scholarly journals Conversion of diesel locomotive engines to operation on natural gas motor fuel

2020 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 01003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Asabin ◽  
Alexey Roslyakov ◽  
Leyla Kurmanova ◽  
Sergey Petukhov ◽  
Maxim Erzamayev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Diesel Locomotive ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Gas Fuel ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Lower Heating

This research paper contains the results of analysis of a range of variation of the lower heating value of gas during the process of conversion of diesel locomotive engines to operation on natural gas as motor fuel. It was demonstrated in this paper that the range of variation of the lower heating value at the various fields considered in it varied within the limits to 32.4%. A proposal was made to take into consideration the so-termed lower heating value of diesel fuel and natural gas when running diesel locomotive engines on liquid-gas fuel complementary to atmospheric conditions.

Development Requirements for an Advanced Gas Turbine System

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 724-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Bannister ◽  
N. S. Cheruvu ◽  
D. A. Little ◽  
G. McQuiggan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Generation Plant ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Power Generation Plant ◽  
Cooling Air ◽  
Lower Heating ◽  
Plant Efficiency

In cooperation with U.S. Department of Energy’s Morgantown Energy Technology Center, a Westinghouse-led team is working on the second part of an 8-year, Advanced Turbine Systems Program to develop the technology required to provide a significant increase in natural gas-fired combined cycle power generation plant efficiency. This paper reports on the Westinghouse program to develop an innovative natural gas-fired advanced turbine cycle, which, in combination with increased firing temperature, use of advanced materials, increased component efficiencies, and reduced cooling air usage, has the potential of achieving a lower heating value plant efficiency in excess of 60 percent.

scholarly journals Development Requirements for an Advanced Gas Turbine System

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Bannister ◽  
N. S. Cheruvu ◽  
D. A. Little ◽  
G. McQuiggan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Generation Plant ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Power Generation Plant ◽  
Cooling Air ◽  
Lower Heating ◽  
Plant Efficiency

In cooperation with U.S. Department of Energy’s Morgantown Energy Technology Center, a Westinghouse led team is working on the second part of an 8-year, Advanced Turbine Systems Program to develop the technology required to provide a significant increase in natural gas-fired combined cycle power generation plant efficiency. This paper reports on the Westinghouse program to develop an innovative natural gas-fired advanced turbine cycle which, in combination with increased thing temperature, use of advanced materials, increased component efficiencies and reduced cooling air usage, has the potential of achieving a lower heating value plant efficiency in excess of 60%.

scholarly journals Effects of Lemongrass Oil as Fuel in Diesel Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Nageswara Rao GANGOLU ◽  
Radha Krishna GOPIDESI ◽  
Immadi Mehar ANUDEEP
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Maximum Reduction ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Lemongrass Oil ◽  
Lower Heating

The rapid increase of diesel engines and diminishing of diesel fuel creates a challenge for researchers to find alternative fuel. The present experiment is performed on a 3.5 kW diesel engine. Here, diesel is replaced with pure lemongrass oil (LGO) of10%, 20%, and 30% by volume with diesel. The obtained data from the experimental work may exhibit the Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) of LG20 equivalent to pure diesel. The specific fuel consumption (SFC) of LGO blends shows an increase compared to diesel, due to the lower heating value for LGO blends. On the other hand, LGO blends show lower emissions of NOX, due to the lower peak flame temperature. When compared to the other samples, the LG30 gives a maximum reduction in NOX emissions; of 10.33%. When compared to biodiesel blends, diesel fuel shows a significant increase in the Net Heat Release rate (NHR).

