scholarly journals Fermentation time difference of nixtamalized horse dent corn (Zea mays var. indenata) by Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium brevis as source of natural folic acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 911 (1) ◽  
pp. 012065
Author(s):  
Agustine Susilowati ◽  
Aspiyanto ◽  
Yati Maryati ◽  
Hakiki Melanie ◽  
Puspa Dewi N. Lotulung
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Yellow Corn ◽  
Dent Corn

Abstract Bifidobacterium sp. as microbes has potential role in fermentation of nixtamalized horse dent corn (Zea mays var. indentata) to degrade complex components into folic acid-rich corn biomass. Fermentation process on both nixtamalized yellow corn and white corn by Bifidobacterium brevis and Bifidobacterium bifidum as substrat of A, B, C and D were conducted at concentration of corn folic acid inoculum 40% (w/w) and 37 °C for 0, 8, 16, and 24 hours, respectively. Based on dissolved protein yielded, the experiment result showed that the best result of optimization in fermentation of both nixtamalized yellow corn (biomass B) and white corn (biomass D) was achieved by using inoculum of B. bifidum for 16 hours with composition of folic acid of 213.58 and 297.72 μg/mL, total solids of 21.14 and 21.07%, dissolved protein of 0.42 and 0.39 mg/mL, reducing sugars of 34.2 and 37.8 mg/mL, total sugars of 104.7 and 98.6 mg/mL, total acids of 0.37 and 0.44%, N-amino of 0.28 and 0.26 mg/g, and pH 4.82 and 4.49, respectively. In this condition, biomass of B. and biomass of D indicated domination of folic acid monomer with molecular weight (MW) 442.29 and 442.59 Dalton (Da.) at relative intensity 100%, particles size of 1115.1 nm and 1075.7 nm, and particle index of 0.827 and 0.849, respectively. Meanwhile, volatile compounds were dominated by 2,3-butanediol of 4.46 and 10.65%, palmitic acid of 7.63 and 8.26%, octadecenoic acid of 6.31 and 9.5%, lactic acid of 2.37% and 0.53%, respectively.

scholarly journals Modification process in nixtamalization of folic acid-rich dent corn (Zea mays identata) and its identification as smart food fortificant

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 01017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustine Susilowati ◽  
Puspa Dewi Lotulung ◽  
Yati Maryati ◽  
Aspiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Relative Intensity ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Initial Material ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Modification Process ◽  
Dent Corn

A modification on nixtamalization process of dent corn (Zea mays identata) was conducted in order to recover natural folic acid-rich corn. Nixtamalization process on varieties of white dent corn and yellow dent corn subsequently were performed by steeping solution of Ca(OH)2 at concentrations of 0, 10, 20 and 30 % (w/w corn dissolved protein) for 18 hours, and boiling at 90 °C for 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. Result of research showed that concentration of Ca(OH)2 solution becoming more and more high and long boiling time increased both folic acid and reducing sugar, dropped total solids and total sugar, and fluctuated dissolved protein for both types of corn. Nixtamalization optimalization of white dent corn and yellow dent corn were achieved at combination of Ca(OH)2 20 % (w/w corn dissolved protein) for 60 minutes of boiling and Ca(OH)2 30 % for 30 minutes of boiling and gave folic acid of 466.81 and 506.74 μg/mL, respectively. In this condition, it is occurred an increase of folic acid 192.3 % (1.9 folds) and 139.89 % (1.4 folds) when compared to initial material of corn. Identification on folic acid monomer and glutamic acid monomer of both nixtamalized dent corn and yellow dent corn at optimum operation condition displayed domination of folic acid monomer with molecular weight (MW) 442.56 Dalton (Da.) with relative intensity 25.51 %, and 441.73 Da. with relative intensity 100 %, while glutamic acid monomer of nixtamalized yellow dent corn and nixtamalized white dent corn were dominated by monomer with MWs of 148.27 Da. and 148.32 Da., and relative intensity 3.73 and 1.8 %.

scholarly journals Changes in folate characteristics and its identification in broccoli (Brassica oleracea Italica) extract fermented by Lactic Acid Bacteria Mixed Culture (LAB)

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 04001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yati Maryati ◽  
Agustine Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Total Sugars

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea Italica) was fermented by cultures of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as a potential source of natural folic acid. This study aimed to evalte characteristic changes and to identify folate compounds from broccoli extract, fermented by mixed LAB cultures (L. bulgaricus, S. thermophulus, L.acidophilus, Bd. bifidum). The formulation of broccoli extract was fermented with variation of LAB starter culture with concentrations of 10 and 20%(v/v), and the change of characteristic of folic acid compound during fermentation (0 to 48 hours) with an interval of 8 hours was evaluated. The results showed that the fermentation of broccoli extract with different concentration of LAB culture had an effect on the concentration of folic acid produced, as well as the change of concentration of folic acid during the fermentation time interval. The optimum condition was obtained based on the highest folic acid concentration of 6.74%, at culture concentration of 20% during 24 hour fermentation with the value of folic acid concentration of 72.11 μg/mL, pH value of 4.29, total sugars of 34.61%, total acids of 0, 97%, dissolved protein of 14.64 mg/mL and total LAB of log 13.02 + 0.05 cfu / ml.

