scholarly journals Data centers environmental impact assessment features

2021 ◽  
Vol 311 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
Andrey Semenov ◽  
Ekaterina Oganesyan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Environmental Capacity ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Thermal Emissions ◽  
Assessment Tasks ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
Electricity Generate ◽  
Global Data

Data centers became significant sources of environmental impact: each year global data centers consume TWh of electricity, generate comparable thermal emissions to the atmosphere and/or hydrosphere, create wastes of electronic equipment and life-expired batteries, and create other types of direct and indirect ecological footprint. In conformity with the sustainable development concept data centers environmental impact of all types should be numerically assessed to compare to the environmental capacity and move towards sustainability. It requires ecological footprint (carbon footprint in particular) to be assessed. Existing xUE Effectiveness Metrics used for data centers are all relative, so data centers’ environmental impact cannot be calculated directly from it. Methods of payment calculation for negative environmental impact, used in Russia, do not take into account data center features and can hardly be used for the assessment tasks. Data centers need to adapt existing and develop new assessment methods for its environmental impact, considering all the resources consumed and all the emissions generated.

scholarly journals Zadania administracji publicznej w zakresie gospodarki odpadami w Polsce

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Maciej Jabłoński
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
The Way

The act on waste defines the rule of conduct with waste into the way protecting the life and the health of people and the environmental protection according to the principle of the sustainable development, in particular, the principle of prevention for coming into existence of waste or limiting the quantity of waste and their negative environmental impact, as well as therecycling or neutralizing of waste.

scholarly journals Strategies for Improving the Sustainability of Data Centers via Energy Mix, Energy Conservation, and Circular Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6114
Author(s):  
Matteo Manganelli ◽  
Alessandro Soldati ◽  
Luigi Martirano ◽  
Seeram Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Energy Efficiency And Conservation

Information and communication technologies (ICT) are increasingly permeating our daily life and we ever more commit our data to the cloud. Events like the COVID-19 pandemic put an exceptional burden upon ICT. This involves increasing implementation and use of data centers, which increased energy use and environmental impact. The scope of this work is to summarize the present situation on data centers as to environmental impact and opportunities for improvement. First, we introduce the topic, presenting estimated energy use and emissions. Then, we review proposed strategies for energy efficiency and conservation in data centers. Energy uses pertain to power distribution, ICT, and non-ICT equipment (e.g., cooling). Existing and prospected strategies and initiatives in these sectors are identified. Among key elements are innovative cooling techniques, natural resources, automation, low-power electronics, and equipment with extended thermal limits. Research perspectives are identified and estimates of improvement opportunities are mentioned. Finally, we present an overview on existing metrics, regulatory framework, and bodies concerned.

scholarly journals Simulation-Based Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Sustainable Supply Chains—Re-Design in an Approach to Supply Chain Strategy

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3504
Author(s):  
Blanka Tundys ◽  
Tomasz Wiśniewski
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Supply Chain Strategy ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact

The aim of the study was to analyze emissions in the supply chain and to identify, based on a literature analysis, which supply chain strategies could contribute to reducing these emissions. A broad spectrum of new supply chain strategy solutions was identified and, based on simulations of selected products, conclusions were drawn and the advantages and disadvantages of theoretical solutions were presented for individual cases. A critical analysis of the literature and simulation methods were used to illustrate the problem presented in this paper, to identify the factors causing greenhouse gas emissions and to draw conclusions in the form of proposals to redesign existing strategies, considering the factors determining the increase in pollution caused by the performed logistics processes. The results of the simulations and the literature analysis indicate that solutions related to the redesign of strategies must consider the specificity of the product and the nature of the chain. Not all proposed strategies are applicable to all chains, and each new strategy must be carefully considered and consider many factors. An important element to reduce the negative environmental impact of chains is a well-thought-out relationship with suppliers, a well-chosen and adapted logistics infrastructure, including means of transport. The presented solutions clearly indicate that the environmental aspect plays an increasingly important role in chain management and influences the applied chain strategies. However, reducing the environmental impact of a chain is not a revolutionary approach and an easy-to-implement strategy change, but a well-thought-out, long-term process that considers the specifics of the products, the possibilities of alternative sourcing and distribution modes, and the need to invest in logistics infrastructure to make it as environmentally neutral as possible.

