scholarly journals Tests of mechanical properties of semicrystalline and amorphous polymeric materials produced by 3D printing

2019 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 06003
Author(s):  
Piotr Sikora ◽  
Adam Gnatowski ◽  
Rafał Gołębski

The article presents the results of tests of physical properties of samples from semi-crystalline and amorphous polymeric materials produced using 3D printing. Samples were produced using 3D printing technology on the SIGNAL -ATMAT printer. The following polymeric materials were used to make the samples: TPU thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, Laywood, PET ethylene terephthalate, PLA poly (lactic acid). The materials were tested for their mechanical properties. The hardness was determined by the Shore method and the ball-pressing method. The tensile strength also was determined. The research samples were subjected to visual analysis on a Keyence microscope to analyze the breakthrough site.

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-348
Author(s):  
Adam Gnatowski ◽  
Rafał Gołębski ◽  
Piotr Sikora

A comparative analysis of the thermomechanical properties of semicrystalline and amorphous polymeric materials was carried out. Samples were produced by using a 3D printing technology on the SIGNAL printer - ATMAT. The following polymeric materials were used to make the samples: TPU-thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, ABScopolymer acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, Nosewood, PET-ethylene terephthalate, PLA-poly (lactic acid). The research included a thermal analysis of the dynamic properties (DMTA) of manufactured materials.


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (Suppl. 4) ◽  
pp. 1211-1216
Author(s):  
Adam Gnatowski ◽  
Agnieszka Kijo-Kleczkowska ◽  
Henryk Otwinowski ◽  
Piotr Sikora

A comparative analysis of thermal properties of semi-crystalline and amorphous polymeric materials was carried out. Samples were produced using 3D printing technology on the SIGNAL-ATMAT printer. The following polymeric materials were used to make the samples: thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, acryloni-trile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, Laywood, ethylene terephthalate, poly (lactic acid). The materials were tested for their thermal and mechanical properties. The research included the analysis of thermal properties by differential scanning calorimetry of manufactured materials. The tensile strength also was determined.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1034 ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
B. Ramanjaneyulu ◽  
N. Venkatachalapathi ◽  
G. Prasanthi

Binary and ternary blends of poly lactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and tapioca cassava starch (TCS) were prepared by the help of melt blend method. Rheological and mechanical properties of the prepared blends were studied. Rheological properties were studied using capillary Rheometer, shear rate, shear stress, the non-Newtonian index, were determined .Mechanical properties were studied in terms of tensile properties, stress at break, strain at break and Young's modulus have been determined by help of Universal Test Machine (UTM-3969).The results shows the ternary blends reveals shear-thinning behavior, over the range of the studied shear rates where the true shear rate of the blend decreases while increasing the shear rate. It also found that the true viscosity of the blend decreases with increased ABS content.


Technologies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Ray Noel Medina Delda ◽  
Rex Balisalisa Basuel ◽  
Rodel Peralta Hacla ◽  
Dan William Carpiano Martinez ◽  
John-John Cabibihan ◽  
...  

The fabrication of robots and their embedded systems is challenging due to the complexity of the interacting components. The integration of additive manufacturing (AM) to robotics has made advancements in robotics manufacturing through sophisticated and state-of-the-art AM technologies and materials. With the emergence of 3D printing, 3D printing materials are also being considered and engineered for specific applications. This study reviews different 3D printing materials for 3D printing embedded robotics. Materials such as polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), flexible photopolymers, silicone, and elastomer-based materials were found to be the most used 3D printing materials due to their suitability for robotic applications. This review paper revealed that the key areas requiring more research are material formulations for improved mechanical properties, cost, and the inclusion of materials for specific applications. Future perspectives are also provided.


2019 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 256-261
Author(s):  
Jun Wen ◽  
Qiong Zhang ◽  
Zhi Feng Zhu ◽  
Feng Wang

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) was modified by aluminum oxide (AL2O3), talcum powder, kaolin and CaCO3. ABS samples were printed by 3D printer after the ABS silk was made. Then the mechanical properties, morphology, melt flow rate were studied in this article. AL2O3 has the best enhancement effect on ABS than other particles, and the melt flow rate was improved when content of AL2O3 less than 10%.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Shkundalova ◽  
Arvydas Rimkus ◽  
Viktor Gribniak

