scholarly journals Field investigation of slab deterioration due to carbonation in a concrete building

2019 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 10001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni B. Araya ◽  
Stephen Ekolu ◽  
Fitsum Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Residential Building ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Half Cell ◽  
Cell Potential ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Concrete Building ◽  
Test Cover ◽  
Story Building ◽  
Non Destructive

This paper presents an investigation on a deteriorated slab of a two-story building located in Johannesburg, South Africa. The structure has been in use as a residential building for more than 60 years. The top slab of the first floor was delaminated and reinforcement bars were severely corroded. Condition assessment of the building was done using the Schmidt hammer test, cover-meter survey and half-cell potential measurements. In addition to the non-destructive tests done, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were also conducted on the deteriorated concrete.

scholarly journals Corrosion Behavior of Pre-Rusted Rebars in Cement Mortar Exposed to Harsh Environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8705
Author(s):  
Gankhuyag Burtuujin ◽  
Dasom Son ◽  
Indong Jang ◽  
Chongku Yi ◽  
Hyerin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Half Cell ◽  
Cell Potential ◽  
X Ray

Rebar embedded inside reinforced concrete structures becomes corroded due to various factors. However, few studies have focused on the corrosion of pre-rusted rebar embedded in cement composites, and the findings reported thus far are inconsistent. Therefore, in this study, an experimental program was undertaken to examine the effect of pre-rusting on the further corrosion of reinforcements in cement composites. Pre-rust was induced using two different solutions (CaCl2 and HCl). The corrosion rate in the cement composite was analyzed using the half-cell potential and polarization resistance methods. In addition, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to examine the morphology of the rust. The results show that the corrosion rate of the rebar embedded in the cement composite can be increased by more than 3.8 times depending on the pre-rust conditions (RE: 0.0009 mm/year, HCl: 0.0035 mm/year). In addition, we found that the corrosion products in the pre-rusted layer were comparable to those of the rebar corroded in the marine atmosphere.

Highlights in the history of X-ray topography1

1995 ◽  
Vol 210 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Domain ◽  
Diffraction Theory ◽  
Dislocation Loops ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dislocation Sources ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractX-ray topography provides a non-destructive method of mapping point-by-point variations in orientation and reflecting power within crystals. The discovery, made by several workers independently, that in nearly perfect crystals it was possible to detect individual dislocations by X-ray diffraction contrast started an epoch of rapid exploitation of X-ray topography as a new, general method for assessing crystal perfection. Another discovery, that of X-ray Pendellösung, led to important theoretical developments in X-ray diffraction theory and to a new and precise method for measuring structure factors on an absolute scale. Other highlights picked out for mention are studies of Frank-Read dislocation sources, the discovery of long dislocation helices and lines of coaxial dislocation loops in aluminium, of internal magnetic domain structures in Fe-3 wt.% Si, and of stacking faults in silicon and natural diamonds.

scholarly journals Energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) for operando materials characterization within batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (37) ◽  
pp. 20972-20989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy C. Marschilok ◽  
Andrea M. Bruck ◽  
Alyson Abraham ◽  
Chavis A. Stackhouse ◽  
Kenneth J. Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Materials Characterization ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
System Level ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Characterization

This review highlights the efficacy of EDXRD as a non-destructive characterization tool in elucidating system-level phenomena for batteries.

X-Ray Diffraction and Barkhausen Noise Diagnostics of Thick Welds Prepared by Metal Active Gas and Laser Welding

2016 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 113-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Kolařík ◽  
Nikolaj Ganev ◽  
Karel Trojan ◽  
Ondřej Řídký ◽  
Lukáš Zuzánek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noise Analysis ◽  
Real Structure ◽  
Barkhausen Noise ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Rs Analysis ◽  
Noise Diagnostics ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Power Diode

Non-destructive methods for detection and measurement of residual stresses (RS) have been increasingly used in the last few years. The paper outlines the capability of Barkhausen noise analysis (BNA) for evaluation of real structure changes and RS on cross-section of welds due to welding of ferromagnetic plates compared with X-ray diffraction (XRD). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the RS distribution of specimens joined using by high power diode laser and metal active gas (MAG) welding that can be used for quantitative analysis of macro and micro level RS separately. The principal advantages of BNA over XRD as a tool for RS analysis and real structure characterisation are that it is mobile, faster with more facile carrying out and hence BNA is frequently used for continuous monitoring of RS in industrial processes.

Standardisation of X-Ray Powder Diffraction Methods

2004 ◽  
Vol 443-444 ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Giovanni Berti ◽  
Rob Delhez ◽  
S. Norval ◽  
B. Peplinski ◽  
E. Tolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technical Committee ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Standard Documents ◽  
And Control ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Research Centres

This paper outlines the standardisation process for the XRPD method that is currently being considered by a Working Group (WG10) of Technical Committee 138 "Non-destructive Testing" of the European Committee for Standardisation CEN. Several Standard Documents are on the verge of being released. These documents concern the general principles of (X-ray) diffraction, its terminology, and the basic procedures applied. Another document concerns the instruments used and it offers procedures to characterise and control the performance of an X-ray diffractometer properly. It is intended to issue Standard Documents on specific methods, e.g. determination of residual stresses. In fact work is in progress on this subject. The Standard Documents can be used by industry, government organisations, and research centres with activities related to safety, health and the environment, as well as for educational purposes.

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