ANABOLIC STEROID AND INTRAPULMONARY HEPARIN IN THE PREVENTION OF POSTOPERATIVE DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Zawilska ◽  
A Tokarz ◽  
P Psuja ◽  
P Szymczak ◽  
S Kawczyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Anabolic Steroid ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Deep Vein

150 patients over 40 years old undergoing major abdominal surgery were divided into 3 groups:1/ group I - receiving a single injection of long acting anabolic steroid /nandrolone phenylpropio-nate, 50 mg intramusculary/ a day prior to surgery 2/ gropup II - receiving the same dose of anabolic steroid plus a single dose of heparin /800 U/kg of body weight/ intrapulmonary a day prior to surgery 3/ group III - receiving only a single dose of heparin /800 U/kg of body weight/ intrapulmonary a day prior to surgery.The deep vein thrombosis /DVT/ was detected using the 125 I-fibrinogen test. The occurence of DVT was:in group I - 14%in group II - 4%in group III - 8%There were no detectable haemorrhagic complications in patients of group I and III, in 6% of patients of group II a sgliht increase of intraoperative bleeding and/or wound hematoma appeared.We conclude that prophylaxis of DVT in the postoperative period with the single dose of anabolic steroid and intrapulmonary heparin is an effective, safe and easy to handle procedure.

Mortality rates and risk factors for asymptomatic deep vein thrombosis in medical patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (01) ◽  
pp. 76-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Leizorovicz ◽  
Alexander Cohen ◽  
Alexander Turpie ◽  
Carl-Gustav Olsson ◽  
Samuel Goldhaber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Group I ◽  
Compression Ultrasound ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Deep Vein

SummaryThe clinical importance of asymptomatic proximal and distal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) remains uncertain and controversial. The aim of this retrospective,post-hoc analysis was to examine mortality and risk factors for development of proximal DVT in hospitalized patients with acute medical illness who were recruited into a randomized, prospective clinical trial of thromboprophylaxis with dalteparin (PREVENT).We analyzed 1738 patients who had not sustained a symptomatic venous thromboembolic event by Day 21 and who had a complete compression ultrasound of the proximal and distal leg veins on Day 21. We examined the 90-day mortality rates in patients with asymptomatic proximal DVT (Group I, N = 80), asymptomatic distal DVT (Group II, N = 118) or no DVT (Group III, N = 1540).The 90-day mortality rates were 13.75%, 3.39%, and 1.92% for Groups I–III, respectively. The difference in mortality between Group I and Group III was significant (hazard ratio 7.63, 95% CI = 3.8–15.3;p < 0.0001),whereas the difference between Groups II and III did not reach significance (hazard ratio 1.36, 95% CI = 0.41–4.45).The association of asymptomatic proximal DVT with increased mortality remained highly significant after adjusting for differences in baseline demographics and clinical variables. Risk factors significantly associated with the development of proximal DVT included advanced age (p = 0.0005), prior DVT (p = 0.001), and varicose veins (p = 0.04). In conclusion, the high mortality rate in patients with asymptomatic proximal DVT underscores its clinical relevance and supports targeting of asymptomatic proximal DVT as an appropriate endpoint in clinical trials of thromboprophylaxis.

Suppression of Mesangial-Cell Proliferation by Trapidil in Glomerulonephritis Induced by Anti-Thymocyte Serum in Rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 458-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Razzaque ◽  
M Cheng ◽  
T Taguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mesangial Cell ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Mesangial Cell Proliferation ◽  
Group Ii

Trapadil (Mochida Pharmaceuticals, Japan), an antiplatelet drug, suppresses the growth of several cell types and is thought to antagonize platelet-derived growth factor. The effects of trapidil on mesangial-cell proliferation in glomerulonephritis induced by anti-thymocyte serum in Wistar rats were investigated. Control rats were treated with phosphate-buffered saline (group I); group II rats were injected with a single dose of anti-thymocyte serum (8 ml/kg body weight), and group III rats were treated with both a single dose of anti-thymocyte serum (8 ml/kg body weight) and with trapidil (5 mg/kg body weight/day). Three rats in each group were killed on day 3, and the other three on day 10. Control rats showed no significant histological changes on day 3 or day 10. In group II, on day 3, there was a marked decrease in glomerular cell numbers, with mesangiolysis. Histologically severe mesangial-cell proliferation with expansion of mesangial areas was noted on day 10. None of the rats in group III showed mesangial alterations, histologically, indicating that mesangial-cell proliferation was suppressed by trapidil. This suppression may result from antagonism of the binding of platelet derived growth factor to the specific surface receptors in the mesangial cells. Trapidil may have clinical value in the treatment of mesangial-cell proliferative glomerular diseases.