Increasing the efficiency of series D49 diesel engines by transfer to gas engine fuel

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Alexey Muratov ◽  
Andrey Balakin ◽  
Denis Bardin ◽  
Valentina Tselikovskaya ◽  
Leyla Kurmanova
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Diesel Locomotive ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Gas Engine

Objective: Studying the effect of diesel locomotives on the use of natural gas as motor fuel. Identification of the main advantages of using natural gas in internal combustion engines. Analysis of the effect of gas engine fuel on the performance of diesel locomotive power plants. Methods: Simulation of the working process of two engines: the first – on diesel fuel, the second – on the gas mixture. Adjustment of the mathematical model according to the real parameters of 1А-5Д49-2 diesel engine, taken during the rheostat tests of 2ТЭ116 diesel locomotive. Conducting calculation and experimental studies to assess the effect of the complete replacement of diesel fuel with natural gas on the operation of the locomotive power plant; accumulation of computational and experimental data, their systematization and statistical analysis. Theoretical dependences of the change in the specific effective fuel consumption of a diesel engine operating on natural gas through the gas cycle on the position of the driver’s controller, as well as dependences of the change in the effective performance of a diesel engine have been discussed. The calculated values are compared for the diesel engine operating on natural gas and the diesel engine operating on diesel fuel. Results: The calculated dependencies of the performance of Series 1А-5Д49-2 (16ЧН26/26) diesel engine of 2ТЭ116 diesel locomotive with the use of gas engine fuel have been obtained. The obtained data has been analyzed allowing carrying out theoretical estimation of efficiency of natural gas used as gas engine fuel throughout the entire operating range of 1А-5Д49-2 (16ЧН26/26) diesel engine of 2ТЭ116 diesel locomotive. A conclusion was confirmed about the expediency and efficiency of using natural gas in railway transport, particularly diesel locomotives. The influence of replacement of diesel fuel with natural gas on the performance indicators of diesel locomotives has been determined. Practical importance: The obtained dependencies will help in forecasting and in the theoretical evaluation of the feasibility of using natural gas as a motor fuel for locomotive power plants.

Herb Residues Gasification in a Circulating Fluidized Bed

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 508-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Qiang Guo ◽  
Yu Ping Dong
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Circulating Fluidized Bed ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Gas Fuel ◽  
Herb Residues ◽  
Lower Heating

A circulating utilization way of herb residues is designed to convert herb residues to gas fuel in industrial-scale by a circulating gasification bed gasifier in this work. The gasification characteristics of herb residues in the circulating fluidized bed of 300kg/h were investigated in about 200 hours. The results indicated that the gas composition and tar yield were affected by oxygen to biomass ratio (O/B ratio). The lower heating value of product gas was 4 to 5MJ/m3 using herb residues as feedstock. When O/B was 0.37, the product gas reached a good condition with lower heating value of 4.89MJ/m3.

scholarly journals Combustion Study of Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers and Diesel Blend Fuels on an Optical Engine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4608
Author(s):  
Jingjing He ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Xin Su ◽  
Bin Xie ◽  
Quanwei Li
Keyword(s):  
Soot Formation ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Optical Engine ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Combustion Duration ◽  
Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Lower Heating

Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) are a newly appeared promising oxygenated alternative that can greatly reduce soot emissions of diesel engines. The combustion characteristics of the PODE and diesel blends (the blending ratios of PODE are 0%, 20%, 50% and 100% by volume, respectively) are investigated based on an optical engine under the injection timings of 6, 9, 12 and 15-degree crank angles before top dead center and injection pressures of 100 MPa, 120 MPa and 140 MPa in this study. The results show that both the ignition delay and combustion duration of the fuels decrease with the increasing of PODE ratio in the blends. However, in the case of the fuel supply of the optical engine being fixed, the heat release rate, cylinder pressure and temperature of the blend fuels decrease with the PODE addition due to the low lower heating value of PODE. The addition of PODE in diesel can significantly reduce the integrated natural flame luminosity and the soot formation under all injection conditions. When the proportion of the PODE addition is 50% and 100%, the chemical properties of the blends play a leading role in soot formation, while the change of the injection conditions have an inconspicuous effect on it. When the proportion of the PODE addition is 20%, the blend shows excellent characteristics in a comprehensive evaluation of combustion and soot reduction.

