Locoregional Therapies for the Treatment of Hepatic Metastases from Breast and Gynecologic Cancers

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common women's malignancy in the United States and is the second leading cause of cancer death. More than half of patients with breast cancer will develop hepatic metastases; this portends a poorer prognosis. In the appropriately selected patient, there does appear to be a role for curative (surgery, ablation) or palliative (intra-arterial treatments) locoregional therapy. Gynecologic malignancies are less common and metastases to the liver are most often seen in the setting of disseminated disease. The role of locoregional therapies in these patients is not well reported. The purpose of this article is to review the outcomes data of locoregional therapies in the treatment of hepatic metastases from breast and gynecologic malignancies.

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Interventional Oncology Approach to Hepatic Metastases

Seminars in Interventional Radiology ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1719189 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 (05) ◽

pp. 484-491

Author(s):

Cathal O'Leary ◽

Michael C. Soulen ◽

Susan Shamimi-Noori

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Liver Function ◽

Interventional Oncology ◽

Hepatic Metastases ◽

Locoregional Therapy ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Curative Intent ◽

Locoregional Therapies ◽

Metastatic Liver

AbstractMetastatic liver disease is one of the major causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Locoregional therapies offered by interventional oncologists alleviate cancer-related morbidity and in some cases improve survival. Locoregional therapies are often palliative in nature but occasionally can be used with curative intent. This review will discuss important factors to consider prior to palliative and curative intent treatment of metastatic liver disease with locoregional therapy. These factors include those specific to the tumor, liver function, liver reserve, differences between treatment modalities, and patient-specific considerations.

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Breast Cancer in Young Women

10.2310/cgso.16020 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Lisa A Newman

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Young Women ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Breast Conserving Surgery ◽

The United States ◽

Population Based ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Disease Stage ◽

Locoregional Therapy ◽

Key Words Breast

The perception that breast cancer in young women is a growing problem in the United States is based on the fact that young women represent a demographic that has enlarged substantially over the past few decades. Population-based data actually reveal relatively stable incidence rates for breast cancer among women in the premenopausal age range. Young women are more likely to be diagnosed with biologically aggressive phenotypes such as triple-negative and HER2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer. Outcomes are optimized by treatment plans focusing on disease stage and targeted to phenotype. Locoregional therapy for breast cancer in young women should be based on patient preferences and disease pattern (as in older patients); young women with breast cancer can be managed safely with breast-conserving surgery. This review contains 3 figures, 2 tables, and 50 references. Key Words: breast cancer, fertility, ovarian suppression, premenopausal, young women; triple negative breast cancer

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Utility of Different Immunohistochemical Stain for Diagnosis of Invasive Breast Cancer

International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Invention ◽

10.18535/ijmsci/v5i4.03 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 3729-3733

Author(s):

Dujuan Wang ◽

Li Chen ◽

Lihua Zeng ◽

Shuzhen Han

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Prognostic Markers ◽

Clinical Pathology ◽

Cancer Death ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Immunohistochemical Stain ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Positive Rate ◽

Early Diagnostic

Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that seriously affects females’ physical health, which is the leading cause of cancer death among Chinese female. Estimating early diagnostic and prognostic markers are helpful to conduct treatment for patients with breast cancer. Accumulating investigations focused on the role of Jab1 and S100A8 proteins in the development and metastasis. In our study, we performed the immunohistochemical stain for Jab1 and S100A8 in breast carcinoma and para-carcinoma samples. We have found that the positive rate of Jab1 and S100A8 in breast cancer was higher than that in para-carcinoma tissues. The expression level of Jab1 and S100A8 in breast cancer might have a close relationship with the histologic grade and lymphatic metastasis. The two proteins might be promising supplementary targets for the treatment and prognosis of breast cancers in clinical pathology.

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Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Is a Feasible Palliative Locoregional Therapy for Breast Cancer Liver Metastases

International Journal of Surgical Oncology ◽

10.1155/2010/251621 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sung W. Cho ◽

Krit Kitisin ◽

David Buck ◽

Jennifer Steel ◽

Adam Brufsky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Liver Metastases ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization ◽

Hepatic Metastases ◽

Median Number ◽

Locoregional Therapy ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Arterial Chemoembolization

Background. Liver metastases are common in advanced breast cancer. We sought to evaluate the role of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in breast cancer patients with hepatic metastases.Methods. A retrospective review of ten patients with breast cancer who were treated with TACE for unresectable liver metastases (1998–2008).Results. All patients, median age 46.5, had received prior systemic chemotherapies. Adriamycin was administered for 6, cisplatin/gemcitabine for 2, cisplatin for one and oxaliplatin for one patient. Median number of TACE cycles was 4. Kaplan Meier survival analysis showed an increase in median survival for patients who responded to treatment when compared to those who did not respond (24vs7 months,P=.02).Conclusions. This is one of the largest series of breast cancer patients with liver metastases treated with TACE. It suggests that TACE is a feasible palliative option and warrants further investigations.

