scholarly journals Assessment of Length of Maternal Cervix between 18 and 24 weeks of Gestation in a Low-Risk Brazilian Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 647-652
Author(s):  
Soraya Andrade ◽  
Fernando Andrade ◽  
Edward Araujo Júnior ◽  
Cláudio Pires ◽  
Rosiane Mattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Ideal

Purpose To determine cervical biometry in pregnant women between 18 and 24 weeks of gestation and the ideal mode of measurement of cervical length in cases of curved and straight cervical morphology. Methods The uterine cervices of 752 low-risk pregnant women were assessed using transvaginal ultrasound in a prospective cross-sectional study. In women with straight uterine cervices, cervical biometry was performed in a continuous manner. In women with curved uterine cervices, the biometry was performed using both the continuous and segmented techniques (in segments joining the cervical os). Polynomial regression models were created to assess the correlation between the cervical length and gestational age. The paired Student t-test was used to compare measuring techniques. Results The cervical biometry results did not vary significantly with the gestational age and were best represented by linear regression (R2 = 0.0075 with the continuous technique, and R2 = 0.0017 with the segmented technique). Up to the 21st week of gestation, there was a predominance of curved uterine cervix morphology (58.9%), whereas the straight morphology predominated after this gestational age (54.2%). There was a significant difference between the continuous and the segmented measuring methods in all the assessed gestational ages (p < 0.001). Conclusion Cervical biometry in pregnant women between 18 and 24 weeks was represented by a linear regression, independently of the measuring mode. The ideal measuring technique was the transvaginal ultrasound performed at a gestational age ≥21 weeks.

Reference range of fetal myocardial area by three-dimensional ultrasonography and its applicability in fetuses of pre-gestational diabetic women

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Francisco Melo Júnior ◽  
Nathalie Jeanne Bravo-valenzuela ◽  
Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza ◽  
Alberto Borges Peixoto ◽  
Rosiane Mattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Myocardial Area ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objective To determine the reference range for the myocardial area in healthy fetuses using three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography and validate these results in fetuses of pregnant women with pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods This cross-sectional retrospective study included 168 healthy pregnant women between gestational weeks 20 and 33+6 days. The myocardial area was measured using spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC) in the four-chamber view. Polynomial regression models were used, and the goodness of fit of the models were evaluated by the coefficient of determination (R2). Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility was determined using the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). Validation was performed in 30 pregnant women with pre-gestational DM. Results There was a strong correlation (R2=0.71, P<0.0001) between myocardial area and gestational age. There was good intra- and inter-observer reproducibility, with a CCC of 0.86 and 0.83, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in the mean myocardial area between healthy fetuses and fetuses of women with pre-gestational DM (0.11 cm2, P=0.55). Conclusion The reference range was determined for the myocardial area in fetuses, and there was no significant difference in this variable between healthy fetuses and the fetuses of women with pre-gestational DM.

The comparison of USG measured cervical length in pregnant women with previous induced abortion versus those who have not had an induced abortion

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4024
Author(s):  
Harshita Naidu ◽  
Nivedita Hegde ◽  
Anjali M. ◽  
Rohini Kanniga ◽  
Akhila Vasudeva
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Spontaneous Preterm Delivery ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Background: The majority of women who undergo induced abortion are young and of low parity. Hence, it is desirable to look for any association effects of induced abortion with future reproductive outcomes. In this study, we aim to compare ultrasound measured cervical length in pregnant women with previous induced abortion versus those who have not had an induced abortion.Methods: This was a prospective observational study performed at tertiary care hospital. Total of 400 patients were recruited, divided into two groups. Patients with an induced abortion in previous pregnancy were included as cases and those with no history were taken as controls. Cervical length was measured by transvaginal ultrasound in all participants at 11-14, 18-22 and 28-32 weeks. Pregnancies were followed up to note incidence of spontaneous preterm delivery, preterm pre labour rupture of membranes (PPROM), threatened preterm, and second trimester miscarriage.Results: Authors have found that there was no significant difference in the cervical length of pregnant patients with or without a history of prior induced abortions.  In our study authors found that mean cervical length at 11-14weeks, 18-22 weeks, and 28-32 weeks was 3.47±0.126cm and 3.48±0.195cm; 3.44±0.296cm and 3.49±0.182cm; 3.36±0.477cm and 3.42±0.310cm respectively among cases and controls. However, there was a demonstrably increased risk of spontaneous preterm delivery, PPROM and threatened preterm in patients with a history of prior induced abortion.Conclusions: Authors conclude that previous induced abortion increases the risk of threatened preterm, PPROM, spontaneous preterm delivery in the subsequent pregnancy. But, this risk is not predictable by measuring cervical length as the mean cervical length remained the same in both the groups.