Additive manufacturing and modern printing technologies using polymeric materials extend the limits of industrial production and encourage applying 3D printing technique in many fields. An item of any shape and size limited only by the printing pad of particular equipment can be reproduced from a variety of materials. Polymers is the object of this research. It is known that mechanical properties of the printed elements are closely related with the manufacturing technology and vary significantly depending on the chosen production parameters such as printing temperature, velocity, and infill density. Depending on the purpose, a particular type of polymer can be used in structural analysis. This work considers mechanical properties of four thermoplastic polymeric materials widely used for prototyping: polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), and polyethylene terephthalate (PETG). The study is focused on two fundamental mechanical characteristics, tensile strength and modulus of elasticity, of the printed material. Dumbbell-shaped samples were made of the PLA, ABS, HIPS and PETG polymers using 3D printing technique with the same filling density (≈ 20%) of the entry level. The tensile tests were carried out in Laboratory of Innovative Building Structures at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University. The predominant effect of the printing direction on the mechanical properties of the printed materials was demonstrated in this study. The corresponding experimental characteristics are presented in the manuscript. Santrauka Modernūs gamybos procesai ir spausdinimo technologijos, naudojant polimerines medžiagas, plečia pramoninės gamybos ribas bei skatina taikyti 3D spausdinimo technologijas daugelyje sričių. Tokios technologijos leidžia gaminti bet kokios formos elementus iš įvairių medžiagų, o jų dydį lemia tik naudojamos spausdinimo įrangos galimybės. Pagrindinis šio tyrimo objektas – polimerinės medžiagos. Spausdintų elementų iš polimerinių medžiagų mechaninės savybės glaudžiai siejamos su gamybos technologija ir gali stipriai varijuoti keičiant gamybos proceso parametrus – spausdinimo temperatūrą, greitį, užpildo tankį. Polimero tipas kartu su jo mechaninėmis savybėmis parenkamas atsižvelgiant į konstrukcinį uždavinį. Šiame darbe nagrinėjamos plačiai prototipų gamyboje taikomų termoplastinių polimerinių medžiagų – polietileno rūgšties (PLA), akrilonitrilo butadieno stireno (ABS), polistireno (HIPS) ir polietileno tereftalato (PETG) – mechaninės savybės. Tyrime dėmesys skiriamas dviem pagrindinėms mechaninėms medžiagų charakteristikoms – tempiamajam stipriui ir tamprumo moduliui. Taikant 3D spausdinimo technologiją buvo pagaminti kaulo formos bandiniai iš PLA, ABS, HIPS ir PETG medžiagų. Bandinių užpildo tankis siekė ≈ 20 % paviršiaus spausdinimo sluoksnio tankio. Elementų tempimo bandymai atlikti Inovatyvių statybinių konstrukcijų laboratorijoje Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitete. Šiame tyrime buvo parodyta spausdinimo krypties įtaka spausdintų medžiagų mechaninėms savybėms. Taip pat pateiktos eksperimentiškai nustatytos polimerinių medžiagų mechaninės savybės.


Robotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Elena Rubies ◽  
Jordi Palacín

This paper proposes the design and 3D printing of a compact omnidirectional wheel optimized to create a small series of three-wheeled omnidirectional mobile robots. The omnidirectional wheel proposed is based on the use of free-rotating passive wheels aligned transversally to the center of the main wheel and with a constant separation gap. This paper compares a three inner-passive wheels design based on mass-produced parts and 3D printed elements. The inner passive wheel that better combines weight, cost, and friction is implemented with a metallic ball bearing fitted inside a 3D printed U-grooved ring that holds a soft toric joint. The proposed design has been implemented using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and tough polylactic acid (PLA) as 3D printing materials in order to empirically compare the deformation of the weakest parts of the mechanical design. The conclusion is that the most critical parts of the omnidirectional wheel are less prone to deformation and show better mechanical properties if they are printed horizontally (with the axes that hold the passive wheels oriented parallel to the build surface), with an infill density of 100% and using tough PLA rather than ABS as a 3D printing material.


2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Rodrigues Dos Santos ◽  
Isla Kalleny Marques Brandão ◽  
Mateus Silva Sant'Ana ◽  
Pedro Henrique dos Santos Alves ◽  
Rana Mayeli Piêgas Taborda ◽  
...  

The present paper proposes the study of the behavior of three thermoplastic materials: acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), and polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PETG), processed by additive manufacturing type fused deposition modelling (FDM) when exposed to low vacuum. The experiment was composed of three moments consisting of tridimensional modeling and manufacturing of the specimens, drying process and vacuum exposure for 24 hours, according to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D6653/D6653M standards, and bending test for the determination of mechanical properties, based on ASTM D790 standards. The vacuum chamber tests exposed oscillations in the pressure indicating gases releasing from the specimen, but none of the samples showed visible deformations. Subjecting the materials exposed to low vacuum to bending tests and comparing them to the unexposed material, we observed a significant increase in the calculated modulus of elasticity and a change in the slope of graphic force versus deflection in all materials. This behavior demonstrates that it is possible to submit polymeric materials to vacuum, and low vacuum exposure can be a treatment for thermoplastic materials. In the future, a study using a spectrometer will be necessary to verify which gases are present during pressure oscillation in the chamber, thus making it possible to understand which factor has increased the mechanical properties of the materials. In sequence, experiments will be necessary to validate the vacuum exposure as a form of treatment of materials and to verify the possibility of applying thermoplastics commonly used in additive manufacturing for low-impact space applications.


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