Effects of Herbicides on Weeds and Sweetcorn (Zea mays) Grown on Coarse-Textured Soils

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 608-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Ogg ◽  
S. Drake
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Golden Jubilee ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

Alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide] at 3.4 kg/ha, EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) + R-25788 (N,N-diallyl-2,2-dichloroacetamide) at 4.5 + 0.4 and 9.0 + 0.8 kg/ha, vernolate (S-propyl dipropylthiocarbamate) + R-25788 at 4.5 + 0.4 and 9.0 + 0.8 kg/ha, metolachlor [2-chloro N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide] at 1.7 and 3.4 kg/ha, and metolachlor + procyazine {2-[[4-chloro-6-(cyclopropylamino)1,3,5-triazine-2-yl] amino]-2-methylpropanenitrile} at 1.3 + 1.3 kg/ha were preplant incorporated. These herbicides controlled 95% or more of the barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.], common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), Powell amaranth (A. powellii S. Wats.), and yellow foxtail [Setaria lutescens (Weigel) Hubb.] without injuring sweetcorn (Zea mays L. ‘Golden Jubilee’) or reducing corn yields or quality. Similar results were obtained with preplant incorporated applications of butylate (S-ethyldiisobutylthiocarbamate) + R-25788 at 4.5 + 0.2 kg/ha followed by a postemergence application of the amine salt of 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] at 0.6 kg/ha. Metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] at 0.3 and 0.6 kg/ha and metribuzin + alachlor at 0.6 + 2.2 kg/ha applied preplant and incorporated reduced corn stands, primary ear production, and corn yields significantly. None of the herbicides significantly affected total sugars, reducing sugars, soluble solids, moisture content, or succulence of the corn.

PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF HONEYS CONSUMED BY THE ELDERLY

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lusmarina Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Aline Marques Monte ◽  
Rafael Gomes Abreu Bacelar ◽  
Guilherme Antonio Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Aline Maria Dourado Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Foreign Matter ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Significant Contamination ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Microbiological Analyses ◽  
Current Standards

Objective: to analyze physicochemical, microbiological and dirt parameters in marketed honeys, consumed by the elderly cared for at Integrated Health Center in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Method: the following analyses were performed: color, water activity, humidity, ash, pH, acidity, reducing sugars, total sugars, apparent sucrose and insoluble solids. Contamination indicator bacteria, mesophilic microorganisms, filamentous fungi and yeasts, as well as dirt and foreign matter, performed in the period from April to June 2016. Results: analyses of ash, pH, acidity and insoluble solids were outside current standards. Microbiological analyses did not present significant contamination. Also, analyses of dirt showed insect fragments, foreign matter in almost all the samples. Conclusion: parameters of ash, pH, acidity and insoluble solids, as well as dirt and foreign matter, indicated that the samples were not in accordance with current legislation. 

Monthly variation and impact of pollution on the nutritional value of Moringa oleifera (Lam.) Leaves

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 5535
Author(s):  
Sachin Umesh Dubey ◽  
Madhu Kanta Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Monthly Variation ◽  
Vehicular Pollution ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Moringa oleifera Lam., commonly found tree in sub-Himalayan tracts of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan has a high nutrition value. The leaves, flowers and immature pods of Moringa are used as a vegetable in many countries. The leaves are highly nutritious and medicinal in nature. They are a rich source of iron, calcium, vitamin A, vitamin C, proteins, and essential amino acids. Hence Moringa leaves can be a good source of protein for the vegetarians and the under-nourished population. Present investigation deals with the study of monthly variation in the nutritional value of Moringa leaves from the month of June 2015 to January 2016. Impact of urban sewage pollution and roadside vehicular pollution on the amount of reducing and total sugars, chlorophylls (a, b and total), proteins, vitamin-C and pH of the leaves, was also studied. Results revealed that the highest amounts of reducing sugars, total sugars, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll during October 2015 whereas proteins, chlorophyll a, vitamin C and pH were highest during January 2016. Leaf samples collected from all the study sites exhibited minimum amounts of reducing sugars, chlorophylls (a, b and total) and pH during July 2015 whereas total sugars were lowest during December 2015. Proteins and vitamin C values were lowest during August and June 2015 respectively. Sewage and vehicular pollution showed an adverse effect on the nutritional contents of Moringa oleifera leaves. Of the two polluted sites, samples from near the sewage flow showed higher impact.