Prevalence of Lower Back Pain in Pregnant Women with Pre-Eclampsia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2773-2776
Author(s):  
Parveen Shafi ◽  
Rahim Khan ◽  
Tariq Ahmad ◽  
Syed Alam Zeb ◽  
Ahsan Sajjad
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Domestic Work ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of lower back pain in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration: Mardan Medical Complex/BKMC, Tahseel Headquarter Hospital, Takht Bhai Mardan, Swabi Medical Complex /GKMC, from October 2019 to October 2021. Methods: Total 160 pregnant women were presented in this study. Patients were aged between 18-45 years. Detailed demographics of enrolled cases age, body mass index, gestational age, and residency and education status were calculated after taking informed written consent. Patients were divided into two groups. Group I had 80 patients with pre-eclampsia and group II had 80 patients with normotensive. Gravidity among both groups was assessed. Symptoms and prevalence of lower back pain among both groups were assessed and compared. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 version. Results: Mean age of the patients in group I was 27.09±5.66 years with mean gestational age 33.14±7.41 weeks while in group II mean age was 26.55±8.26 years with mean gestational age 32.47±8.33 weeks. Thirty seven patients (46.3%) in group I was primigravida and 40 (50%) in group II was primigravida. Thirty nine patients (48.8%) had urban residency in group I and in group II thirty seven (46.3%) cases were from urban area. Frequency of literacy among both groups were 42 (52.5%) and 44 (55%). Prevalence of lower back pain in group I was 55 (68.8%) higher as compared to group II 53 (66.3%) with no any significant difference. Domestic work was the most common cause among both groups followed by social work (Job), lifting of heavy object and medication pain. Conclusion: We concluded in this study the prevalence of lower back pain among pregnant women was significantly high among both pre-eclampsia and normotensive cases. Most common causes of lower back among women was domestic work. Health professionals must be proactive in diagnosing LBP and providing proper management due to the enormous impact of it on the quality of life. Keywords: Pregnant Women, Low Back Pain, Prevalence, Symptoms, causes.

Prediction of Preterm Delivery by Late Cervical Length Measurement after 24 Weeks

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Papastefanou ◽  
Athanasios Pilalis ◽  
Makarios Eleftheriades ◽  
Athena P. Souka
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spontaneous Preterm Delivery ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Objective: To examine the value of the cervical length (CL) measurement at 24-30 gestational weeks in the prediction of spontaneous preterm delivery (SPD) between 30 and 34 weeks (SPD34) and between 34 and 37 weeks (SPD37). Methods: We performed a prospective cross-sectional study. CL was measured once by transvaginal ultrasound examination between 24 and 30 weeks. Results: The study sample consisted of 1,180 low-risk singleton pregnancies. 10 women (0.85%) had a SPD34 and 60 (5.08%) had a SPD37. CL was shorter (p < 0.001) in the women who had a SPD34 (median 11 mm) compared to the women who delivered after 34 weeks (median 31 mm). CL was shorter (p < 0.001) in the women who had a SPD37 (median 22 mm) compared to the women who delivered after 37 weeks (median 31 mm). CL predicted SPD34 (OR = 0.837, R2 = 0.2768, AUC = 0.9406, p < 0.001) and SPD37 (OR = 0.907, R2 = 0.1085, AUC = 0.7584, p < 0.001). The model achieved a sensitivity of 70.0 and 38.3% for 10% false-positive rate for SPD34 and SPD37, respectively. Conclusions: CL after 24 weeks is significantly shorter in women destined to have a SPD. In low-risk singleton pregnancies CL performs very well in predicting SPD34 and adequately in predicting SPD37.

scholarly journals Reference Ranges for Ultrasonographic Measurements of the Uterine Cervix in Low-Risk Pregnant Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (09) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kleber Andrade ◽  
Thaísa Bortoletto ◽  
Cristiane Almeida ◽  
Renan Daniel ◽  
Heloísa Avo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
T Test ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Reference Curves ◽  
Dependent Samples

