scholarly journals Flowers of Campanula species as a source of biologically active substances

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00033
Author(s):  
Tatiana Fomina ◽  
Tatiana Kukushkina
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
First Time ◽  
Active Substances

The content of the major groups of biologically active substances in flowers of 7 Campanula species, cultivated in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia, were investigated for the first time. Freshly collected flowers were found to contain 0.06-0.15 % of catechins, 0.31-3.17 % of flavonols, 3.31-6.47 % of tannins, 3.10-15.57 % of pectic substances, and 0.66-16.4 mg% of carotenoids calculated per absolute dre weight of raw material. The amount of ascorbic acid was 36.9-114.0 mg% per wet weight. The data indicate that Campanula flowers are promising for the production of phenolic compounds, the development of food additives and fresh consumptions a seasoning.

ECDYSTEROIDS AND FLAVONOIDS OF SILENE GRAEFFERI

2021 ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Elena Sergeyevna Filonenko ◽  
Larisa Nikolayevna Zibareva
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Part ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
First Time ◽  
Active Substances

In this paper Silene graefferi Guss. is recommended for the first time as a promising source of flavonoids and is a well-known producer of ecdysteroids. This perennial species is adapted to the conditions of Western Siberia and has been successfully cultivated in the Siberian Botanical garden of TSU since 2015. It was interesting to study the composition and features of accumulation of biologically active substances during the growth and development of S. graefferi. It was shown that 20-hydroxyecdysone and polypodine B are present in the aerial and underground parts of introduced in culture S. graefferi plants during the entire vegetative development. An unidentified ecdysteroid was detected in the aerial part at the beginning of the vegetation and in the roots during the flowering phase. During vegetative development, common flavonoids and characteristic ones at different periods of plant development were found. The phase of maximum accumulation of ecdysteroids and flavonoids of S. graefferi is the beginning of vegetation, and the minimum is flowering. In the age dynamics the highest levels of biologically active substances in plants were noted at 2 and 3 years of life, then there is a general tendency to decrease with the age of the plant. From the aerial part of S. graefferi, 20-hydroxyecdysone, polypodine B and vitexin were isolated and identified by HPLC.

scholarly journals EDIBLE ONION FLOWERS (ALLIUM L.) AS A SOURCE OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

2021 ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Ivanovna Fomina ◽  
Tat'yana Abdulkhailovna Kukushkina
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

The results of comparative study of the content of biologically active substances in the flowers of 10 species of perennial onions Allium aflatunense B. Fedtsch., A. altaicum Pall., A. flavum L., A. microdictyon Prokh., A. nutans L., A. obliquum L., A. ramosum L., A. rosenbachianum Regel, A. schoenoprasum L., A. senescens L. var. glaucum Regel (A. senescens ssp. glaucum (Schrad.) N. Friesen) are presented. The freshly collected raw materials in the phase of mass flowering were analyzed. The dry matter content was determined by drying 1 g of raw material at 100–105 °C to a constant mass. The amount of phenolic compounds, pectin substances, total sugars, and carotenoids was determined spectrophotometrically using SF-56 (Russia) and SF "Agilent" 8453 (USA). For the first time, data on the quantitative content of the main groups of secondary metabolites in onion flowers were obtained. It has been established that in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia, flowers of Allium species contain: 10.7-22.5% dry substances, 6.6-26.2% total sugars, 3.3–18.6% pectin substances, 3.6–10.6% phenolic compounds, 3.0–23.4  mg% carotenoids (per mass of absolutely dry materials) and 35.4–157.8 mg% ascorbic acid (per mass of raw materials). The highest values were found for A. rosenbachianum, A. flavum, and A. aflatunense. The high variability of the accumulation of biologically active substances is due to the species and the influence of weather conditions during the growing season. The study showed the prospects for using onion flowers as a source of various bioactive compounds, including when added to food.

Optimization of Technological Modes of Extraction of Tea Raw Material Used in Emulsion Beverages Technology

Food Industry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Regina Shchekaleva ◽  
Elena Cherevach ◽  
Marina Palagina ◽  
Elena Tarashkevich
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Active Substances

The article observes the technological modes optimization of tea raw materials extraction (black tea and hibiscus tea beverage) used in the technology of emulsion drinks as natural food additives (dyes, flavorings, surfactants) and sources of valuable biologically active substances. The researchers studied the mass fraction dependence of soluble solids and vitamin C in tea extracts on the determining factors (hydromodule, duration and temperature) that affect the extraction kinetics of the biologically active substances using mathematical modeling. Based on the experiment results processing, a man obtained second-degree polynomial equations that adequately described the mathematical dependence of the mass fraction of soluble dry extract substances on the hydromodule and the extraction time. The researchers experimentally determined the optimal extraction parameters: time – 15 and 20 minutes; temperature – 70 and 60 °C for black tea and hibiscus drink, respectively; hydromodule – 1:5. The mass fraction of the functional ingredient (vitamin C) under the specified modes was from 84.6 to 189.2 mg/%. The researchers run the commodity quality evaluation of tea extracts obtained according to the developed parameters. On organoleptic and safety indicators tea extracts met the requirements of the current normative documentation.

