scholarly journals Geochemistry of strontium in fresh underground waters of the Sredneobskoy basin (Tomsk region, Russia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 01024
Author(s):  
Irina Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Strontium Content ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
Resident Time ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

In the central part of Western Siberia a study of the chemical composition of fresh underground waters in the upper 600 m of the Sredneobskoy artesian basin was carried out. It was shown that underground waters generally contain high concentrations of strontium. The minimum concentrations of Sr are typical for Neogene-Quaternary sediments (600 µg/L), maximum values in the waters of the Upper Cretaceous sediments (more than 1300 µg/L). The study of strontium accumulation mechanisms in drinking underground waters is undoubtedly an important issue, as strontium is a biologically active element. Especially dangerous is the consumption of underground waters with a calcium-strontium ratio less than 100, that is the hydrogeochemical precondition for Urov endemic (Kashin-Beck disease). According to the calcium/strontium ratios data waters of the Neogene-Quaternary and Paleogene sediments selected in the south-western part of the Tomsk region are unsuitable for drinking water supply. Underground waters are shown to be in equilibrium with Al and Fe hydroxides; Ca, Mg, Fe carbonates; and clay minerals, including ferruginous. Increased strontium content in aquifers is determined not only by the chemical composition of the water-bearing rocks, but also increasing resident time of water rock interaction.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SHALLOW GROUNDWATER IN SOUTHERN BUG AND SYNIUKHA INTERFLUVE AREA

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1(38)) ◽  
pp. 149-168
Author(s):  
D. V. Melkonyan ◽  
E. A. Cherkez ◽  
V. G. Tyuremina
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Priority Task ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

Problem Statement and purpose. The study area encompassing the territory of about 150 km2, in August 2000, was declared as a zone of environmental emergency due to increasing pollution rates in shallow groundwater, in surface water and to health deterioration of the inhabitants of some settlements. Groundwater is widely used by the local population in numerous boreholes for domestic and agricultural purposes. In the zone of environmental emergency there are about 35 anthropogenic objects, such as: industrial and domestic landfills, pesticide and fertilizer storage, various livestock farm complexes, settling tanks, wastewater and solid waste discharges, etc. The insecurity of shallow groundwater, also its location close to the surface and in the lowest parts of the terrain leads to intensive pollution of groundwater. Besides, groundwater in relation to the fractured waters of the Precambrian crystalline rocks, which lie below and are used for drinking water supply, perform the functions of both a protective screen and a source of pollution. In this case, a multifaceted study of shallow groundwater chemical composition and their formation conditions is a priority task of this study for the environmental emergency zone and for the district as a whole. The purpose of this paper to study the chemical composition and to establish the processes and factors controlling the shallow groundwater chemistry in modern and Pleistocene sediments of the Southern Bug and Syniukha interfluve. Data and Methods. A total of 102 water samples were collected from groundwater wells and boreholes and were hydrochemically analyzed for their macrocomponent composition. Groundwater quality geochemical assessment was carried out using statistical methods in combination with conventional graphical methods by examining groundwater in the Boleslavchik village, where they are most polluted. Results. The dominant hydrochemical types of shallow groundwater are SO4- Na, HCO3-Na and mixed SO4-Mg-Na, SO4-Ca-Na types, sometimes NO3-HCO3 and NO3-Cl-Na types. These groundwater types are formed under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, such as water-rock interaction, evaporation-crystallization, precipitation and anthropogenic impact. In this case, water-rock interaction processes, such as silicate weathering, carbonate and sulfate dissolution, ion exchange, evaporation-crystallization and anthropogenic impact play major roles. The weathering of feldspars, chlorites and dissolution of calcites, dolomites are the primary sources for Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ ions, and dissolution of gypsum, sulfide mineralization for SO4 2– ions. High concentrations of Na+, Cl–, SO4 2–, NO3 – in shallow groundwater reflect agricultural activity as the main source of these ions.

