scholarly journals Agrometeorological characteristics of spring oat varieties created in the conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01018
Author(s):  
M.N. Fomina
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Emergence Period ◽  
Optimal Amount ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Optimal Average

An agrometeorollological assessment of five oat varieties (Megion, Talisman, Otrada, Foma, Tobolyak) of the breeding of the Northern Trans-Urals Research Institute of Agriculture - branch of the TyumSC SB RAS is given. The effect of the average daily air temperature and precipitation on the growth and development of plants has been established. The sensitivity of varieties to temperature is estimated. It was found that the optimal average daily air temperature during the sprout – ear emergence period was 16.4 … 16.8°C, during the ear emergence – waxy ripeness period - 17.5…19.4°C. The sums of effective temperatures over 10°C necessary for optimal growth and development of oat varieties are calculated. Varieties Megion, Talisman, Foma and Tobolyak in the period of sprout – ear emergence required a greater amount of effective temperatures (705.2…747.0°C) than in the period of ear emergence - wax ripeness (611.2…640.2°C). In the Otrada variety, the need for heat was slightly higher in the second interphase period (717.5°C) compared to the first (705.6°C). The optimal amount of precipitation required for the formation of a high yield (189.4…243.6 mm) is calculated. To realize the genetic potential of the Talisman and Otrada varieties, most of the precipitation is necessary during the sprout – ear emergence period, and the Megion, Foma and Tobolyak varieties - during the period of ear emergence - waxy ripeness.

scholarly journals Aryl removal methods and passion fruit seed positions: Germination and emergence

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Macedo Silva ◽  
Roberta Camargos de Oliveira ◽  
Risely Ferraz de Almeida ◽  
Adílio de Sá Júnior ◽  
Carlos Machado dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Tropical Fruits ◽  
Removal Method ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Seed Position ◽  
Mechanical Extraction ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

Abstract: Yellow passion fruit has conquered a significant position in the agribusiness of tropical fruits; therefore, farmers have been interested in expanding their groves, and technical information that guarantees the high yield of the farmings is needed. Aiming to observe factors related to the propagative material targeted at quality and maximization of the genetic potential, the objective of the study consisted in assessing germination and emergence of passion fruit seeds collected in three positions in the fruits and submitted to different methods of mucilage removal (aryl). The passion fruits were split in three parts: distal, medial and proximal and the contents of each part was divided in two. The content of each part of the fruit was submitted to mechanical and by fermentation methods for removal of aryl. It is concluded that the seed position in the fruit does not interferes with the germination. The aryl removal method by mechanical extraction affects the germination and seedling emergence.

scholarly journals High correlation between winter precipitation and air temperature in heavy-snowfall areas in Japan

2008 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukari Takeuchi ◽  
Yasoichi Endo ◽  
Shigeki Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Heavy Snowfall ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Effective Factor ◽  
Precipitation Decrease ◽  
Precipitation Ratio ◽  
Term Data

AbstractLong-term data of winter air temperature and precipitation were analyzed and the correlation between them investigated in order to identify the factors influencing snow reduction during the recent warmer winters in the heavy-snowfall areas in Japan. A high negative correlation between winter precipitation and air temperature was identified in the heavy-snowfall areas on the Sea of Japan side in the center of the main island (Honshu). It was confirmed that precipitation is mainly caused by cold winter monsoons, and thus correlates to a large extent with air temperature in these areas. The precipitation decrease can be considered an effective factor for the recent reduction in snow as well as the snowfall to precipitation ratio. This should be taken into account for a better prediction of snow reduction in relation to global warming.

scholarly journals Sensitivities of glacier mass balance and runoff to climate perturbations in Norway

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (70) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Engelhardt ◽  
Thomas V. Schuler ◽  
Liss M. Andreassen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Precipitation Change ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Northern Norway ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Southern Norway