scholarly journals CONTENT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN THE ABOVEGROUND PART OF SOME ONION SPE-CIES (ALLIUM L.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Ivanovna Fomina ◽  
Tat'yana Abdulkhailovna Kukushkina
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Aboveground Part ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

The results of comparative study of the content of biologically active substances in the aboveground part of 11 species of perennial onions Allium aflatunense B. Fedtsch., A. altaicum Pall., A. flavum L., A. microdictyon Prokh., A. nutans L., A obliquum L., A. ramosum L., A. rosenbachianum Regel, A. schoenoprasum L., A. senescens L. var. glaucum Regel (A. senescens ssp. glaucum (Schrad.) N. Friesen), A. strictum Schrad. are presented. The freshly collected raw materials in the phase of consumer ripeness were analyzed and all indicators, except for the amount of ascorbic acid, were calculated on the mass of absolutely dry raw materials. It was established in onions a high content of dry substances (up to 25.1%), flavonols (up to 3.4%), tannins (up to 14.6%), pectin substances (up to 25.8%), sugars (up to 34.8%), ascorbic acid (up to 222.5 mg% ), carotenoids (up to 131.9 mg%); the content of catechins was insignificant, at the level of 0.04–0.15%, only in A. rosenbachianum – up to 0.56%. The contents of catechins, tannins, pectin substances in onions were determined for the first time. A high interspecific and individual variability of accumulation of biologically active substances was revealed. A. rosenbachianum, A. aflatunense, A. flavum, A. microdictyon have the greatest contents and relatively low indicators are in A. senescens var. glaucum. The species are promising for cultivation in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia as early vitamin-bearing plants and as a source of various biologically active compounds.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF THE HERB OF URTICA DIOICA

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
V. Ya. Yatziuk ◽  
G. A. Chaly ◽  
O. V. Soshnikova
Keyword(s):  
Total Content ◽  
Urtica Dioica ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Phenol Composition ◽  
First Time ◽  
Active Substances

We have established the qualitative composition and the quantitative content of biologically active substances of the herb of Urtica dioica. Aminoacid composition, monosaccharide set of PSK and PV, the presence of 4 macro- and 18 microelements and their quantitative content have been studied for the first time. Investigating the phenol composition of the herb of Urtica dioica by HPLC has revealed in the raw material alongside with the previously described gallic, coffeic acids, rutine and quercetine the presence of hyperoside, luteolin-7-glycoside, 3,4-isoramnetin diglycoside, chlorogenic acid, aesculetin. We were the first to determine the total content of water-soluble polysaccharides, pectin substances, astringent substances, pigments (carotenoids and chlorophylls),vitamin K1, triterpene compounds and saponins of the triterpene type.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis of Elaeagnus argentea Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
N. A. Salnikova ◽  
Yu. V. Shur ◽  
A. A. Tsibizova
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Active Substances

Introduction. Currently, close attention in the field of pharmacy and medicine is directed to the search for new sources of biologically active substances of various origins, including vegetable. The woody plant Elaeagnus argentea is considered as a promising source. Despite its widespread use in the food industry, folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, restorative, antimicrobial agent, the chemical composition of this plant has not been sufficiently studied.Aim. Qualitative and quantitative determination of the main groups of biologically active substances (BAS) in the raw material (leaves) of Elaeagnus argentea growing on the territory of the Astrakhan region for further development of a methodology for standardizing the raw material of this plant.Materials and methods. The leaves of Elaeagnus argentea were harvested in the spring in the eastern part of the delta of the Astrakhan region (Volga region). Drying of raw materials was carried out in natural conditions. In the study, unified methods were used: to determine the amount of flavonoids and saponins, the spectrophotometric method was used, ascorbic acid - the titrimetric method. For the analysis of flavonoids in the leaves of Elaeagnus argentea, an aqueous-alcoholic solution of 70 % concentration was used as an extractant. The quantitative content of flavonoids was determined in the obtained raw material extract in terms of luteolin-7-glucoside. The amount of saponins in the leaves of Elaeagnus argentea was determined in terms of oleanolic acid. 96 % ethanol was used as an extractant. The quantitative determination of ascorbic acid in the aqueous extract of crushed raw materials was carried out by titrimetry based on the ability to reduce 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol.Results and discussion. In the pharmacognostic study of biologically active substances in the leaves of Elaeagnus argentea, the content of ascorbic acid was found to be at least 0.32 %, the amount of flavonoids in terms of luteolin-7-glucoside was at least 1.92 %; saponins - 2.38 %; which indicates the need for a more detailed study of the phytochemical composition of other morphological groups of the plant Elaeagnus argentea growing in the Astrakhan region.Conclusion. The data obtained during the study can be used to confirm the quality of raw materials (leaves) of Elaeagnus argentea. A more detailed study of leaves for the presence of other groups of biologically active substances will make it possible to use the obtained data for the development of regulatory documents for medicinal plant raw materials «Elaeagnus argentea leaves».