scholarly journals The Ecological Footprint of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7425
Author(s):  
Peter Kurzweil ◽  
Alfred Müller ◽  
Steffen Wahler
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Cooling Technology ◽  
Chain Organization ◽  
Last Mile Delivery

Compared to the medical, economic and social implications of COVID-19 vaccinations, little attention has been paid to the ecological balance to date. This study is an attempt to estimate the environmental impact of two mRNA vaccines in terms of CO2 equivalents with respect to their different freezing strategies and supply chain organization. Although it is impossible to accurately calculate the actual environmental impact of the new biochemical synthesis technology, it becomes apparent that transport accounts for up to 99% of the total carbon footprint. The emissions for air freight, road transportation and last-mile delivery are nearly as 19 times the emissions generated from ultra-deep freeze technologies, the production of dry ice, glass and medical polymers for packaging. The carbon footprint of a single mRNA vaccine dose injected into a patient is about 0.01 to 0.2 kg CO2 equivalents, depending on the cooling technology and the logistic routes to the vaccination sites in Germany.

ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL LOSSES CAUSED BY ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY ISSUES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.G. Shifrin ◽  
◽  
N.V. Limarenko ◽  
D.V. Trinz ◽  
D.S. Inozemtsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
And Control

This article discusses the problems of the influence of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) violations of electrical and electronic devices on the surrounding ecosystems. The analysis is carried out and the classification of EMC violations is given, the causes of the compatibility violation are examined, and the economic losses and the negative environmental impact, as a consequence of the considered violations, are analyzed. A classification and generalization of methods to minimize the negative consequences of EMC violations was carried out, criteria for reducing economic losses were considered, methods for preventing and preventing EMC violations of various power and electronic devices were classified. The methods of monitoring the compatibility of devices are considered and recommendations are given for observing the necessary safety and control requirements.

scholarly journals The Ecological Footprint Accounting of Products: When Larger Is Not Worse

Resources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Patrizi ◽  
Valentina Niccolucci ◽  
Riccardo Pulselli ◽  
Elena Neri ◽  
Simone Bastianoni
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Product System ◽  
Sustainability Evaluation ◽  
Competitive Systems ◽  
The Status ◽  
Resource Accounting ◽  
Selection Of

One of the main goals of any (sustainability) indicator should be the communication of a clear, unambiguous, and simplified message about the status of the analyzed system. The selected indicator is expected to declare explicitly how its numerical value depicts a situation, for example, positive or negative, sustainable or unsustainable, especially when a comparison among similar or competitive systems is performed. This aspect should be a primary and discriminating issue when the selection of a set of opportune indicators is operated. The Ecological Footprint (EF) has become one of the most popular and widely used sustainability indicators. It is a resource accounting method with an area based metric in which the units of measure are global hectares or hectares with world average bio-productivity. Its main goal is to underline the link between the (un)sustainability level of a product, a system, an activity or a population life style, with the land demand for providing goods, energy, and ecological services needed to sustain that product, system, activity, or population. Therefore, the traditional rationale behind the message of EF is: the larger EF value, the larger environmental impact in terms of resources use, the lower position in the sustainability rank. The aim of this paper was to investigate if this rationale is everywhere opportune and unambiguous, or if sometimes its use requires paying a special attention. Then, a three-dimensional modification of the classical EF framework for the sustainability evaluation of a product has been proposed following a previous work by Niccolucci and co-authors (2009). Finally, the potentialities of the model have been tested by using a case study from the agricultural context.

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