scholarly journals Evaluating LCOE in sustainable microgrids for smart city applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 03006
Author(s):  
Stefano Bracco ◽  
Federico Delfino ◽  
Paola Laiolo ◽  
Luisa Pagnini ◽  
Giorgio Piazza
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Levelized Cost ◽  
Negative Side Effects

A microgrid can be considered a profitable solution to be adopted in smart cities if it is marketable, i.e. more, or at least equally convenient than other traditional energy supply sources. Different economic parameters can be defined to determine its affordability. In particular, the LCOE (Levelized Cost of Electricity) is the most popular indicator adopted in the energy sector, widely used both for conventional and renewable power sources. However, the use of this metric still disregards important aspects that concerns microgrid applications. After providing a state-of-the-art of the use of LCOE, the present paper proposes a new methodology for sustainable microgrids in smart city, taking into account benefits due to cogeneration and trigeneration, integration costs as well as positive and negative side effects.

Why Municipal Cooperation Matters

2016 ◽  
pp. 140-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Teles ◽  
Pekka Kettunen
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Negative Side ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Negative Side Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Perceived Costs

It is a common phenomenon that municipalities cooperate with each other. Cooperation eventually brings about the gains of efficiency or makes it possible to deliver services. We can however assume that cooperation may also fail, cause unwarranted negative side-effects and diminish the democratic capacity of the participating municipalities. The aim of this paper is to present the literature and available scholarship on the topic, and discuss the research agenda on inter-municipal cooperation, especially through the analysis of its scope, motivations, and perceived costs and benefits. The approach to the problem will be based in multidisciplinary contributions of existing research, which involves theoretical arguments related to the advantages of cooperation, the impact on democracy and accountability, as well as the discussion of public vs private provision of services. The conclusions should enable a serious reflection about Inter-Municipal Cooperation state of the art.

scholarly journals Canadian smart cities: health remedies, side effects and hard to swallow pills

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Ramsaroop
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
National Data ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Individual Privacy ◽  
Measurement Framework

This research paper investigates the ways in which health was talked about and addressed in Infrastructure Canada’s Smart City Challenge. Using the Smart City Challenge applications as the basis of the research, and two as in depth case studies. The main critiques of Smart City Technologies, as well as the concept of Co Creation, and a Performance Measurement Framework were used to identify if the applications could improve, how and if citizens were engaged meaningfully, and where in the healthcare system will the proposed technologies make measurable improvements. Findings from the study indicate there needs to be: greater protections for individual privacy, greater resident engagement/involvement, having health and wellbeing as core nets of a smart city challenge, and greater protections for indigenous data sovereignty. If these recommendations are taken into account, they will lead to more robust applications in the next iteration Smart City Challenge, and will provide invaluable steps towards greater national data guidelines.

scholarly journals Reviewing the State-of-the-Art of Smart Cities in Portugal: Evidence Based on Content Analysis of a Portuguese Magazine

Publications ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Diogo Correia ◽  
Leonor Teixeira ◽  
João Lourenço Marques
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject

The lack of examples of smart-city initiatives and the sharing of best practices in Portugal confirm the gap in the transference of empirical knowledge to the scientific literature in this area. The smart-city concept has passed through three stages. However, its evolution has not been noted equally throughout countries and their territories. The literature only provides information about specific projects implemented in a few cities. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to study the state-of-the-art of smart cities in Portugal by analyzing 25 editions of the most relevant national-wide smart-cities magazine. First, the objective of analyzing the magazine was to study each Portuguese city in terms of the subject areas and types of existing initiatives in order, ultimately, to frame cities within their respective smart-city phases, as per the literature. Second, the aim of the paper was also to provide information about the evolution of the concept through analyses of embedded experts’ quotes. The results of the first are complemented with the analysis of interviews with policymakers to provide information about the existing challenges to implementing a smart city and to understand the role of government therein. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed on the case study. The findings suggest that the three smart-city phases are perceived in slightly different ways in Portugal and heterogeneity within the country can be noted from the lack of strategies and a standard framework.

State of the Art of Smart Technologies

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Keyword(s):  
Service Provider ◽  
Smart City ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
The State ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Industrial Setting ◽  
Smart Service ◽  
Smart Technologies

Smart cities rely on smart technologies in all their possible forms; hence, this chapter is focusing on the state of the art of smart technologies. It describes these smart devices in all their ways and forms. In addition, techniques of software applications that are embedded in these smart devices are described along with their capabilities to adapt automatically and modify behavior to fit a user's environment. A smart city paradigm is also presented that focuses on sensors, smart devices, smart service provider subsystems, and smart sector infrastructure. A broader model of smart cities is discussed, and the chapter provides concrete goals, infrastructure, domains, and constituents. The chapter concludes by examining operation features such as the industrial setting, ubiquity, throughput, channels, and interoperability.