scholarly journals Long-term changes in the chemical composition of the water of the Inhulets and Saksahan rivers within the Kryvorizkyi Iron Ore Basin (1980–2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-479
Author(s):  
V. K. Khilchevskyi ◽  
N. P. Sherstiuk
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
River Water ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Hydrochemical Regime ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
Storage Pond ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Environmental Measures

The article presents the generalized results of chemical composition research of waters from Inhulets and Saksahan rivers on the territory adjacent to the Northern and Inhulets with pumping of underground waters (mine and quarry), which have an abnormal chemical composition, high mineralization and contain high concentrations of microcomponents. The following scheme of mine water utilization is used in the Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin: the mines of the northern part of Kryvbas discharge water into the tailings dam of Northern Iron Ore Dressing works (Northern GZK); mines of the southern part discharge mine waters into the storage pond of the Svistunov creek during the year, and in the winter its waters are discharged into the Inhulets River with subsequent washing of the river in the spring-summer period. Such treatment of mine and quarry waters has led to the formation of a hydrochemical anomaly on the territory of Northern GZK with the center in the tailings. The mineralization of water in the pond reaches 23 g / l (2020). There is a high content of microcomponents: lead, cadmium, vanadium, manganese, boron, bromine, nickel, mercury, thiocyanates. As a result, the mineralization of the Saksahan River water increases over time (up to 5.4 g / l), the content of microcomponents also increases and becomes quite high. Prolonged use of the Inhulets River for utilization of mine water from the Svistunov creek storage pond has led to a change in the type of water: instead of type II (river water), Inhulets water belongs to the type III (metamorphosed waters). There are no regularities in the change of chemical composition of water (hydrochemical regime) in Inhulets, which is a consequence of the introduction of the scheme "discharge – flushing" for the disposal of mine water. Among the microcomponents in the water of Inhulets there is an increased content of vanadium, boron and bromine (7–8 times), single excess of lead content. The analysis of equilibria in the carbonate-calcium system of the Inhulets and Saksahan rivers confirmed that the existing hydrochemical regime for the studied rivers is stationary, thus, the environmental measures implemented will not have rapid consequences.

scholarly journals The Annenskiy thermal waters as the certain stage of the water-rock interaction (Far East, Russia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 01054
Author(s):  
Elena Zippa ◽  
Ivan Bragin ◽  
George Chelnokov ◽  
Natalia Kharitonova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Far East ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Geochemical Environment ◽  
Rock System ◽  
Ground Waters ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
East Russia ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

Chemical composition and saturation degree of the Annenskiy thermal waters to minerals of water-bearing rock have been considered in the manuscript. It is shown that the thermal waters are low mineralized, alkaline and belong to HCO3-Na type. The thermal waters-rock system is equilibrium-nonequilibrium. It means that the waters dissolve primary minerals continuously, never reaching saturation (anorthite, K-field spar and etc.), and form new secondary mineral phases simultaneously, reaching saturation (gibbsite, montmorillonite, albite and etc.). Besides, peculiarities of the equilibrium with minerals of water-bearing rocks for surface and ground waters of the studied region was considered. It is established that the thermal waters are ahead of surface and ground waters and represent the certain stage of the water-rock system evolution. The stage is characterized by the certain chemical composition (TDS=148-317 mg/L, HCO3-Na, SiO2=9-80 mg/L), complex of secondary minerals (calcite, albite, laumontite and etc.) and special geochemical environment (pH 8.2-8.6).

scholarly journals Hydrogeothermal modelling vs. inorganic chemical composition of thermal waters from the area of Carballiño (NW Spain)

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Delgado-Outeiriño ◽  
P. Araujo-Nespereira ◽  
J. A. Cid-Fernández ◽  
J. C. Mejuto ◽  
E. Martínez-Carballo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Thermal Water ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Inorganic Chemical ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

Abstract. Hydrothermic features in Galicia (northwest Spain) have been used since ancient times for therapeutic purposes. A characterization of these thermal waters was carried out in order to understand their behaviour based on inorganic pattern and water-rock interaction mechanisms. In this way 15 thermal water samples were collected in the same hydrographical system. The selected thermal water samples were classified using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis in two groups according to their chemical composition: group I with the young water samples and group II with the samples with longest water-rock contact time. This classification agreed with the results obtained by the use of geothermometers and hydrogeochemical modelling, where the samples were classified into two categories according their residence time in the reservoir and their water-rock interaction.