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Breast Cancer Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network ◽

10.6004/jnccn.2005.0015 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 238 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

United States ◽

Lung Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Mortality ◽

The United States ◽

Cancer Death ◽

Cancer Society ◽

The Past ◽

Recent Version ◽

Common Malignancy

The American Cancer Society estimates that approximately 217,440 new cases of breast cancer will have been diagnosed in the United States in the year 2004 and approximately 40,580 patients will die of this disease. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women in the United States and is second only to lung cancer as a cause of cancer death. The incidence of breast cancer has increased steadily in the United States over the past few decades, but breast cancer mortality appears to be declining. This suggests a benefit from early detection and more effective treatment. For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org

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Liver cancer: A leading cause of cancer death in the United States and the role of the 1945–1965 birth cohort by ethnicity

JHEP Reports ◽

10.1016/j.jhepr.2019.05.008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 162-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Paulo S. Pinheiro ◽

Karen E. Callahan ◽

Patricia D. Jones ◽

Cyllene Morris ◽

Justine M. Ransdell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Liver Cancer ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

The United States ◽

Cancer Death

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Role of Locoregional Treatment in De Novo Stage IV Breast Cancer

Clinical Medicine Insights Oncology ◽

10.1177/1179554920942440 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 117955492094244

Author(s):

Joanna S Lee ◽

Osman Toktas ◽

Atilla Soran

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

United States ◽

De Novo ◽

Stage Iv ◽

The United States ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Primary Systemic Therapy ◽

Locoregional Treatment ◽

Stage Iv Breast Cancer

It is estimated that approximately 154000 women in the United States have stage IV breast cancer (BC). A subset of this group has metastatic disease at presentation, known as de novo stage IV disease. De novo stage IV BC accounts for approximately 6% of all BC diagnoses in the United States. Traditionally, stage IV BC patients are treated with primary systemic therapy with a palliative intent reserving possible locoregional treatment (LRT) as last resort. There has been a lot of interest in the role of LRT in de novo stage IV BC for the past decade with mixed conclusions. Although this review is not intended to be a comprehensive overview of all literature regarding this topic to date, we will review the recent findings in literature focusing on the studies with larger sample sizes to investigate the role of LRT in de novo stage IV BC.

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The Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Developing Successful Therapeutic and Secondary Prophylactic Breast Cancer Vaccines

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines8030529 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 529 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Benjamin Gordon ◽

Vijayakrishna K. Gadi

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Tumor Microenvironment ◽

Cancer Vaccines ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

New Combination ◽

Breast Carcinomas ◽

Therapeutic Vaccines ◽

Combination Strategies ◽

Disseminated Disease

Breast cancer affects roughly one in eight women over their lifetime and is a leading cause of cancer-related death in women. While outcomes have improved in recent years, prognosis remains poor for patients who present with either disseminated disease or aggressive molecular subtypes. Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of several cancers, with therapeutic vaccines aiming to direct the cytotoxic immune program against tumor cells showing particular promise. However, these results have yet to translate to breast cancer, which remains largely refractory from such approaches. Recent evidence suggests that the breast tumor microenvironment (TME) is an important and long understudied barrier to the efficacy of therapeutic vaccines. Through an improved understanding of the complex and biologically diverse breast TME, it may be possible to advance new combination strategies to render breast carcinomas sensitive to the effects of therapeutic vaccines. Here, we discuss past and present efforts to advance therapeutic vaccines in the treatment of breast cancer, the molecular mechanisms through which the TME contributes to the failure of such approaches, as well as the potential means through which these can be overcome.

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The Role of Locoregional Therapy in Inflammatory Breast Cancer

Seminars in Oncology ◽

10.1053/j.seminoncol.2007.11.009 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 78-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Wendy A. Woodward ◽

Thomas A. Buchholz

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Inflammatory Breast Cancer ◽

Locoregional Therapy

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Prognostic Influence of Residual Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Subtype After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2021.636716 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Jesse Lopes da Silva ◽

Lucas Zanetti de Albuquerque ◽

Fabiana Resende Rodrigues ◽

Guilherme Gomes de Mesquita ◽

Priscila Valverde Fernandes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽

Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Clinical Stage ◽

Residual Tumor ◽

Tissue Microarrays ◽

Curative Surgery

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the prevalence and prognostic role of tumor microenvironment (TME) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) through immunohistochemical characterization.MethodsThe internal database of the Brazilian National Cancer Institute for women diagnosed with TNBC who underwent NACT and thereafter curative surgery between January 2010 and December 2014 was queried out. Core biopsy specimens and tissue microarrays containing surgical samples of TNBC from 171 and 134 women, respectively, were assessed by immunohistochemistry for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD14, CD56, CD68, CD117, FOXP3, PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2. Immune cell profiles were analyzed and correlated with response and survival.ResultsMean age was 50.5 years, and most cases were clinical stage III [143 cases (83.6%)]. According to the multivariate analysis, only Ki67 and clinical stage significantly influenced the pattern of response to systemic treatment (p = 0.019 and p = 0.033, respectively). None of the pre-NACT IHC markers showed a significant association with event-free survival (EFS) or overall survival (OS). As for post-NACT markers, patients with high CD14 had significantly shorter EFS (p = 0.015), while patients with high CD3 (p = 0.025), CD4 (p = 0.025), CD8 (p = 0.030), CD14 (p = 0.015), FOXP3 (p = 0.005), high CD4/FOXP3 (p = 0.034), and CD8/FOXP3 (p = 0.008) showed longer EFS. Only high post-NACT CD4 showed significantly influenced OS (p = 0.038).ConclusionThe present study demonstrated that the post-NACT TIL subtype can be a determining factor in the prognosis of patients with TNBC.

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