Objective To define transvaginal ultrasound reference ranges for uterine cervix measurements according to gestational age (GA) in low-risk pregnancies. Methods Cohort of low-risk pregnant women undergoing transvaginal ultrasound exams every 4 weeks, comprising measurements of the cervical length and volume, the transverse and anteroposterior diameters of the cervix, and distance from the entrance of the uterine artery into the cervix until the internal os. The inter- and intraobserver variabilities were assessed with the linear correlation coefficient and the Student t-test. Within each period of GA, 2.5, 10, 50, 90 and 97.5 percentiles were estimated, and the variation by GA was assessed with analysis of variance for dependent samples. Mean values and Student t-test were used to compare the values stratified by control variables. Results After confirming the high reproducibility of the method, 172 women followed in this cohort presented a reduction in cervical length, with an increase in volume and in the anteroposterior and transverse diameters during pregnancy. Smaller cervical lengths were associated with younger age, lower parity, and absence of previous cesarean section (C-section). Conclusion In the studied population, we observed cervical length shortening throughout pregnancy, suggesting a physiological reduction mainly in the vaginal portion of the cervix. In order to better predict preterm birth, cervical insufficiency and premature rupture of membranes, reference curves and specific cut-off values need to be validated.

scholarly journals In Vivo Measurement of Cervical Elasticity on Pregnant Women by Torsional Wave Technique: A Preliminary Study

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (15) ◽  
pp. 3249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Massó ◽  
Antonio Callejas ◽  
Juan Melchor ◽  
Francisca S. Molina ◽  
Guillermo Rus
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
Torsional Wave ◽  
Cervical Ripening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Induction Failure

A torsional wave (TW) sensor prototype was employed to quantify stiffness of the cervix in pregnant women. A cross-sectional study in a total of 18 women between 16 weeks and 35 weeks + 5 days of gestation was performed. The potential of TW technique to assess cervical ripening was evaluated by the measurement of stiffness related to gestational age and cervical length. Statistically significant correlations were found between cervical stiffness and gestational age ( R 2 = 0.370 , p = 0.0074 , using 1 kHz waves and R 2 = 0.445 , p = 0.0250 , using 1.5 kHz waves). A uniform decrease in stiffness of the cervical tissue was confirmed to happen during the complete gestation. There was no significant correlation between stiffness and cervical length. A stronger association between gestational age and cervical stiffness was found compared to gestational age and cervical length correlation. As a conclusion, TW technique is a feasible approach to objectively quantify the decrease of cervical stiffness related to gestational age. Further research is required to evaluate the application of TW technique in obstetric evaluations, such as prediction of preterm delivery and labor induction failure.

scholarly journals The Clinical Value of 3D Ultrasonic Measurement of the Ratio of Gestational Sac Volume to Embryo Volume in IoT-Based Prediction of Pregnancy Outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Tiantian Li ◽  
Lichun Zhang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Bo Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurement ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gestational Sac

The objective of the research study is to investigate the use of three-dimensional ultrasonic measurement technology, to determine the size of gestational sac and embryo volume, and to use the ratio of gestational sac volume to embryo volume in IoT-based prediction of pregnancy outcome. The abnormal and normal pregnancy identifiers are there, which assists in prediction of pregnancy outcomes: whether the pregnancy is normal or may suffer pregnancy loss during first trimester. For the observational study, 500 singleton pregnant women who made an appointment for delivery in Qiqihar Hospital from January 2015 to June 2019 were considered. The 500 pregnant women received transvaginal ultrasound at 6+0 ∼ 8+0 weeks of gestational age to measure gestational sac volume (GSV), yolk sac volume (YSV), and germ volume (GV). According to pregnancy outcome, they were divided into fine group (n = 435) and abortion group (n = 65). Among the 500 cases, 435 had normal delivery and 65 had abortions. According to the results of gestational age (GA) analysis, the pregnancy success rates at 6 (n = 268), 7 (n = 184), and 8 weeks (n = 48) were 85.8%, 87.5%, and 91.7%, respectively. Comparison of pregnancy failure rate among the three groups shows statistically significant difference. The morphology of germ, yolk sac, and gestational sac cannot be used as a predictor of pregnancy outcome in various degrees. The results of multivariate Cox proportional regression analysis show the following: the ratio of germ volume (GV) to gestational sac volume (GSV) ( P = 0.008 ) has an impact on the prediction of spontaneous abortion prognosis, showing statistically significant difference; yolk sac volume (YSV), germ volume (GV), and gestational sac volume (GSV) have no effect on the prediction of spontaneous abortion prognosis ( P > 0.05 ). The ratio of GSV to germ volume has a strong prognostic value for pregnancy results. To a certain extent, the ratio of gestational sac volume to germ volume can predict spontaneous pregnancy abortion at 6th week of gestation, providing a theoretical basis for clinical ultrasound pregnancy examination indicators.

