scholarly journals Landslide hazard evaluation based on linear rupture plane method

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 02030
Author(s):  
Min Yang ◽  
Shuping Xiong ◽  
Yue Cao ◽  
Zhaoyang Ling ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Limit Equilibrium ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Hazard Evaluation ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
High Risk Area ◽  
Plane Method ◽  
Landslide Hazards ◽  
Rupture Plane

In recent years, landslide disasters have occurred frequently, making the evaluation of the susceptibility of landslide hazards a major difficulty and hot topic in current research. The current research focuses on the use of statistical models or information models to analyze landslide hazards. However, the accuracy is not high. We first study the mechanism of landslide geological disasters. Based on this, combined with multi-source geological data, a linear rupture plane method (LRP) is employed to construct the landslide hazard evaluation system. LRP regards the failure surface of the slope as an approximate plane and the section as an approximate straight line. It uses the principle of limit equilibrium to calculate the safety factor of slope. In the paper, the Ziyang area with frequent landslide disasters is taken as the research area. Choosing landslide hazard points in Ziyang County as the sample data, we select seven factors including slope height, slope angle, soil bulk density, soil cohesion, internal friction angle, precipitation intensity and seismic intensity as influencing factors. Based on the LRP, we construct an evaluation system to divide the landslide into three grades: high-risk area, low-risk area and safe area, which provides effective technical support for the early warning and prevention planning of landslide disasters.

scholarly journals A Case Study Based Slope Stability Analysis at Chittagong City, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Atikul Haque Farazi ◽  
Abu Jafor Mia ◽  
Md. Ilias Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Limit Equilibrium ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Stability Chart ◽  
Slope Safety

Heavy rainfall occurs almost every year in Bangladesh and induces landslides in the hilly regions of this country. Among them the Chittagong City has the worst scenario―as there lives a dense population, extending from the plain lands to the hilly area. So, for risk mitigation and management in this landslide prone city, slope safety margin should be determined. From this context, this article presents factor of safety (FS) values in terms of landslide hazard at Chittagong city, based on geotechnical parameters and slope geometry. Thus a preliminary idea on the allowable stress for slope design could be made from this study. In total, 16 hazard sites of the 2007 and 2008, rainfall induced, landslides were examined as a case study along with subsequent collection of in situ soil samples of the failed slopes for geotechnical laboratory analysis. For FS calculation, the limit equilibrium method for infinite slopes was deployed along with the Cousins’ stability chart. FS values from 0.94 to 1.57 were found at the hazard sites. The results imply that FS value more than 1.57 should be used for slope safety margin. Moreover, from a probabilistic approach, the authors recommend FS > 1.80 as optimum value for the region. Furthermore, a relationship between slope height to slope length ratio, or slope angle and FS was established for this region for a quick calibration of FS value by simple on-field measurement of slope parameters. It is expected that this scenario based finding would contribute in mitigation of landslide hazard risk at the study area. Additionally, site specific FS values were presented in a map by color indexing. This research could ascertain the location wise slope strength requirement and be considered as a guideline for future calculation for slope safety design against rainfall triggered landslides in this city.

scholarly journals Landslide hazards in eastern Himalayas

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arupkumar Mitra ◽  
A. K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Density ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Hazard Evaluation ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Eastern Himalayas ◽  
Hydroelectric Project ◽  
Landslide Hazards ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sphere Of Influence ◽  
Tectonic Belt