Water-mortar Interaction in a Tunnel Located in Southern Calabria (southern Italy)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Vespasiano ◽  
Pasqualino Notaro ◽  
Giuseppe Cianflone
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Great Increase ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Aqueous Environments ◽  
Concrete Degradation ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Many ◽  
Water Rock Interaction ◽  
Water Facies

Abstract In this work, we analyzed the results of a geochemical analysis aimed to define the origin of pH anomalies (pH > 11) in water samples collected inside a tunnel located in southern Calabria (southern Italy). We also analyzed the precipitates found close to the main drainage pipes. The hydrogeochemical study allowed us to identify a main NaOH water facies for the many samples collected close to the tunnel. In addition, the correlation diagrams highlighted high concentrations of Na, K, and Al, unrelated to simple water-rock interaction. Further evaluation excluded the possibility that interaction between the water and the outcropping lithologies was the only cause of the ongoing processes. This consideration is supported by the high Na and K concentrations, which cannot be accounted for by interaction between water and calcareous marl. Excluding a natural origin and some anthropogenic factors, one possible explanation is an interaction between the groundwater and the mortars used for consolidation during the excavation phase of the tunnel. Mortar and concrete degradation in aqueous environments produces a great increase in pH, initially deriving from interstitial fluids containing strong alkali (NaOH and KOH) and non-negligible K and Na concentrations, such as we observed in the collected samples.

scholarly journals Geochemistry of ice in frost mounds in the valley of the River Sentsa (Oka plateau, East Sayan)

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-536
Author(s):  
S. V. Alekseev ◽  
L. P. Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Lacustrine Sediments ◽  
Unconsolidated Sediments ◽  
Geochemical Type ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Terminal Moraine ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
Injection Process ◽  
Eastern Sayan

Te authors examined the chemical composition of underground ice sampled from the frost mounds located in the loose (unconsolidated) sediments of the Sentsa River valley (Oka plateau, Eastern Sayan) with the purpose of reconstruction the formation history of these cryogenic creations. Numerous frost mounds of various sizes are mainly composed of alternating icy loams, sandy loams, and lenses of pure ice. Samples of underground ice taken in the outcrops of the river ledges and cores from wells together with samples of river and lake waters were analyzed by traditional hydrochemical techniques (methods) in the center "Geodynamics and geochronology" (Institute of the Earth's Crust of the Siberian branch of RAS, Irkutsk). It was found that the chemical composition of pure ice melts from lenses and layers of the frost mounds is hydrocarbonate calcium (HCO3 Ca, SO4-HCO3 Ca and NH4-HCO3 Ca) with mineralization of 6.5 – 15.6 mg/L, pH = 5.6÷6.1. Mineralization of melts of texture-forming ice, taken from icy ground (i.e. with fractions of enclosing loams) was much higher – from 50 to 792.5 mg/L. River and lake water is ultra-fresh with 99–132 mg/L salinity, and according to geochemical type it is hydrocarbonate calcium (HCO3 Ca). Te specifc features of chemical composition of the underground ice (high content of ammonium salts and sulfates) depend on a water-rock interaction, the presence of organic matter in the loose (unconsolidated) sediments and a repeated volcanic activity in the late Pleistocene–Holocene. Te frost mounds are confned to a lacustrine sediments area in the backwater zone that was formed by the Late Pleistocene terminal moraine. Teir formation in the Holocene took place as a result of segregational ice formation during freezing of water-saturated lake sediments, and, presumably, repeated injections of underground waters of the under-channel and floodplain aquifers hydraulically connected with river waters. Tus, the genesis of the studied frost mounds is probably a mixed segregation-injection process.

