Altered Gene Expressions of Ghrelin, PYY, and CCK in the Gastrointestinal Tract of the Hyperphagic Intrauterine Growth Restriction Rat Offspring

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (03) ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Nagata ◽  
Y. Nakagawa ◽  
R. Yamaguchi ◽  
Y. Fujisawa ◽  
S. Sano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Rat Offspring ◽  
Altered Gene

scholarly journals Effect of intrauterine growth restriction on weight and cellularity of gastrointestinal tract in postnatal lambs

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Gao ◽  
Xianzhi Hou ◽  
Yingchun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Restricted Group

This study investigated the effect of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) during late pregnancy on weight and cellularity of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in postnatal lambs. Twenty-three Mongolian lambs were entered into the study. Their dams were mated at a synchronized estrus and divided into three groups offered 0.175 MJ ME kg-0.75 d-1 (Restricted Group 1, RG1), 0.33 MJ ME kg-0.75 d-1 (Restricted Group 2, RG2) and Control Group (CG, ad libitum access to feed) during their late pregnancy (90 d), respectively. The lambs were slaughtered at birth (neonatal lambs) and at 28 wk of age. The neonatal abomasum weight, jejunum weight and length, abomasum and jejunum DNA content, and the reticulum protein:DNA ratio were lower for RG1 than those of CG (P < 0.05). At 28 wk of age, there were no significant difference in the weights and lengths of jejunum and the weight of abomasum in the lambs among RG1, RG2 and CG (P > 0.05). However, the rumen and omasum weight, and omasum DNA content were lower for RG1 than for CG (P < 0.05). For the jejunum, the protein:DNA ratios in RG2 were significantly higher than those of CG (P < 0.05). These changes in the weight and cellularity of the GIT may have significant implications on postnatal growth and health. Key words: Intrauterine growth restriction, postnatal lambs, gastrointestinal tract, weight, cellularity

Altered gene expression patterns in intrauterine growth restriction: Potential role of hypoxia

2007 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 70.e1-70.e6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathal McCarthy ◽  
Finbarr E. Cotter ◽  
Suzanne McElwaine ◽  
Anne Twomey ◽  
Eoghan E. Mooney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Gene Expression Patterns ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Altered Gene Expression ◽  
Altered Gene

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Rat Offspring with Intrauterine Growth Restriction Induced by Reduced Uterine Perfusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Marcelo E. Rains ◽  
Colin B. Muncie ◽  
Yi Pang ◽  
Lir-Wan Fan ◽  
Lu-Tai Tien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Rat Offspring ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Uterine Perfusion

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and is worldwide associated with delayed neurodevelopment. The exact mechanism involved in delayed neurodevelopment associated with IUGR is still unclear. Reduced uterine perfusion (RUP) is among the main causes of placental insufficiency leading to IUGR, which is associated with increases in oxidative stress. This study investigated whether oxidative stress is associated with delayed neurodevelopment in IUGR rat pups. Pregnant rats were exposed to RUP surgery on gestational day 14 to generate IUGR rat offspring. We evaluated offspring’s morphometric at birth, and neurodevelopment on postnatal day 21 (PD21) as well as markers of oxidative stress in plasma and brain. Offspring from dams exposed to RUP showed significant (p < 0.05) lower birth weight compared to controls, indicating IUGR. Motor and cognitive deficits, and levels of oxidative stress markers, were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated in IUGR offspring compared to controls. IUGR offspring showed significant (p < 0.05) negative correlations between brain lipid peroxidation and neurocognitive tests (open field and novel object recognition) in comparison with controls. Our findings suggest that neurodevelopmental delay observed in IUGR rat offspring is associated with increased levels of oxidative stress markers.

scholarly journals Intrauterine growth restriction inhibits cell proliferation within the subventricular zone and white matter of rat offspring

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Rhodes Campbell ◽  
Baoying Zheng ◽  
Norma B Ojeda ◽  
Thomas P Royals ◽  
Philip G Rhodes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Rat Offspring

Intrauterine growth restriction combined with a maternal high-fat diet increased adiposity and serum corticosterone levels in adult rat offspring

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. Zinkhan ◽  
B. Yu ◽  
C. W. Callaway ◽  
R. A. McKnight
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Serum Corticosterone ◽  
Regular Diet ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Rat Offspring

AbstractIntrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and fetal exposure to a maternal high-fat diet (HFD) independently increase the risk of developing obesity in adulthood. Excess glucocorticoids increase obesity. We hypothesized that surgically induced IUGR combined with an HFD would increase adiposity and glucocorticoids more than in non-IUGR offspring combined with the same HFD, findings that would persist despite weaning to a regular diet. Non-IUGR (N) and IUGR (I) rat offspring from dams fed either regular rat chow (R) or an HFD (H) were weaned to either a regular rat chow or an HFD. For non-IUGR and IUGR rats, this study design resulted in three diet groups: offspring from dams fed a regular diet and weaned to a regular diet (NRR and IRR), offspring rats from dams fed an HFD and weaned to a regular diet (NHR and IHR) and offspring from dams fed an HFD and weaned to an HFD (NHH and IHH). Magnetic resonance imaging or fasting visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue collection occurred at postnatal day 60. IHH male rats had greater adiposity than NHH males, findings that were only partly normalized by weaning to a regular chow. IHH male rats had a 10-fold increase in serum corticosterone levels. IHH female rats had increased adiposity and serum triglycerides. We conclude that IUGR combined with an HFD throughout life increased adiposity, glucocorticoids and triglycerides in a sex-specific manner. Our data suggest that one mechanism through which the perinatal environment programs increased adiposity in IHH male rats may be via increased systemic glucocorticoids.

Pathological features of the sequence in pregnant women with delayed fetal growth

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
V.O. Golyanovskiy ◽  
◽  
Ye.O. Didyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Infection And Inflammation

Pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) have an increased risk of adverse perinatal and long-term complications compared with the birth of children with normal body weight. Thus, IUGR is one of the main challenges for the global health system, especially in poor and developing countries. Morpho-functional studies of the placentas help in determining the causes of IUGR, and therefore, timely prevent complications in pregnant women with IUGR. The objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate various morphometric and pathomorphological changes in the placenta, including inflammatory, in cases of IUGR, and to establish a correlation of these results with the etiology and complications for the fetus. Materials and methods. In the current study, 54 placentas of the fetuses with IUGR (the main group) were compared with 50 placentas of the fetuses with normal development (control group). The criteria for the inclusion of IUGR were gestational age more than 30 weeks and all fetuses with a weight less than 10th percentile for this period of pregnancy. The placenta material was studied pathomorphologically with laboratory screening for infection and inflammation. Similarly, the results were determined for placentas of the fetuses with normal development compared to placentas with IUGR. Results. The placenta study showed the presence of calcification in the case of IUGR, as well as in the case of prolonged pregnancy. However, calcification of the placenta in the case of IUGR was more progressive compared with placenta in the normal pregnancy. In addition, the presence of intrauterine infection and inflammation was observed, which could also lead to an adverse outcome for the further progression of pregnancy with IUGR. Conclusion. A comparative macro- and microscopic pathomorphological study of the placentas in the two groups has shown a significant increase in the pathological changes in all the anatomical structures of the fetuses with IUGR. Key words: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), fetal weight, pathomorphological changes of the placenta.

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