The Himalayas, with extreme variations in relief, are characterised by very steep slopes, harsh (i.e. cold and humid) climate and a dynamic geotectonic setting. These characteristics appear responsible for widespread slope failures and mass movements, which are often accentuated by various human activities. The importance and severity of landslide phenomenon was not recognised until recently because of sparse habitation, remoteness of its occurrence, and limited sphere of influence of the individual slides. During the last few decades, increasing developmental activities, such as unplanned urbanization, communication, dam construction, deforestation, and agriculture, have substantially affected the geo-environment and aggravated the landslide hazard in the eastern Himalayas. Three sample areas: i) along the National Highway 31 A (the East Sikkim District), ii) in the area of the Rarnmarn Hydroelectric Project Stage II (the Darjeeling District), and iii) in the Kalimpong Municipal area (the Darjeeling District), all within the inner tectonic belt of the Lesser Himalaya, were investigated for preparing LHZ maps on 1:25,000 scale. Landslide hazard evaluation factors (LHEF) were rated for each of the major causative factors, namely lithology, structure, slope morphometry, relative relief, land use, and drainage density, and summed up to obtain the total estimated hazard (TEHD) values for each slope facet. The TEHD values from 0 to 10 were classified into live zones of increasing relative hazard.

Hazard Evaluation for Seawater Intrusion in the South of Laizhou Bay

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 317-320
Author(s):  
Guang Quan Chen ◽  
Wen Quan Liu ◽  
Xing Yong Xu ◽  
Qiao Su
Keyword(s):  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Hazard Evaluation ◽  
Laizhou Bay ◽  
Geological Condition ◽  
The South ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
High Risk Area

Laizhou Bay is the most typical and serious region suffering from the geo-hazard of the seawater intrusion in China. The information value model and GIS are used for the hazard assessment study of seawater intrusion disaster in the Laizhou Bay. The assessment indexes are conceived through choosing the factors such as mineralization, groundwater level, geological condition, intensity of human activities and offshore distance . ArcGIS software is applied involving in data collection, data management, data analysis and evaluation process expressing. Finally, the hazard assessment about seawater intrusion disaster is classed into high, medium and low. The result shows that the boundary between the more dangerous and less dangerous zone is the line of Shouguang-Hanting-Changyi. The high-risk area is accounted for more than 46% of the evaluation area. The saltwater under the south of Laizhou plain is main source of the seawater intrusion disaster, and pumping the underground freshwater and saline groundwater is the induced conditions of the seawater intrusion disaster.

Evaluation on Risk of Non-Point Source Pollution in Dayanghe Watershed Based on GIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 2023-2026
Author(s):  
An Ning Suo ◽  
Hua Ru Wang ◽  
Yuan Bin Fu
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Steep Slope ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
High Risk Area ◽  
Risk Evaluation System ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Four indices which include surface runoff, soil erosion, agricultural nutrient loss, human and animal feces were selected and method to evaluate risk of non-point source pollution in watershed was constructed based on GIS. As a case, non-point source pollution in Dayanghe was evaluated. Results showed that very high risk area of non-point source pollution accounted for 3.41% area of the watershed, mainly located in farmland with steep slope along upper valley of the watershed. High risk area of non-point source pollution was located in farmland and human settlement placecs, accounted for 16.40% area of the watershed. Areas with low risk of non-point source pollution was riverbeds, shrub and grassland in eastern and western hilly with steep slope. Areas with lower risk of non-point source pollution located in middle of the watershed and accounted for 60.55% area. GIS-based risk evaluation system of non-point source pollution can reflect real map of pollution in the Dayanghe watershed and give implication for protection plan.

Periodic monitoring of vampire bats and rabies: a new framework for animal restoration projects in the Neotropics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Gonçalves ◽  
Daniel G. Streicker ◽  
Mauro Galetti
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Land Bridge ◽  
High Risk Area ◽  
Restoration Project ◽  
Vampire Bats