scholarly journals Sources of Salinization of Groundwater in the Lower Yarmouk Gorge, East of the River Jordan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Möller ◽  
Marco De Lucia ◽  
Eliahu Rosenthal ◽  
Nimrod Inbar ◽  
Elias Salameh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rock Type ◽  
Basaltic Rock ◽  
Geochemical Evolution ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Thermal Groundwater ◽  
Central Segment ◽  
Well Field ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

In the Lower Yarmouk Gorge the chemical composition of regional, fresh to brackish, mostly thermal groundwater reveal a zonation in respect to salinization and geochemical evolution, which is seemingly controlled by the Lower Yarmouk fault (LYF) but does not strictly follow the morphological Yarmouk Gorge. South of LYF the artesian Mukeihbeh well field produces in its central segment groundwaters of almost pure basaltic-rock type with low contribution (<0.3 vol-%) of Tertiary brine, hosted in deep Cretaceous and Jurassic formations. Further distal, the contribution of limestone water increases originating from the Ajloun Mts. North of the LYF, the Mezar wells, the springs of Hammat Gader and Ain Himma produce dominantly limestone water, which contains 0.14-3 vol-% of the Tertiary brine and possess hence variable salinity. The total dissolved equivalents of solutes gained by water/rock interaction (WRI) and mixing with brine, TDE(WRI+brine), amounts to 10-70 % in the region comprising the Mukheibeh field, Ain Himma and Mezar 3 well, to 55-70 % in the springs of Hammat Gader, and to 80-90 % in wells Mezar 1 and 2. The type of salinization indicates that the Lower Yarmouk fault seemingly acts as the divide between the Ajloun and the Golan Heigths dominated groundwater.

GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF SILICY AND SILICY-CARBONATE METASOMATITES IN CRETACEOUS AND PALEOGENE DEPOSITS IN LOWER VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-19
Author(s):  
A. PANICHEV ◽  
A. IVANOV ◽  
I. CHEKRYZHOV ◽  
I. YASHKOV ◽  
V. IVANOV
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Reduced Forms

The chemical composition and microstructure of Paleocene quartzite sandstones and Upper Cretaceous siliceous-carbonate rocks in the Volgograd right bank of the Volga River have been studied. Numerous pipe-like channels, along which hot silica-saturated solutions flowed at the stage of sand cementation are found to have a two-layer structure. The inner layer consisting of dense quartzite has been enriched with ore elements (Fe, V, Cr, Mo, Ni, W, and Cu). Majority of detected ore phases is presented with reduced forms while minority is represented with sulfide and oxide ones. Siliceous-carbonate rocks contain high concentrations of strontium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, and uranium in addition to calcium in cold carbon dioxide solutions outputs.

scholarly journals Using the multivariate statistical analysis for understanding of chemical composition of saline lakes in south part of Western Siberia, Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 07012
Author(s):  
Marina Kolpakova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Saline Lakes ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
R Programming Language ◽  
R Programming ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

Major ion and trace elements chemistry of fifty-eight water samples of southern part of Western Siberia (Russia) were analysed with a suite of statistical techniques (using R programming language), in an effort to explain the key processes affecting chemical composition of saline lakes. The database included data about well, river, and lake waters and groundwater. According to performed cluster analysis of chemical data, all lakes in the area can be divided in to 5 main groups and their chemical composition very similar to rivers and deep groundwater. Shallow groundwaters are more enriched in Ca2+ and Mg2+. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified four main principal components, with the first principal component (PC1) accounting for 44.3% and representing the process of salinization, and PC2 and PC3 (17.9 and 8.6% of total variance) controlled by water-rock interaction process of carbonates/sulphates precipitation and aluminosilicates formation.

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