scholarly journals CONRAD – a code for nuclear data modeling and evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Cyrille De Saint Jean ◽  
Pierre Tamagno ◽  
Pascal Archier ◽  
Gilles Noguere
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Parameter Uncertainties ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Comparison With Experiment ◽  
The Status ◽  
Treat All ◽  
General Perspective

The CONRAD code is an object-oriented software tool developed at CEA since 2005. It aims at providing nuclear reaction model calculations, data assimilation procedures based on Bayesian inference and a proper framework to treat all uncertainties involved in the nuclear data evaluation process: experimental uncertainties (statistical and systematic) as well as model parameter uncertainties. This paper will present the status of CONRAD-V1 developments concerning the theoretical and evaluation aspects. Each development is illustrated with examples and calculations were validated by comparison with existing codes (SAMMY, REFIT, ECIS, TALYS) or by comparison with experiment. At the end of this paper, a general perspective for CONRAD (concerning the evaluation and theoretical modules) and actual developments will be presented.

scholarly journals Predicting the cumulative medical load of COVID-19 outbreaks after the peak in daily fatalities

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0247272
Author(s):  
Claudius Gros ◽  
Roser Valenti ◽  
Lukas Schneider ◽  
Benedikt Gutsche ◽  
Dimitrije Marković
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Sir Model ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Space Representation ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Short And Long Term

The distinct ways the COVID-19 pandemic has been unfolding in different countries and regions suggest that local societal and governmental structures play an important role not only for the baseline infection rate, but also for short and long-term reactions to the outbreak. We propose to investigate the question of how societies as a whole, and governments in particular, modulate the dynamics of a novel epidemic using a generalization of the SIR model, the reactive SIR (short-term and long-term reaction) model. We posit that containment measures are equivalent to a feedback between the status of the outbreak and the reproduction factor. Short-term reaction to an outbreak corresponds in this framework to the reaction of governments and individuals to daily cases and fatalities. The reaction to the cumulative number of cases or deaths, and not to daily numbers, is captured in contrast by long-term reaction. We present the exact phase space solution of the controlled SIR model and use it to quantify containment policies for a large number of countries in terms of short and long-term control parameters. We find increased contributions of long-term control for countries and regions in which the outbreak was suppressed substantially together with a strong correlation between the strength of societal and governmental policies and the time needed to contain COVID-19 outbreaks. Furthermore, for numerous countries and regions we identified a predictive relation between the number of fatalities within a fixed period before and after the peak of daily fatality counts, which allows to gauge the cumulative medical load of COVID-19 outbreaks that should be expected after the peak. These results suggest that the proposed model is applicable not only for understanding the outbreak dynamics, but also for predicting future cases and fatalities once the effectiveness of outbreak suppression policies is established with sufficient certainty. Finally, we provide a web app (https://itp.uni-frankfurt.de/covid-19/) with tools for visualising the phase space representation of real-world COVID-19 data and for exporting the preprocessed data for further analysis.

scholarly journals Modeling Judges’ Scores in Artistic Gymnastics

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Melanie Mack ◽  
Maximilian Bryan ◽  
Gerhard Heyer ◽  
Thomas Heinen
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Recurrent Neural Network ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Complete Dataset ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
Movement Kinematic ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
The Relationship

Background: In artistic gymnastics, performance is observed and evaluated by judges based on criteria defined in the code of points. However, there is a manifold of influences discussed in the literature that could potentially bias the judges’ evaluations in artistic gymnastics. In this context, several authors claim the necessity for alternative approaches to judging gymnastics utilizing biomechanical methods. Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a model-based approach to judge gymnastics performance based on quantitative kinematic data of the performed skills. Methods: Four different model variants based on kinematic similarity calculated by a multivariate exploratory approach and the Recurrent Neural Network method were used to evaluate the relationship between the movement kinematics and the judges’ scores. The complete dataset consisted of movement kinematic data and judgment scores of a total of N = 173 trials of three different skills and routines from women’s artistic gymnastics. Results: The results exhibit a significant relationship between the predicted score and the actual score for six of the twelve model calculations. The different model variants yielded a different prediction performance in general across all skills and also in terms of the different skills. In particular, only the Recurrent Neural Network model exhibited significant correlation values between the actual and the predicted scores for all three investigated skills. Conclusion: The results were discussed in terms of the differences of the models as well as the various factors that might play a role in the evaluation process.

scholarly journals Determination of the Material Relative Permittivity in the UHF Band by Using T and Modified Ring Resonators

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Jankowski-Mihułowicz ◽  
Wojciech Lichoń ◽  
Grzegorz Pitera ◽  
Mariusz Węglarski
Keyword(s):  
Relative Permittivity ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Ring Resonators ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Electronic Products ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Permittivity Measurements ◽  
Uhf Band

Abstract The complete methodology of designing T- and modified ring resonators in the UHF band are presented in the paper. On the basis of proposed algorithms, the dedicated software tool has been elaborated in order to determine material parameters of contemporary substrates. The program is implemented in the Mathcad environment and it includes the base of information on known materials used in electronic products. Also, test sample series for selected substrate materials (IS680, FR408, I-SPEED PCB ISOLA and A6-S LTCC FERRO) and operating frequencies from 1 GHz to 3 GHz are analyzed in details. The special test stand with a vector network analyzer has been applied in experiments. The obtained data of relative permittivity measurements and model calculations are described, discussed and concluded.

Developing an Urban Residential District Plan Competition Assessment System for China

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1815-1818
Author(s):  
Xiao Peng Zhang ◽  
Bo Yang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
The Status ◽  
Residential District ◽  
Sustainability Assessment Tools ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of this research is to combine the sustainability evaluation system of China and put forward a sustainability assessment system based on urban residential district plan competition program. In this research, the status quo of the evaluation process was studied. As the core of the research, the establishment of URDPAS complements the assessment technology of residential district plan competition. The existing area scale sustainability assessment tools were analyzed. With the application of ANP method to determine the evaluation items and weighting system in urban residential district plan, decision-makers can use this evaluation process and assessment system to assess the residential district plans more comprehensively and rationally than using traditional methods and the selection of the best plan becomes relatively easier.

PRECISE TESTS OF e-μ UNIVERSALITY

1992 ◽  
Vol 07 (36) ◽  
pp. 3357-3364 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOSHIO NUMAO
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Weak Interactions ◽  
Branching Ratio ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
The Status

The status of experimental tests of electron-muon universality in weak interactions is reviewed. The average of the new measurements of the π+→e+ν branching ratio, R ave =Γ(π→eν+π→eνγ)/Γ(π→μν+π→μνγ)=(1.2312±0.0037)×10−4, is consistent with standard model calculations R th =(1.234±0.001)×10−4 and confirms the hypothesis of electron-muon universality at the 0.2% level.

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