Nowadays, restoration project might lead to increased public engagement and enthusiasm for biodiversity and is receiving increased media attention in major newspapers, TED talks and the scientific literature. However, empirical research on restoration project is rare, fragmented, and geographically biased and long-term studies that monitor indirect and unexpected effects are needed to support future management decisions especially in the Neotropical area. Changes in animal population dynamics and community composition following species (re)introduction may have unanticipated consequences for a variety of downstream ecosystem processes, including food web structure, predator-prey systems and infectious disease transmission. Recently, an unprecedented study in Brazil showed changes in vampire bat feeding following a rewilding project and further transformed the land-bridge island into a high-risk area for rabies transmission. Due the lessons learned from ongoing project, we present a novel approach on how to anticipate, monitor, and mitigate the vampire bats and rabies in rewilding projects. We pinpoint a series of precautions and the need for long-term monitoring of vampire bats and rabies responses to rewilding projects and highlighted the importance of multidisciplinary teams of scientist and managers focusing on prevention educational program of rabies risk transmitted by bats. In addition, monitoring the relative abundance of vampire bats, considering reproductive control by sterilization and oral vaccines that autonomously transfer among bats would reduce the probability, size and duration of rabies outbreaks. The rewilding assessment framework presented here responds to calls to better integrate the science and practice of rewilding and also could be used for long-term studying of bat-transmitted pathogen in the Neotropical area as the region is considered a geographic hotspots of “missing bat zoonoses”.

74 Improving Handover Between Doctors and Nurses on An Elderly Care Ward

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i12-i42
Author(s):  
K Suseeharan ◽  
T Vedutla
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Task Completion ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
High Risk Area ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Care Ward ◽  
Doctors And Nurses

Abstract Background The Royal College of Physician guidelines (2011) identified handover as a “high risk step” in patient care, especially in recent times within the NHS where shift patterns lead to more disjointed care with a high reliance on effective handover by all staff members. Introduction At Cannock Chase hospital, Fairoak ward is an elderly care rehabilitation ward where there is a large multi-disciplinary team. While working on the ward as doctors we noticed that handover between the MDT was poor. Anecdotal evidence from both doctors and nurses felt that this was a high risk area in need of improvement. Aim to improve handover between doctors and nurses on this elderly care ward. Method To measure the quality of current handover practice we did a questionnaire. A total of 12 questionnaires were completed which showed that 92% of staff felt that handover on the ward was very poor and 50% preferred both written and verbal handover. We measured the number of tasks verbally handed over between doctors and nurses over 3 days. On average 65% of the tasks were completed. We then made the below interventions and re-audited to see if there was any improvement. Interventions over 3 week period: Results Questionnaire: Measuring task completion after interventions; Conclusion This project has made a positive change qualitatively and quantitatively to the ward handover practice. Staff satisfaction regarding handover has improved and the number of “handed over” tasks completed daily has significantly improved. The written handover sheet had poor utilisation by staff but in 4 months we are going to re-audit and trial the handover sheet again to further improve service delivery. We hope this improvement will have a positive impact on patient care on this elderly care ward.

GIS-based landslide hazard assessment: an overview

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Huabin ◽  
Liu Gangjun ◽  
Xu Weiya ◽  
Wang Gonghui
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Property A ◽  
Landslide Hazard Assessment ◽  
Landslide Hazards ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Slope Management

In recent years, landslide hazard assessment has played an important role in developing land utilization regulations aimed at minimizing the loss of lives and damage to property. A variety of approaches has been used in landslide assessment and these can be classified into qualitative factor overlay, statistical models, geotechnical process models, etc. However, there is little work on the satisfactory integration of these models with geographic information systems (GIS) to support slope management and landslide hazard mitigation. This paper deals with several aspects of landslide hazard assessment by presenting a focused review of GIS-based landslide hazard assessment: it starts with a framework for GIS-based assessment of landslide hazard; continues with a critical review of the state of the art in using GIS and digital elevation models (DEM) for mapping and modelling landslide hazards; and concludes with a description of an integrated system for effective landslide hazard assessment and zonation incorporating artificial intelligence and data mining technology in a GIS-based framework of knowledge discovery.

S2031 Socioeconomic Status in Relation to Esophageal Cancer in a High-Risk Area of Iran

2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. A-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Islami ◽  
Farin Kamangar ◽  
Dariush Nasrollahzadeh ◽  
Masoud Sotoudeh ◽  
Christian C. Abnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
High Risk Area
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