Repeated Intraportal Injections of Subtherapeutic Islet Cell Isografts Restore Normoglycemia in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenio Morsiani ◽  
Jacek Rozga ◽  
Giovanni Dellagiacoma ◽  
Achilles A. Demetriou
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Normal Controls

Poor engraftment and consequent loss of β-cell mass could be one of the factors that are responsible for function loss after intraportal islet transplantation (Tx). Streptozotocin-diabetic rats were transplanted with syngeneic islets, which were injected into the portal vein via an indwelling catheter connected to a subcutaneous port. In Group I (n = 6), 1,000 islets were injected in a single dose into the liver. In Group II (n = 6), five doses of 200 islets were repeatedly injected over a period of 14 days, for a total of 1,000 islets. In Group III (n = 4), five decreasing doses of islets were injected over a period of 14 days, for a total of 750 islets. Nonfasting blood glucose (n-FBG) and body weight (b.wt.) were determined twice a week and an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed at 30 and 90 days. In Group I, n-FBG decreased in 2 wk from the time of first islet injection, averaging 110 ± 21.9 mg/dL at 1 mo (p < 0.05 vs. normal controls); this value was maintained throughout the 3-mo duration of the study. In Group II, n-FBG was normalized in 2 wk averaging 90.2 ± 25 mg/dL on day 12 (p = NS vs. normal controls) and 75.8 ± 14.6 mg/dL at 1 month (p = NS vs. normal controls); this value was maintained throughout the 3-mo duration of the study. In Group III, n-FBG decreased to normal values in 2 wk, averaging 77 ± 15.7 mg/dL at 1 mo (p = NS vs. normal controls), but normoglycemia was maintained for 40 days and then followed by a progressive increase. Only in Group II, KG (percent/min decline in glucose level) was not significantly different from that of normal controls (1.702 ± 0.531 at 1 mo and 1.676 ± 0.891 at 3 mo), while it was significantly lower than normal controls in both Group I and III animals. Body weight increase after Tx correlated with the number of transplanted islets and at 90 days, Group III rats showed less increase than Groups I and II (p < 0.05), while no significant differences in b.wt. were recorded between Group I and II. The findings indicate that intraportal islet Tx, injected repeatedly and in small doses, produced better metabolic effects than injection of the same total number of islets in a single dose. Copyright © 1997 Elsevier Science Inc.

Heparin Prophylaxis Combined with DHE or Dextran in HIP Operations

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.H. Schöndorf ◽  
U. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Chi Square ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Peridural Anaesthesia ◽  
Group I ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Fibrinogen Test ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Heparin Prophylaxis

162 elective hip operation patients were randomly allocated to: Group I: 5 000 U heparin injected s.c. 10 and 2 hours pre-operatively, then 8 hourly; Group II: heparin as above plus dextran 40 on three days; Group III: heparin as in group I combined with dihydroergotamine (DHE). The 125-I-fibrinogen test was routinely used for diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), when positive, phlebography was performed. DVT occurred in 8/55 patients in group I, in 9/54 in group II and in 2/53 in group III. (Chi-square test: I vs. III p = 0.054; II vs. III p = 0.028) . Pulmonary embolism (confirmed at autopsy) occurred in one patient in both group I and II.In the three groups, the intra-operative transfusions, wound blood loss at the pre- and post-operative haematocrit did not differ.Platelet aggregation was only significantly lowered in group II.Heparin/DHE were most effective in preventing thromboemboli, dextran infusions did not improve heparin prophylaxis.Peridural anaesthesia performed in 83 - 87% of patients in all groups led to no complications following pre-operative heparin.

scholarly journals Usefulness of D-dimer and Ultrasonography Screening for Detecting Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury Undergoing Rehabilitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 689
Author(s):  
Magdalena Mackiewicz-Milewska ◽  
Małgorzata Cisowska-Adamiak ◽  
Jerzy Pyskir ◽  
Iwona Świątkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Group I ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
D Dimer

Patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) are at an increased risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). This study aims at assessing usefulness of D-dimer and compressive Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) for detecting DVT in patients undergoing rehabilitation at various time-points post-SCI. One-hundred forty-five patients were divided into three groups based on time elapsed since SCI: I (≥3 weeks to 3 months), II (≥3 to 6 months), and III (≥6 months). On admission, D-dimer plasma level measurement and CDUS of the lower limbs venous system were performed. DVT was diagnosed using CDUS in 15 patients (10.3% of entire group), more frequently in group I (22.2% of group) and II (11.7%) compared to group III (1.5%). Most DVT patients received thromboprophylaxis (80%) and were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic (60%). Median D-dimer was elevated in patients with DVT from all groups, and also patients without DVT from groups I and II, but not group III. D-dimers were higher in patients with DVT than without DVT in the entire group (p = 0.001) and group I (p = 0.02), but not in groups II and III. The risk of DVT in SCI patients undergoing rehabilitation and thromboprophylaxis including asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic cases, is high within 6 months post-injury, and especially within 3 months. Measurement of D-dimer level should be complemented by routine CDUS for detecting DVT within 6 months post-SCI. Over 6 months, the usefulness of D-dimer screening alone is better for DVT detection.

SERIC ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME : AN ENDOTHELIAL CELL MARKER (application to thrombo-embolic pathology)

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Drouet ◽  
B Baudin ◽  
F Ch Baumann ◽  
J P Caen
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Group I ◽  
Blood Marker ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Deep Vein

As a blood marker of endothelium, we investigated the seric activity of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) at rest and after stimulation either by local venostasis or dDAVP infusion. dDAVP did not induce any significant change in ACE contrarily to venostasis. Searching for an endothelial abnormality implicated in the genesis of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) we applied the local venostasis test to patients affected by recurrent DVT. Patients, divided in 3 groups (group I : documented history of recurrent DVT, group II : only one DVT or recurrent superficial venous thrombosis, group III : history of arterial thrombo embolism), and controls were screened for ACE as well as for plasmatic fibrinolytic activity and von Willebrand factor (vWF) level. Two types of abnormalities of seric ACE activity were found : low basal level in group I and low response to venostasis in groups I and III : group II did not differ from controls. This suggests an endothelial lesion participating to the etiology of some recurrent DVT and supports the measurement of seric ACE to discriminate some patients at high risk of DVT. Measures of fibrinolytic and ACE activities are not redundant since the two types of ACE abnormalities were not individually encountered in the same patients and were independent from abnormalities of the fibrinolytic system

Seasonal variations in wool growth and heat tolerance of sheep. I. Wool growth

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Wodzicka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seasonal Rhythm ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

The monthly wool growth of three groups of rams was studied at Beltsville, Maryland. Group I received natural daylight (at 38° 53' N.) and was shorn monthly. Group II had a 7:17 hours of daylight to hours of darkness rhythm and was shorn every 6 months, once in winter and once in summer. Group III received natural daylight and was likewise shorn every 6 months. The rams of all groups produced more wool in summer than in winter. This difference was significant (P<0.001). The mean body weight and food intake were both greater in the winter months, which indicated that the seasonal rhythm of wool growth was not a consequence of poorer feeding in winter. The rams which were shorn monthly (group I) grew considerably more wool than the other two groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. The short-day treatment of group II did not increase the annual wool production nor decrease the seasonal rhythm of wool growth. The balance of evidence from this and other experiments indicates that temperature rather than light controls the seasonal rhythm of wool growth.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN MIKROSKOPIK GINJAL TIKUS WISTAR (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) SETELAH DIINDUKSI DENGAN GENTAMISIN

