Hao Xiang ◽  
Yuanan Lu ◽  
Suyang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Lag Model

(1) Background: Inconsistencies were observed in studies on the relationship between short-term exposure to meteorological factors and the risk of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). This systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed to assess the overall effects of meteorological factors on the incidence of HFMD to help clarify these inconsistencies and serve as a piece of evidence for policy makers to determine relevant risk factors. (2) Methods: Articles published as of 24 October 2020, were searched in the four databases, namely, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and MEDLINE. We applied a meta-analysis to assess the impact of ambient temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, wind speed, and sunshine duration on the incidence of HFMD. We conducted subgroup analyses by exposure metrics, exposure time resolution, regional climate, national income level, gender, and age as a way to seek the source of heterogeneity. (3) Results: Screening by the given inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 28 studies were included in the analysis. We observed that the incidence of HFMD based on the single-day lag model is significantly associated with ambient temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, and wind speed. In the cumulative lag model, ambient temperature and relative humidity significantly increased the incidence of HFMD as well. Subgroup analysis showed that extremely high temperature and relative humidity significantly increased the risk of HFMD. Temperate regions, high-income countries, and children under five years old are major risk factors for HFMD. (4) Conclusions: Our results suggest that various meteorological factors can increase the incidence of HFMD. Therefore, the general public, especially susceptible populations, should pay close attention to weather changes and take protective measures in advance.

Effect of high ambient temperature on protein and lipid deposition and energy utilization in growing pigs

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Le Bellego ◽  
J. van Milgen ◽  
J. Noblet
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Lipid Deposition ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Feeding Level

AbstractThe effects of high ambient temperature (T) on protein (PD) and lipid deposition (LD) and energy utilization were studied on 36 Piétrain ✕ (Landrace ✕ Large White) barrows according to a factorial design including two temperatures (23ºC for thermoneutrality and 30ºC for the high temperature) and four feeding levels. One feeding level corresponded to the voluntary food intake (VFI) at each temperature. Expressed as proportion of VFI at 23ºC, the actual feeding levels were 1·00, 0·90, 0·80, 0·70 at 23ºC and 0·80, 0·73, 0·68 and 0·62 at 30ºC. Animals were offered a wheat, maize and soya-bean meal based diet containing 187 g crude protein per kg and 0·95 g ileal standardized digestible lysine per MJ of net energy. Pigs were housed individually and had free access to water. The experiment started at 24 kg live weight and animals were slaughtered at 65 kg live weight and their body composition was measured. Slaughter of nine control pigs at the beginning of the experiment allowed calculation of the composition of gain (nutrients and energy) according to the comparative slaughter technique. Reduction of metabolizable energy (ME) intake resulted in a reduced live-weight gain at each T: the maximum gain was 1052 g/ day in pigs offered food ad libitum at 23ºC and the minimum (760 g/day) at the lowest intake at 30ºC. Visceral organ mass was lower at 30ºC than at 23ºC but was not affected by feeding level within T. Growth responses were described as polynomial or broken-line functions of ME intake (linear-plateau for PD). Both the slope and the plateau were influenced by T. At 30ºC, PDmax (143 g/day) was reached at 22·8 MJ ME per day, while at 23ºC PDmax (165 g/day) was reached at 28·4 MJ ME per day. In both cases, PDmax was reached at 0·88 of VFI at this temperature. Also the marginal response of PD to ME intake before the breakpoint was affected by T (5·9 and 4·5 g PD per MJ ME at 23ºC and 30ºC, respectively). At identical high ME intake (e.g. 0·80 of VFI at 23ºC), PD was greater at 23ºC than at 30ºC. In contrast, severe food restriction reduced PD at thermoneutrality more than an identical food restriction obtained at high ambient T. The results indicate that heat stress has a direct negative effect on PD and affects the partitioning of energy gain between protein and fat deposition.

Response of turkeys to relative humidity at high ambient temperature

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. YAHAV ◽  
I. PLAVNIK ◽  
M. RUSAL ◽  
S. HURWITZ
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
High Ambient Temperature

Natural dehydration regimes as a prerequisite for the successful induction of anhydrobiosis in the nematode Rotylenchulus reniformis

1989 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 359-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Womersley ◽  
C. Ching
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Rotylenchulus Reniformis ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Natural Rate ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Successful Induction

Induction of anhydrobiosis in the nematode Rotylenchulus reniformis (Linford & Oliveira) was studied using direct exposure to elevated relative humidities and conditions resembling natural dehydration regimes. All larvae and preadults were unable to survive direct short-term exposure to 97% relative humidity. However, dehydration of larvae on model substrates (0.5% agar: 1.0% agarose) that mimic the natural rate of soil moisture loss induced coiling and successful entry into anhydrobiosis. Coiling was maximized at 10–12 days and only coiled larvae survived dehydration, emerging as the preadult form. Larvae could withstand severe dehydration at 80 and 40% relative humidity after the induction of coiling, but were unable to withstand direct exposure to 0% relative humidity. The levels of adaptation utilized by anhydrobiotes to ensure slow dehydration and the adaptive significance of this are discussed in relation to the different environments in which these organisms are found. The results suggest that R. reniformis is well-adapted to its environment and emphasize the importance of natural dehydration regimes for assessing anhydrobiotic potential.

Lack of response of laying hens to relative humidity at high ambient temperature

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 660-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yahav ◽  
D. Shinder ◽  
V. Razpakovski ◽  
M. Rusal ◽  
A. Bar
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
High Ambient Temperature
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