scholarly journals Measuring antioxidant activity in yellow corn (Zea mays L.) inbreds from three different geographic regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwan-Hee Bae ◽  
Gibum Yi ◽  
Young Sam Go ◽  
Jun Young Ha ◽  
Yuchan Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Kernel Color ◽  
Nutritional Components ◽  
Yellow Corn ◽  
Corn Inbred ◽  
Corn Kernels

AbstractCorn (Zea mays L.) provides a major source of calories for human consumption and therefore, the nutritional components of corn have a large impact on human health. For example, corn kernels contain antioxidants, such as polyphenols (including anthocyanins and other flavonoids) and carotenoids. Such compounds represent useful targets for biofortification breeding. In this study, we used 34 corn inbred lines from three different regions (East Asia, Southern Asia, and subtropical regions) and 11 F1 hybrids derived from the inbreds to investigate antioxidant activity in yellow corn. We compared different methods for measuring antioxidant activity to test their consistency and to determine whether color could be used as an indicator of antioxidant activity. We also measured carotenoid levels in yellow corn. No difference in antioxidant activity was detected between inbred corn lines from temperate vs. tropical regions. We determined that carotenoid is a major contributor to antioxidant activity in yellow corn and that kernel color, especially yellowness, could be used as an indicator of antioxidant activity in yellow corn. These findings lay the foundation for the biofortification of yellow corn by providing information about the correlations among kernel color, carotenoid contents, and antioxidant activity and by identifying an easy method to assess antioxidant activity in yellow corn.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Physico-Chemical, Nutritional, Mineral, Functional and Phytochemical Analysis in Functional and Nutraceutical Marked Cereals

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
. Shilpa ◽  
Sangita Sood ◽  
Farhan Mohiuddin Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Insoluble Fibre

The present research was done to analyse the physico-chemical, Nutritional, Mineral, functional and phytochemical analysis in Functional cereals; oats, pearl millet, sorghum and finger millet. The protein content of the analyzed cereals varied from 7.45% to 14.69% with oats having higher concentration of protein content. The higher fibre content in oats accounted for its highest WAC while as the lowest fibre content in sorghum (2.35%) masked its WAC despite containing the highest carbohydrate content. Neutral detergent fiber that gives the measurement insoluble fibre was found highest in sorghum (11.29%) and lowest in pearl millet (5.56%). Total sugars comprising of reducing and non reducing sugars were found highest in pearl millet (2.88%) followed by sorghum (2.14%) and the least content was found in finger millet (1.69%). Oats were found to possess highest content of phosphorus (381.02mg/100g) and finger millet the lowest (8.21mg/100g). Resistant starch that is inaccessible to enzymes was found highest in oats (2.69g/100g) and lowest in sorghum (1.74g/100g).

Production and Characterization of Exopolysaccharides from Loss Cooked Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) by Lactobacillus Plantarum

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Robert Germain Beka ◽  
Emmanuel Akdowa Panyoo ◽  
Germaine Yadang ◽  
Pamela Homsi ◽  
Laurette Blandine Mezajoug Kenfack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Titrable Acidity ◽  
Lactic Acid Content

The aim of the work was to produce and characterize the exopolysaccharides from loss cooked sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) using fermentation with Lactobacillus. The cooked sweet potato was fermented according to the factorial design with the following factors: the time (21.51h-38.48h) and the amount of Lactobacillus (1.58*106-5*106UFC). Responses were represented by production yield, pH, and titrable acidity. Characterization of the exopolysaccharides was then done by determination of total sugars, solubility index and viscosity. The results show that the pH of unfermented cooked potatoes was between 6.23 to 6.63. The pH of fermented potatoes varies from 3.96 to 4.06. The lactic acid content was found from 7.75 to 9.9% for the fermented samples. The production yields are 1.90% for the samples fermented for 21.5 hours with 3.5*106UFC of bacteria and 5.62% for those fermented for 30 hours with the same volume of inoculum. The average viscosity of the products was 4mPas regardless of the fermentation time. Chemical characterization indicates glucose contents of 68.21 and 94.01% in fermented potato for 24h and 21h respectively. The solubility index gives values of 70.3 ± 0.16 and 88.11 ± 0.23 for fermentation times of 21h and 24h respectively. Results of this work indicated that cooked sweet potatoes ferment for 21h was a promising substrate for production of exopolysaccharides.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document