scholarly journals Introduction Of Energy Saving Principles: Technologies And Awareness, Latvian Experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 52-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mutule ◽  
J. Teremranova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Energy

Abstract The article presents an overview of the current situation of awareness of the Latvian citizens in the field of state-of-the-art energy-saving technologies. The authors present a wide range of data obtained as a result of a survey on the attitude of residents to new technologies and readiness to follow the development trends of a smart city. The article contains the analysis and recommendations for improving the efficiency of introducing new energy-saving and energy-efficient technologies into each household in order to create the most favourable conditions for the implementation of long-term plans for the development of smart cities in Latvia.

scholarly journals Canadian smart cities: health remedies, side effects and hard to swallow pills

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Ramsaroop
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
National Data ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Individual Privacy ◽  
Measurement Framework

This research paper investigates the ways in which health was talked about and addressed in Infrastructure Canada’s Smart City Challenge. Using the Smart City Challenge applications as the basis of the research, and two as in depth case studies. The main critiques of Smart City Technologies, as well as the concept of Co Creation, and a Performance Measurement Framework were used to identify if the applications could improve, how and if citizens were engaged meaningfully, and where in the healthcare system will the proposed technologies make measurable improvements. Findings from the study indicate there needs to be: greater protections for individual privacy, greater resident engagement/involvement, having health and wellbeing as core nets of a smart city challenge, and greater protections for indigenous data sovereignty. If these recommendations are taken into account, they will lead to more robust applications in the next iteration Smart City Challenge, and will provide invaluable steps towards greater national data guidelines.

scholarly journals Smart city concept in the light of the literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Winkowska ◽  
Danuta Szpilko ◽  
Sonja Pejić
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Urban Management

Abstract Nowadays, the transformations of metropolises into smart cities is a crucial factor in improving the living conditions of the inhabitants. The goal of the smart city concept is modern urban management using technical tools that offer state-of-the-art technologies, considering the applicable ecological standards while saving resources and achieving the expected results. The purpose of this article is to identify the areas of research analysed in the international literature in the field of smart cities. The bibliometric analysis was carried out to achieve the purpose. The analysis covered publications on smart cities published in Scopus and Web of Science databases from January 2009 to May 2019. Based on the bibliometric analysis, a bibliometric map was developed using the mapping technique VOS — the visualisation of similarities. Original clusters were created using the VOSviewer software. The bibliometric map visualises the results of the analysis that targeted the word coexistence.

scholarly journals IOT Based Smart City Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 1013-1016
Author(s):  
Prof. Chaitali Bhalerao
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
City Management ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Android App ◽  
System Controller

In the present field technologies like automation, power consumption, and cost-effectiveness should be mainly considered. To reduce manpower with the help of intelligent systems automation was intended. The utilization of inexhaustible wellsprings of energy is significant in light of the fact that wellsprings of energy are restricted though energy utilization has increments. By utilizing the renewable power, it can encourage the high power demand. The main aim of this project is to describe a method of modifying the street light and smart irrigation system controller. The massive deployment of the internet of things is allowing Smart city projects and initiatives all over the world. The IoT is a modular approach to merge various sensors with all ICT solutions. With over 50 billion objects will be connected and deployed in smart cities operation is the IoT communications. IoT is designed to support the Smart city concept, which aims at utilizing the most advanced communication technologies to promote services administration of the city and the citizens. Blynk android app is used to display the sensor readings.

scholarly journals On Transparency and Accountability of Smart Assistants in Smart Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 5344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haroon Elahi ◽  
Guojun Wang ◽  
Tao Peng ◽  
Jianer Chen
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Separation Of Concerns ◽  
Privacy Requirements ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Programming Interface ◽  
Transparency And Accountability

Smart Assistants have rapidly emerged in smartphones, vehicles, and many smart home devices. Establishing comfortable personal spaces in smart cities requires that these smart assistants are transparent in design and implementation—a fundamental trait required for their validation and accountability. In this article, we take the case of Google Assistant (GA), a state-of-the-art smart assistant, and perform its diagnostic analysis from the transparency and accountability perspectives. We compare our discoveries from the analysis of GA with those of four leading smart assistants. We use two online user studies (N = 100 and N = 210) conducted with students from four universities in three countries (China, Italy, and Pakistan) to learn whether risk communication in GA is transparent to its potential users and how it affects them. Our research discovered that GA has unusual permission requirements and sensitive Application Programming Interface (API) usage, and its privacy requirements are not transparent to smartphone users. The findings suggest that this lack of transparency makes the risk assessment and accountability of GA difficult posing risks to establishing private and secure personal spaces in a smart city. Following the separation of concerns principle, we suggest that autonomous bodies should develop standards for the design and development of smart city products and services.

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