AbstractThis study evaluates sensitivities of glacier mass balance and runoff to both annual and monthly perturbations in air temperature and precipitation at four highly glacierized catchments: Engabreen in northern Norway and Ålfotbreen, Nigardsbreen and Storbreen, which are aligned along a west–east profile in southern Norway. The glacier mass-balance sensitivities to changes in annual air temperature range from 1.74 m w.e. K−1 for Ålfotbreen to 0.55 m w.e. K−1 for Storbreen, the most maritime and the most continental glaciers in this study, respectively. The runoff sensitivities of all catchments are 20–25% per degree temperature change and 6–18% for a 30% precipitation change. A seasonality of the sensitivities becomes apparent. With increasing continentality, the sensitivity of mass balance and runoff to temperature perturbations during summer increases, and the sensitivity of annual runoff to both temperature and precipitation perturbations is constricted towards changes during the ablation period. Comparing sensitivities in northern and southern Norway, as well as the variability across southern Norway, reveals that continentality influences sensitivities more than latitude does.

scholarly journals Seasonal Surface Air Temperature and Precipitation in the FSU Climate Model Coupled to the CLM2

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 3217-3228 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Shin ◽  
S. Cocke ◽  
T. E. LaRow ◽  
James J. O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Sensible Heat Flux ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Community Land Model ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Convective Scheme

Abstract The current Florida State University (FSU) climate model is upgraded by coupling the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Land Model Version 2 (CLM2) as its land component in order to make a better simulation of surface air temperature and precipitation on the seasonal time scale, which is important for crop model application. Climatological and seasonal simulations with the FSU climate model coupled to the CLM2 (hereafter FSUCLM) are compared to those of the control (the FSU model with the original simple land surface treatment). The current version of the FSU model is known to have a cold bias in the temperature field and a wet bias in precipitation. The implementation of FSUCLM has reduced or eliminated this bias due to reduced latent heat flux and increased sensible heat flux. The role of the land model in seasonal simulations is shown to be more important during summertime than wintertime. An additional experiment that assimilates atmospheric forcings produces improved land-model initial conditions, which in turn reduces the biases further. The impact of various deep convective parameterizations is examined as well to further assess model performance. The land scheme plays a more important role than the convective scheme in simulations of surface air temperature. However, each convective scheme shows its own advantage over different geophysical locations in precipitation simulations.

Ecological responses of Stipa steppe in Inner Mongolia to experimentally increased temperature and precipitation. 4. Carbon exchange

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luomeng Chao ◽  
Zhiqiang Wan ◽  
Yulong Yan ◽  
Rui Gu ◽  
Yali Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Net Ecosystem Exchange ◽  
Carbon Exchange ◽  
Ecosystem Productivity ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Gross Ecosystem Productivity

Aspects of carbon exchange were investigated in typical steppe east of Xilinhot city in Inner Mongolia. Four treatments with four replicates were imposed in a randomised block design: Control (C), warming (T), increased precipitation (P) and combined warming and increased precipitation (TP). Increased precipitation significantly increased both ecosystem respiration (ER) and soil respiration (SR) rates. Warming significantly reduced the ER rate but not the SR rate. The combination of increased precipitation and warming produced an intermediate response. The sensitivity of ER and SR to soil temperature and air temperature was assessed by calculating Q10 values: the increase in respiration for a 10°C increase in temperature. Q10 was lowest under T and TP, and highest under P. Both ER and SR all had significantly positive correlation with soil moisture. Increased precipitation increased net ecosystem exchange and gross ecosystem productivity, whereas warming reduced them. The combination of warming and increased precipitation had an intermediate effect. Both net ecosystem exchange and gross ecosystem productivity were positively related to soil moisture and negatively related to soil and air temperature. These findings suggest that predicted climate change in this region, involving both increased precipitation and warmer temperatures, will increase the net ecosystem exchange in the Stipa steppe meaning that the ecosystem will fix more carbon.

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