scholarly journals Vortices in 𝒫𝒯-symmetric non-Hermitian superfluid

2022 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 10005
Author(s):  
Alexander Begun ◽  
Maxim Chernodub ◽  
Alexander Molochkov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Vortex Solutions

We discuss the properties of the non-Hermitian 𝒫𝒯-symmetric two–scalar fields model. We investigate stability areas of this system and properties of vortices that emerge in the system of two interacting scalar fields. The phase diagram of the model contains stable and unstable regions depending on 𝒫𝒯-symmetry breaking, which intercross the regions of U(1)-symmetric and U(1)-broken phases in a nontrivial way. At non-zero quartic couplings, the non-Hermitian model possesses classical vortex solutions in the 𝒫𝒯-symmetric regions. We also consider a close Hermitian analog of the theory and compare the results with the non-Hermitian model.

scholarly journals A theory of giant vortices

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Penin ◽  
Quinten Weller
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Expansion ◽  
Analytic Form ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Winding Number ◽  
Asymptotic Results ◽  
Convergence Region ◽  
Ginzburg Landau ◽  
Landau Model ◽  
Neutral Scalar ◽  
Vortex Solutions

Abstract We elaborate a theory of giant vortices [1] based on an asymptotic expansion in inverse powers of their winding number n. The theory is applied to the analysis of vortex solutions in the abelian Higgs (Ginzburg-Landau) model. Specific properties of the giant vortices for charged and neutral scalar fields as well as different integrable limits of the scalar self-coupling are discussed. Asymptotic results and the finite-n corrections to the vortex solutions are derived in analytic form and the convergence region of the expansion is determined.

scholarly journals Symmetry breaking at high temperatures in large N gauge theories

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumyadeep Chaudhuri ◽  
Eliezer Rabinovici
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Temperature Limit ◽  
Spontaneous Breaking ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Weakly Coupled

Abstract Considering marginally relevant and relevant deformations of the weakly coupled (3 + 1)-dimensional large N conformal gauge theories introduced in [1], we study the patterns of phase transitions in these systems that lead to a symmetry-broken phase in the high temperature limit. These deformations involve only the scalar fields in the models. The marginally relevant deformations are obtained by varying certain double trace quartic couplings between the scalar fields. The relevant deformations, on the other hand, are obtained by adding masses to the scalar fields while keeping all the couplings frozen at their fixed point values. At the N → ∞ limit, the RG flows triggered by these deformations approach the aforementioned weakly coupled CFTs in the UV regime. These UV fixed points lie on a conformal manifold with the shape of a circle in the space of couplings. As shown in [1], in certain parameter regimes a subset of points on this manifold exhibits thermal order characterized by the spontaneous breaking of a global ℤ2 or U(1) symmetry and Higgsing of a subset of gauge bosons at all nonzero temperatures. We show that the RG flows triggered by the marginally relevant deformations lead to a weakly coupled IR fixed point which lacks the thermal order. Thus, the systems defined by these RG flows undergo a transition from a disordered phase at low temperatures to an ordered phase at high temperatures. This provides examples of both inverse symmetry breaking and symmetry nonrestoration. For the relevant deformations, we demonstrate that a variety of phase transitions are possible depending on the signs and magnitudes of the squares of the masses added to the scalar fields. Using thermal perturbation theory, we derive the approximate values of the critical temperatures for all these phase transitions. All the results are obtained at the N → ∞ limit. Most of them are found in a reliable weak coupling regime and for others we present qualitative arguments.

scholarly journals Novel thick brane solutions with U(1) symmetry breaking

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Peyravi ◽  
Nematollah Riazi ◽  
Francisco S. N. Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Einstein Tensor ◽  
Vacuum Structure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dimensional Gravity ◽  
Breaking Parameter ◽  
Symmetry Breaking Term ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Breaking Term

AbstractIn this work, using two scalar fields ($$\phi $$ ϕ , $$\psi $$ ψ ) coupled to 4 + 1 dimensional gravity, we construct novel topological brane solutions through an explicit U(1) symmetry breaking term. The potential of this model is constructed so that two distinct degenerate vacua in the $$\phi $$ ϕ field exist, in analogy to the $$\phi ^{4}$$ ϕ 4 potential. Therefore, brane solutions appear due to the vacuum structure of the $$\phi $$ ϕ field. However, the topology and vacuum structure in the $$\psi $$ ψ direction depends on the symmetry breaking parameter $$\beta ^{2}$$ β 2 , which leads to different types of branes. As a result, one can interpret the present model as a combination of a $$\phi ^{4}$$ ϕ 4 brane with an auxiliary field, which leads to deviations from the $$\phi ^{4}$$ ϕ 4 system with the brane achieving a richer internal structure. Furthermore, we analyse in detail the behaviour of the superpotentials, the warp factors, the Ricci and Kretschmann scalars and the Einstein tensor components. In addition to this, we explore the stability of the brane in terms of the free parameters of the model. The analysis presented here complements previous work and is sufficiently novel to be interesting.

scholarly journals Calculated phase diagram of doped BaFe 2 As 2 superconductor in a C 4 -symmetry breaking model

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 67001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Yen Tai ◽  
Jian-Xin Zhu ◽  
Matthias J. Graf ◽  
C. S. Ting
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Calculated Phase Diagram ◽  
Calculated Phase

PHASE STRUCTURE OF QED3 AT FINITE CHEMICAL POTENTIAL AND TEMPERATURE

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 449-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIN HE ◽  
HONG-TAO FENG ◽  
WEI-MIN SUN ◽  
HONG-SHI ZONG
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Wave Function ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Phase Structure ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Chiral Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mass Function ◽  
Wave Function Renormalization

We study the dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB) of three-dimensional quantum electrodynamics (QED3) at finite chemical potential and temperature in the framework of Dyson–Schwinger approach. Based on the rainbow approximation and assumption that the wave-function renormalization factor equals to one, the dynamically generated mass function is derived and then the corresponding phase diagram in the (T, μ) plane is obtained.

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