scholarly journals Biologically active substances of Camellia sinensis in a humid subtropical climate of Russia

10.5219/1440 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 360-368
Author(s):  
Oksana Belous ◽  
Natalia Platonova
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Active Substances

We did a comparative analysis of tea and raw tea materials. There is an increase in the content of carotenoids and flavonoids (thearubigins and theaflavins) in June, a decline in July, and August, and consequently a slight increase again in other months. The increase is due to unfavorable conditions – drought during these periods. In raw new variety forms No. 855 and No. 582, as well as in black tea variety form No. 582 (0.09 mg.g-1), we determined the high value of theaflavins (0.10; 0.11 and 0.09 mg.g-1, respectively). The highest content of thearubigins was found in variety forms No. 582 and No. 3823 (1.33 mg.g-1 and 1.17 mg.g-1). Ascorbic acid is significantly disintegrated (on average 96 – 97%) in the production of black tea. In green tea, ascorbic acid disintegrates to a lesser extent, leaving about 13% of its initial amount in the raw material. The dynamics of GPOD activity in a 3-leaf sprout are variety-specific. At the beginning of the growing season (May), the activity of the enzyme was low – in the range of 0.363 to 0.607 g-unit in sec. In June, there is a decrease in activity, which, however, is not significant (p <0.05) and is due to the biological characteristics of the tea culture. In green tea, the ruthine is on average 3 times more than in black tea (on average about 38.09 and 12.12 mg.100g-1, respectively). We have identified 11 amino acids; the highest percentage accounted for proline (from 30 to 70%), valine (17 – 30%), and serine (about 10%). We have identified 11 amino acids in Krasnodar tea, a large proportion of these amino acids has proline, valine, and serine. There was a variation in the content of biologically active substances depending on genotype characteristics. Studies have identified some controversial issues that require explanation and further study.

scholarly journals Influence of drying methods on preservation of biologically active substances of garden strawberries being raw material for food enrichment

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012094
Author(s):  
I M Novikova ◽  
O M Blinnikova ◽  
L G Eliseeva ◽  
D A Blinnikova
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Active Substances

Abstract At present, the preservation of the consumer properties of berry products is an urgent problem. Use of fresh garden strawberries is limited by a short storage period and seasonality. Under optimal storage conditions in a normal atmosphere, the average shelf life of strawberries is from 2 to 9 days depending on the variety. To meet the needs of the population in garden strawberries and meet the physiological needs in a unique complex of biologically active substances, strawberries are subjected to different processing methods. Drying being a type of fruit and berry products processing has the following advantages: a significant increase in the shelf life of products, a decrease in the mass and storage volumes of dried berries, preservation of minerals, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, antioxidants, bioflavonoids and many biologically active compounds in berries. Modern drying technologies allow preserving the content of essential vitamins to its full extent. Comparison of two technologies for drying garden strawberries has established that vitamins and other biologically active substances are well preserved in berries. Berries dried by convective vacuum-impulse method (CVI) are recommended to be used for food enrichment.

scholarly journals ENERGY RESOURCE-SAVING PLANT FOR EXTRACTION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Abdullina ◽  
K. Valeev ◽  
R. Safin
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Birch Bark ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Active Substances

As know, all wood material is recycled only half, and the rest of it remains unused. In practice, wood waste is most often plowed or burned, at a time when such wood is a valuable natural raw material that can compensate for the needs of a number of sectors of the economy. In this regard, the problem of recycling waste from the woodworking industry is very relevant today. Wood waste contains a large amount of substances capable of exhibiting biological activity. In particular, such biologically active substances include betulin, which is found in birch bark, which, due to its many advantages, has found wide application in medical, perfumery, cosmetic, food and other industries. For the rational use of wood and wood materials, it is necessary to develop new technologies and equipment for processing wood into products that are in demand for mankind. The paper provides an overview of the processing of birch bark. The relevance and prospects of birch species as a raw material for the chemical industry have been established. An installation for obtaining biologically active substances from wood waste is presented.

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