scholarly journals Selections of donors depending on agronomic traits, seed yield components, and fatty acid profile for genetic improvement of Carthamus using stepwise multiple regression

OCL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Ahmed A.M. Yassein ◽  
Ahmed E.A. Khalaf ◽  
Adel A.A. Mohdaly ◽  
Mohamed H.H. Roby
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
Seed Index

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is of potential interest to agriculture due to mainly variability of fatty acid composition of seeds oil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate various exotic genotypes of safflower for agronomic traits, components of seed yield and fatty acid content. For this purpose, plant height (cm), number of first, second and third branches/plant, seed yield/plant (g), thousand-seed weight (g), oil content (%), and composition of fatty acid were investigated. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to develop fitted equation to predicate seed yield/plant. Analysis of variance of agronomic traits showed high differences among genotypes. Although the safflower oil genotype K2 had the highest oil seed content (42.8%), K13 obtained the highest percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Highest oleic type of safflower oil has been found in K13 and K26, which can be used as a source oil quality for plant breeding. Heritability as broad sense was high and ranged from 82% in number of secondary branches (NSB) and number of third branches (NTHB) to 99% in seed index (1000 seeds weight) and oil content. High genetic advance was found in plant height (PH), seed yield/plant (SYP) and 1000-seed weight, estimated at 43.41 cm, 21.34 g and 17.62 g, respectively. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that, 99.2% of the total variation in seed yield/plant could be explained by variation in yield of secondary (YSB) branches, yield of first branches (YFB), yield of third branches (YTHB), plant height (PH) and spiny as dummy variable. 23.56% of the total variation in seed oil percent could be explained by variation in yield of first branches (YFB), seed index and spiny as dummy variable. The information detected here may be a useful tool for the selection of parents in safflower breeding program.

Genetic variability in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
R. K. Gupta ◽  
V. K. Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
The Mean

The data were recorded on five random selected plants for 12 quantitative characters and statistical analyzed. The analysis of variance for all the twelve characters is showed the mean square due to genotypes was highly significant. The mean values of various characters like days to 50 per cent flowering were recorded maximum for genotype IC560719 and Pusa Karishma (84.00 days)with mean 69.08 days The maximum days to 75% maturity were observed in IC-560700 genotype (142.00 days) with a mean of 135.07 days. The plant height highest recorded in the genotype IC-560696 (217.60 cm) with mean of 188.14 cm. The maximum number of primary branches per plant (16.47) was recorded in the genotype NPJ-113 with mean of 10.13. The genotype NPJ-113 produced maximum number of secondary branches per plant (35.47) with mean of 19.78. The maximum length of siliqua was recorded for Kranti (7.03) with mean of 5.24cm. The maximum number of seeds per siliqua was recorded in Kranti genotype (19.13) with mean value 14.91. The maximum 1000-seed weight recorded 5.57g for Pusa Jai Kisan with mean wt. 3.96 g. Pusa Mustard-21 produced highest biological yield (191.13g) with mean 79.00g. The genotype Pusa Jagannath had maximum harvest index (30.98%) with mean value 23.87%. The oil content in mustard maximum in 42.00 % were recorded in Pusa Agrani with mean oil content was 39.16 percent. The genotype Pusa Mustard-21 showed highest seed yield per plant (47.00g) with a mean seed yield of 18.58. The higher heritability estimates in broad sense for biological yield per plant (99.6%), number of primary branches per plant (91.4%), number of secondary branches per plant (98.4) plant height (99.2%), 1000-seed weight (99.4%) and days to 50 per cent flowering (98.5). Expected genetic advance at 5% selection intensity was recorded higher for biological yield per plant (71.60) and number secondary branches per plant (10.87).

EFFECT OF SEEDING RATE ON PLANT AND SEED CHARACTERISTICS OF NEW FLAX CULTIVARS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 791-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS ◽  
E. O. KENASCHUK
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Number ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Seed Characteristics

Five flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) cultivars, Dufferin, McGregor, Linott, NorLin and NorMan were grown in the field in 1985, 1986 and 1987 at seeding rates of 200, 400, 600 and 800 seeds m−2. Averaged over all cultivars and years, as seeding rate increased from 200 to 800 seeds m−2, maturity was hastened 2.1 d, seed weight decreased 0.16 g 1000−1 seeds, oil content decreased 0.6%, iodine number decreased 1.3 units and volume weight was not markedly changed. Lodging increased and basal branching decreased from 1.68 to 0.18 branches per plant as seeding rate increased. Plant height increased 0.6 cm from the 200 to the 400 seeds m−2 rate then decreased 1.8 cm from the 400 to the 800 seeds m−2 rate. Seed yield increased from 110 to 124 g m−2 as seeding rate increased from 200 to 600 seeds m−2, then decreased to 121 g m−2 at 800 seeds m−2. Although yields of the five cultivars varied somewhat in their response to seeding rate and year, most yielded near optimum at the 600 seeds m−2 seeding rate.Key words: Flax, Linum usitatissimum L., seeding rate, lodging