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poppy M Lintong ◽  
Carla F Kairupan ◽  
Priska L N Sondakh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract: Gentamycin, a frequently used aminoglycoside antibiotics, has a nephrotoxic effect to human beings and animals. The purpose of this research was to find out the microscopic changes of wistar rat kidneys after gentamycin induction. This was an experimental study, using five adult wistar rats, divided into three groups. Group I was the control group; group II consisted of two rats, injected with gentamycin 0,3 ml/day (dose of 60 mg/kg body weight/day) intraperitoneally for seven days; and group III consisted of two rats, injected with gentamycin 0,3 ml/day intraperitoneally for 10 days. Group I and II were terminated at day-8, and group III at day-11. Their kidneys were processed for microscopic slides, stained with hematoxylin eosin and Periodic Acid Schiff. In microscopic evaluation, group II and III showed oedema, necrosis, apoptosis, and basal membrane destruction of tubular epithelial cells. Group III also showed fat vacuoles in these epithelial cells (macrovesicular fatty changes). Conclusion: wistar rats injected with gentamycin 60 mg/kg body weight/day for 7 and 10 days showed oedema, necrosis, apoptosis, and basal membrane destruction of tubular epithelial cells; and macrovesicular fatty changes after 10 days of gentamycin.Key words: gentamycin, necrosis tubular epithelial cells, fatty changesAbstrak: Gentamisin termasuk antibiotik golongan aminoglikosida berspektrum luas yang bersifat nefrotoksik terhadap manusia dan hewan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat perubahan mikroskopik struktur ginjal tikus Wistar setelah diberikan gentamisin. Metode penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan lima ekor tikus Wistar dewasa yang dibagi atas tiga kelompok. Kelompok I tanpa perlakuan; kelompok II terdiri dari dua ekor tikus perlakuan yang diinjeksi dengan gentamisin 0,3 ml/hari (dosis 60 mg/kgBB/hari) secara intraperitonial selama tujuh hari; dan kelompok III terdiri dari dua ekor tikus perlakuan yang diinjeksi dengan gentamisin 0,3 ml/hari secara intraperitonial selama 10 hari. Tikus Wistar kelompok I dan II diteminasi hari ke-8, sedangkan kelompok III diterminasi hari ke-11. Ginjal tikus kelompok I -III kemudian dibuat preparat histopatologik dengan pengecatan rutin hematoksilin eosin dan Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tikus Wistar perlakuan yang diberikan gentamisin 0,3 ml/hari selama 7 sampai 10 hari secara mikroskopik memperlihatkan pembengkakan, nekrosis, apoptosis, dan destruksi membrana basalis sel epitel tubulus; dan pada hari ke-10 terlihat vakuol-vakuol lemak pada sel epitel sehingga inti terdesak ke tepi (perlemakan makrovesikuler). Simpulan: pemberian gentamisin pada tikus Wistar dengan dosis 60 mg/kg BB/hari selama 7-10 hari menunjukkan pembengkakan, nekrosis, apoptosis sel epitel tubulus, dan membrana basalis tubulus rusak; dan setelah hari ke-10 juga terlihat perlemakan makrovesikuler.Kata kunci: gentamisin, nekrosis sel epitel tubulus, perlemakan makrovesikuler

Effects of Propofol, Ketamine and their Combination (ketofol) as Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA) on Haematological, Serum Biochemical and Hormonal Profile in the Surgical Management of Canine Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basanta Saikia ◽  
Kushal Konwar Sarma ◽  
Kalyan Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Anaesthetic Machine ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Anaesthetic Agents ◽  
Group I ◽  
Biochemical Evaluation ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Group Ii

Background: The non-availability of the sophisticated anaesthetic machine and the necessary equipment to administer inhalant anaesthetic in the field hospitals make their use practically unfeasible for the field veterinarians. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of propofol, ketamine and their combination ‘Ketofol’ as a TIVA on certain haematological, serum biochemical and hormonal profiles in atropine and xylazine premedicated dogs. Methods: The study was conducted in eighteen clinical cases of dogs of either sex. The animals were randomly divided into three groups with six animals in each group. All the three groups were premedicated with Atropine sulphate @ 0.04mg/kg body weight and xylazine HCl @ 0.5mg/kg body weight intramuscularly. In group-I, propofol @ 5mg/kg body weight, in group-II, ketamine @ 5mg/kg body weight and in group-III, ketofol @ 4mg/kg body weight was administered intravenously for induction after 15 minutes of pre-anesthetic administration. Surgical anaesthesia was maintained for 90 minutes in all three groups viz. group-I, group-II and group-III with propofol @ 2.5mg/kg. b.w., ketamine @ 2.5mg/kg b.wt. and ketofol @ 2mg/kg b.wt. respectively by intermittent bolus injection (IBI) technique. Haematological, serum biochemical and hormonal profile were evaluated before administration of the anaesthetic agent (0 minutes) then at 15, 30, 60 and 90 minutes during and after administration of anaesthetic agents. Result: The study revealed that Hb, PCV and TEC were significantly decreased in all the groups at 60 mints and 30 mints respectively. The biochemical evaluation revealed that blood glucose level was significantly increased in all the groups until the end of the experiment. BUN and creatinine value was a significant increase in group-I and group-II than group-III at different time intervals up to the end of the experiment. In all the groups’ alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values significantly increased up to 60th minutes during TIVA whereas AST value was significantly increased in group-II at 30th and 60th minute of the experiment in compare to group-I and group-III. A higher level of cortisol values was recorded in group-I animals for the entire period of observation. There were no changes observed in the case of T3. Transient variables of haemato-biochemical have been reported following propofol, ketamine and their combination (ketofol) as total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA). Thus, it has been concluded that diligent monitorization and electrolyte support are essential during the period of anaesthesia. 

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