Comparison Between Two-Shaft Simple and Single-Shaft Recuperated Brayton Cycles Using Different Types of Gaseous Fuels

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Malkogianni ◽  
A. Tourlidakis ◽  
A. L. Polyzakis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lower Heating

Geopolitical issues give rise to problems in the smooth and continuous flow of oil and natural gas from the production countries to the consumers’ development countries. In addition, severe environmental issues such as greenhouse gas emissions, eventually guide the consumers to fuels more suitable to the present situation. Alternative fuels such as biogas and coal gas have recently become more attractive because of their benefits, especially for electricity generation. On the other hand, the use of relatively low heating value fuels has a significant effect to the performance parameters of gas turbines. In this paper, the impact of using four fuels with different heating value in the gas turbine performance is simulated. Based on the high efficiency and commercialization criteria, two types of engines are chosen to be simulated: two-shaft simple and single-shaft recuperated cycle gas turbines. The heating values of the four gases investigated, correspond to natural gas and to a series of three gases with gradually lower heating values than that of natural gas. The main conclusions drawn from this design point (DP) and off-design (OD) analysis is that, for a given TET, efficiency increases for both engines when gases with low heating value are used. On the contrary, when power output is kept constant, the use of gases with low heating value will result in a decrease of thermal efficiency. A number of parametric studies are carried out and the effect of operating parameters on performance is assessed. The analysis is performed with customized software, which has been developed for this purpose.

Biodiesel Effects on Influencing Parameters of Brake Fuel Conversion Efficiency in a Medium Duty Diesel Engine

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua A. Bittle ◽  
Jesse K. Younger ◽  
Timothy J. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Mass Energy ◽  
Fuel Conversion ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Lower Heating

Biodiesel remains an alternative fuel of interest for use in diesel engines. A common characteristic of biodiesel, relative to petroleum diesel, is a lowered heating value (or per mass energy content of the fuel). For same torque engine comparisons, the lower heating value translates into a higher brake specific fuel consumption (amount of fuel consumed per unit of power produced). The efficiency at which fuel energy converts into work energy, however, may remain unchanged. In this experimental study, evaluating nine unique engine operating conditions, the brake fuel conversion efficiency (an assessor of fuel energy to work energy efficiency) remains unchanged between 100% petroleum diesel fuel and 100% biodiesel fuel (palm olein) at all conditions, except for high load conditions. Several parameters may affect the brake fuel conversion efficiency, including heat loss, mixture properties, pumping work, friction, combustion efficiency, and combustion timing. This article describes a study that evaluates how the aforementioned parameters may change with the use of biodiesel and petroleum diesel, and how these parameters may result in differences in the brake fuel conversion efficiency.

scholarly journals Lower Heating Value of Jet Fuel from Hydrocarbon Class Concentration Data and Thermo-Chemical Reference Data: An Uncertainty Quantification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall Boehm ◽  
Zhibin Yang ◽  
David Bell ◽  
John Feldhausen ◽  
Joshua Heyne
Keyword(s):  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Confidence Bands ◽  
Heats Of Formation ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Value Net ◽  
Lower Heating

A detailed assessment is presented on the calculation and uncertainty of the lower heating value (net heat of combustion) of conventional and sustainable aviation fuels, from hydrocarbon class concentration measurements, reference molecular heats of formation, and the uncertainties of these reference heats of formation. Calculations using this paper’s method and estimations using ASTM D3338 are reported for 17 fuels of diverse compositions and compared against reported ASTM D4809 measurements. All the calculations made by this method and the reported ASTM D4809 measurements agree (i.e., within 95% confidence intervals). The 95% confidence interval of the lower heating value of fuel candidates that are comprised entirely of normal- and iso-alkanes is less than 0.1 MJ/kg by the method described here, while high cyclo-alkane content leads to 95% confidence bands that approach 0.2 MJ/kg. Taking a possible bias into account, the accuracy and precision of the method described in this work could be as high as 0.23 MJ/kg for some samples.

scholarly journals The Technological Investigations Of Manufacturing Of Energy Chips

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Ziedonis Miklašēvičs
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Lower Heating

The methodology in Latvia forest industry provide to determine the quality of energy chips only in long- term storage places before selling. Due to the lack of hard empirical data about the quality parameters of energy chips in different phases of manufacturing process, this research paper consists of: - the identification and analyses of the factors that influenced the values of energy chips quality features such as: bulk density, moisture content, ash content, higher and lower heating value according to actual moisture content and per dry mass of the chips; - the methodology for determination the quality parameters of energy chips by analysis the wood moisture content and by choice the method of the manufacturing of energy chips.

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