Influence of Some Mutant Genes on Certain Agronomically Important Traits in Sunflower

Helia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (64) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. V. Vedmedeva ◽  
A. I. Soroka
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Mutant Genes

AbstractDuring two growing seasons there were studied 11 sunflower breeding lines and their 30 analogues obtained via backcrossing, chemical mutagenesis and selected as natural mutants. The variability of such agronomic traits as crop yield, seed oil content, 1,000 seed weight, plant height, leaf and petiole size, number of leaves and branches, and head diameter was investigated. The traits of crop yield, leaf size, number of branches were the most variable, whereas the most stable were 1,000 seed weight, seed oil content, plant height, and the number of leaves. The influence of mutant genes which control ray flower color and shape, leaf color and shape, dwarfness, number of leaves and ray flowers, and shape of bracts on the manifestation of important agronomic traits was estimated. No negative impact of the genes of ray flower color and shape and leaf color was noticed. The gene of fringed leaf margin reduced plant height while the gene of erect petiole increased development of that trait. The genes of dwarfness can negatively influence seed oil content and 1,000 seed weight.

scholarly journals Estimation of broad-sense heritability and variance components for seed yield and agronomic traits in native and exotic safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Tahernezhad ◽  
Jalal Saba ◽  
Mehrshad Zeinalabedini ◽  
Seyyed Safid Pourdad ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ghaffari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Number Of Seeds

This study was conducted to estimate broad-sense heritability and variance components for seed yield and some agronomic traits in 100 safflower genotypes. The experiments were carried out in two years at two locations in Iran. The number of seeds per capitol and harvest index had the highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), respectively. The estimated broad-sense heritability for plant height, days to physiological maturity, 1000-seed weight, days to flowering, number of seeds per capitol, number of capitols per plant and seed yield were 86, 76, 74, 70, 68, 44 and 16%, respectively. It was found that plant height, days to physiological maturity, 1000-seed weight, days to flowering and number of seeds per capitol were the least influenced by the environment. The number of capitols per plant and seed yield were most affected by the environment.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Co-Efficient Analysis for Agronomic Traits in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2010 ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
AI Saki ◽  
MA Zaman ◽  
M Tuhina-Khatun ◽  
MM Kamal ◽  
Hasina Begum
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Forty genotypes of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) were studied in a field experiment conducted at the experimental field of BARI, Joydebpur, during the year 2004-2005. Significant genetic variations were observed among the genotypes for days to flower, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield per plant. The highest genotypic variability was observed in number of seeds per pod and seed yield, followed by number of pods per plant and branches per plant, whereas days to maturity showed the lowest genotypic co-efficient of variability. In all cases, phenotypic variances were higher than the genotypic ones. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for seed yield per plant, pods per plant, 100-seed weight and dry weight per plant, which indicates that selection could be effective for these traits. Considerable heritability was observed in pod length, seeds per pod and days to flowering. The results showed that seed yield per plant had positive and significant relation with branches per plant and pods per plant. Number of pods per plant were positively correlated with branches per plant but negatively correlated with plant height and days to first flowering. Weight of 100-seed had significant and positive correlation with days to first flowering, dry weight per plant and pod length but had negative correlation with pods per plant and seeds per pod. Days to first flowering, pod length, pods per plant, dry weight per plant had direct effect on yield. Therefore, days to first flowering, pods per plant, pod length, branches per plant and dry weight per plant are found the important characters which could be used in selection for yield.

scholarly journals VARIATION AND RELATIONSHIPS OF AERIAL YIELD, MORPHO-AGRONOMIC TRAITS AND ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION IN DOMESTIC POPULATIONS OF Ziziphora tenuior IN IRAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Reza Moradi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Alizadeh ◽  
Eslam Majidi Hervan ◽  
Parvin Salehi Shanjani ◽  
Shahab Khaghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
Essential Oil Production