scholarly journals Symphysio-Fundal Height Nomogram In Ultrasound Dated Pregnancies

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Stephen Mador ◽  
Stephen Daniel Pam ◽  
Ishaya Chuwang Pam ◽  
Josiah Turi Mutihir ◽  
Godwin Ichenu Adoga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Height Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nigerian Women ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Fundal height measurements in centimeters have always been an objective method of evaluating fetal growth in pregnancy. The accepted Mcdonald's rule refers primarily to Caucasians regrettably. Since fundal height may actually vary in an anthropological sense it was considered necessary to apply Mcdonald's rule to African subjects to see whether there is any significant difference. The aim of this study is to construct symphysio-fundal height nomogram for normal pregnant Nigerian women. Material & Methods: In a cross sectional mode, four hundred and five pregnant Nigerian women were studied to examine how their fundal height values compared with those in the literature. A regression equation was derived for the 10th and 90th centiles. Values outside the range of 10 – 90th centiles are to be used for the prediction of small-for-dates and large-for-dates babies respectively. The prediction formulae for the various centiles derived from regression analysis and their usefulness in clinical anthropological practice using fundal height measurement are highlighted. Results: The study demonstrated a significant difference in fundal height values of Nigerian women especially in late pregnancy compared with other published values in the literature. A positive linear correlation between symphysio-fundal height and fetal gestational age was found in Nigerians with a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9962 (p<0.001). The relationship is best described by the second order polynomial regression equation y = – 0.0024x2 + 1.1255x – 1.8334 where y is the symphysio-fundal height in centimeters while x is the gestational age in weeks. Conclusion: Symphysio-fundal height chart is a valuable tool for assessing fetal growth in the antenatal clinic in as much as it is cautiously constructed for a given population and the same method of measurement is strictly adhered to by different observers in the same organization. Key Words: Fundal Height; Predictive formulae; Nigerian women DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i2.3138Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 1 (2010) 64-67

scholarly journals Cervical Length and Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 Level in Endocervix of Spontaneous Preterm Labor

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 2019-2023
Author(s):  
Suwardewa TGA ◽  
Ketut Suwiyoga ◽  
Nyoman Mantik Astawa ◽  
Ketut Surya Negara
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Motor Disabilities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level

Preterm labor is one of the critical obstetrics issue until now, due to high risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), sepsis, and even death towards the preterm newborn babies. For those surviving preterm babies, they are facing lifetime disabilities such as blindness, deafness, mental retardation, and motor disabilities. Preterm labor is hard to prevent due to the unknown definite etiology. Early cervical maturation due to inflammation is hypothesized to be the triggering factor of preterm labor mechanism. To investigate the correlation between cervical length and matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8) in the endocervix of spontaneous preterm labor case. This research was conducted with analytical cross-sectional study. Samples were pregnant women with gestational age between 20 until 36 weeks and 6 days with preterm labor in the Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, which were obtained in October, 1st 2014 until January 2015. Samples were collected consecutively. The length of the cervix was measured by transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS), and the level of MMP-8 was evaluated with ELISA in the Veterinary Laboratory of Udayana University. This study shows that age, parity, gestational age, hemoglobin, white blood cell, platelet and neutrophile count were having p value > 0.05 for all parameters, which means that there was no significant difference between two groups. The high level of MMP-8 in the endocervix (≥4.3920 ng/ml) is the risk factor for short cervical length by 4 fold, compared to the low MMP-8 level (PR = 4,00; 95% CI = 1,07-14,90; p=0,006) . In the spontaneous preterm labor, the shorter cervical length has higher level of uterine endocervical MMP-8.

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