The present study was carried out to evaluate aerial yield, agronomic traits, essential oil production, and their relationships in 21 populations of Ziziphora tenuior in Karaj, Iran over two years (2016–2017). The experimental layout was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data were collected for GDD (Growth Degree Days), plant height, canopy area, stem number, flower number, aerial fresh yield, aerial dry matter (DM) yield, seed yield, essential oil percentage and oil production. The essential oil compositions were detected in accession 2929 (Tassoj) using GC/MS. Result of combined analysis of variance across two years showed significant differences between years, populations and population x year interaction for all traits (P < 0.01). In comparisons among populations, the population of Avaj and Ijroud with average values of 13.5 and 14.33 g/p had higher aerial dry yield and other agronomic traits followed by Meshkin2 and 3. For seed yield, Ormieh with average values of 3.11 g/p had higher production. For oil content, the populations of Tassoj, Salmas and Sharkord with average values of 1.25 to 1.56% had higher oil content and essential oil production. Result of correlation analysis showed that DM yield was positively correlated with GDD, plant height, canopy area, stem number, flower number. Oil content was negatively correlated with aerial DM yield. The results of PCA analysis showed that the first four components accounted for 50, 20, 12 and 10% of the total variation, respectively. Plant height, canopy area, stem number, flower number and aerial yield in the PCA1, essential oil content and oil production in the PCA2, seed yield in the PCA3 and GDD in PCA4 components were identified as important traits. Using Ward cluster method, the 21 populations were grouped into 3 clusters. In total, 23 compounds were identified in the essential oil from the aerial parts Z. tenuior. The major components in the essential oil were pulegone ranged (47.54 to 65.26%) followed by neo-iso-dihydro carveol, carvacrol, piperitenone, limonene, 1.8-cineole, p-mentha-3,8-dien, alpha-terpinene and terpinen-u-ol. It was concluded that there were wide range of variations for agronomic trait and essential oil in domestic germplasm of Z. tenuior to improved breeding new varieties in Iran.

EFFECTS OF ARTIFICIAL DEFOLIATION ON SUNFLOWERS

1959 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Sackston
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Removal ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
One Year ◽  
Seed Yields

Sunflowers were defoliated artificially to various degrees at three stages of growth to simulate the effects of rust and other foliage diseases. Complete defoliation at the flowering stage was most injurious. It reduced seed yield by 88 to 93 per cent in all five years of the experiment. It also reduced plant height at maturity in one of two years in which heights were recorded, and it reduced weight of 200 seeds, and oil content and protein content of the seed. Removal of 50 per cent of each leaf at flowering reduced seed yield by 22 to 30 per cent, and reduced plant height, but did not cause other statistically significant reductions. Removal of all leaves on the upper half of the stem reduced yield and 200-seed weight significantly.Complete defoliation of seedlings reduced seed yields significantly in two years and reduced plant height in one year. Complete defoliation of maturing plants reduced seed yield significantly in one year. Partial defoliation (50 per cent and 25 per cent) of seedlings and maturing plants produced no significant effects.The results of artificial defoliation should be useful in evaluating damage caused by insects and by hail as well as the effects of foliage diseases.

scholarly journals Genetic advance and regression analysis in sunflower

Genetika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 1075-1087
Author(s):  
Milan Jockovic ◽  
Sinisa Jocic ◽  
Slaven Prodanovic ◽  
Sandra Cvejic ◽  
Jelena Jockovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Head Diameter

The knowledge about the magnitude and nature of variability that is present in a breeding population is an important prerequisite for designing efficient breeding programme in order to improve the yield potential of genotypes. The objective of this research was to evaluate heritability and genetic advance of important quantitative traits in new crosses of sunflower as well as to evaluate ratio of dominant and recessive genes in parental genotypes. The plant material selected for this research consisted of 6 sunflower genotypes, which according to literary data possess important characteristics for the production of sunflower. According to presented results there is significant variability of evaluated quantitative traits. Phenotypic variance was higher than genotypic demonstrating strong environment effect in expression of traits. The broad sense heritability was found very high for plant height (83.25%), high for 1000 seed weight (69.33%), moderate for seed yield/plant (46.53%) and head diameter (56.89%), while low for oil content (29.35%). Genetic advance expressed as a percentage of the mean ranged between 2.23% and 19.96%. Placement of array points displayed that the highest frequency of dominant genes for seed yield/plant, 1000 seed weight and head diameter was found in parental genotype Rodnik. Position of expected line of regression pointed over dominance in inheritance for seed yield/plant, oil content and head diameter, while for 1000 seed weight and plant height additive gene action played role in inheritance suggesting that selection in early generations for these traits will be effective. By testing the coefficients of regression interallelic interaction was not determined.

Correlation and path coefficient analysis of seed yield and oil content in mustard (Brassica juncea)

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Singh ◽  
R. K. Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Path Coefficients ◽  
Component Traits

The present study was undertaken to determine the correlations and path coefficients between seed yield and its component traits and to assess the influence of different environments on 37 varieties of Brassica juncea L. Czern &Coss, grown under four different environments. Positive correlation of seed yield appeared with secondary branches, plant height, and seed weight, and only in environment 4 with seeds per pod. However, with oil content, seed yield was negatively correlated in two environments. Based on path analysis, secondary branches showed the maximum direct positive effects on seed yield followed by plant height. Considering these parameters and also the differences between lines having low and high levels of expression of seed yield and its components, it was concluded that for breeding model plant characters to maximise yield in B. juncea we should consider secondary branches, plant height, seed weight, and to some extent seeds per pod.

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