scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence in Health in 2018: New Opportunities, Challenges, and Practical Implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 052-054
Author(s):  
Gretchen Jackson ◽  
Jianying Hu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
English Language ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Health Applications

Objective: To summarize significant research contributions to the field of artificial intelligence (AI) in health in 2018. Methods: Ovid MEDLINE® and Web of Science® databases were searched to identify original research articles that were published in the English language during 2018 and presented advances in the science of AI applied in health. Queries employed Medical Subject Heading (MeSH®) terms and keywords representing AI methodologies and limited results to health applications. Section editors selected 15 best paper candidates that underwent peer review by internationally renowned domain experts. Final best papers were selected by the editorial board of the 2018 International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook. Results: Database searches returned 1,480 unique publications. Best papers employed innovative AI techniques that incorporated domain knowledge or explored approaches to support distributed or federated learning. All top-ranked papers incorporated novel approaches to advance the science of AI in health and included rigorous evaluations of their methodologies. Conclusions: Performance of state-of-the-art AI machine learning algorithms can be enhanced by approaches that employ a multidisciplinary biomedical informatics pipeline to incorporate domain knowledge and can overcome challenges such as sparse, missing, or inconsistent data. Innovative training heuristics and encryption techniques may support distributed learning with preservation of privacy.

Artificial Intelligence for Extended Software Robots, Applications, Algorithms, and Simulators

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-92
Author(s):  
Gayathri Rajendran ◽  
Uma Vijayasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Path Planning ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Robot Navigation ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Advanced Technique ◽  
Navigation Data ◽  
Planning Algorithms

Robotics has become a rapidly emerging branch of science, addressing the needs of humankind by way of advanced technique, like artificial intelligence (AI). This chapter gives detailed explanation about the background knowledge required in implementing the software robots. This chapter has an in-depth explanation about different types of software robots with respect to different applications. This chapter would also highlight some of the important contributions made in this field. Path planning algorithms are required for performing robot navigation efficiently. This chapter discusses several robot path planning algorithms which help in utilizing the domain knowledge, avoiding the possible obstacles, and successfully accomplishing the tasks in lesser computational time. This chapter would also provide a case study on robot navigation data and explain the significant of machine learning algorithms in decision making. This chapter would also discuss some of the potential simulators used in implementing software robots.

A Rapid Review on Application Scenarios for Artificial Intelligence in Nursing Care (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Seibert ◽  
Dominik Domhoff ◽  
Dominik Bruch ◽  
Matthias Schulte-Althoff ◽  
Daniel Fürstenau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Original Research

BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence (AI) holds the promise to support nurses’ clinical decision making in complex care situations or to conduct tasks that are remote from direct patient interaction such as documentation processes. There has been an increase in research and development of AI applications for nursing care, but a persistent lack of an extensive overview covering the evidence-base for promising application scenarios. OBJECTIVE The paper synthesizes literature on application scenarios for AI in nursing care settings, as well as highlighting adjacent aspects in the ethical, legal and social discourses surrounding the application of AI in nursing care. METHODS Following a rapid review design, databases PubMed, CINAHL, ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, DBLP, and AIS Library, as well as the libraries of leading conferences were searched in June 2020. Publications of quantitative and qualitative original research, systematic reviews, or discussion papers and essays on ethical, legal, and social implications were eligible for inclusion. Based on predetermined selection criteria, eligible studies were analyzed. RESULTS Titles and abstracts of 6,818 publications and 699 fulltexts were screened and 285 publications have been included. Hospitals were the most prominent setting, followed by independent living-at-home, whereas less application scenarios for nursing homes or homecare were identified. Most studies employed machine learning algorithms while expert or hybrid systems were entailed in less than every tenth publication. Application context focused on image and signal processing with tracking, monitoring or classification of activity and health followed by care coordination and communication as well as fall detection was the main purpose of AI applications. Few studies reported effects for clinical or organizational outcomes of AI applications, lacking particularly in data gathered outside of laboratory conditions. Aside from technological requirements, reporting on requirements captures more overarching topics such as data privacy, safety or technology acceptance. Ethical, legal and social implications reflected the discourse on technology use in health care, but have gone mostly undiscussed in detail. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight potential for the application of AI systems in different care settings. With regard to the lack of findings on effectiveness and application of AI systems in real-world scenarios, future research should reflect on a more nursing care specific perspective on objectives, outcomes and benefits. We find an advancement in the technological-societal discourse, surrounding the ethical and legal implications of AI applications in nursing care, to be a practical and needed next step for similar research groups. Further, we outline the need for a greater participation among stakeholders. CLINICALTRIAL not applicable

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence in Pharmacoepidemiology: A Systematic Review. Part 2–Comparison of the Performance of Artificial Intelligence and Traditional Pharmacoepidemiological Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Sessa ◽  
David Liang ◽  
Abdul Rauf Khan ◽  
Murat Kulahci ◽  
Morten Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
English Language ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Techniques ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Better Than

Aim: To summarize the evidence on the performance of artificial intelligence vs. traditional pharmacoepidemiological techniques.Methods: Ovid MEDLINE (01/1950 to 05/2019) was searched to identify observational studies, meta-analyses, and clinical trials using artificial intelligence techniques having a drug as the exposure or the outcome of the study. Only studies with an available full text in the English language were evaluated.Results: In all, 72 original articles and five reviews were identified via Ovid MEDLINE of which 19 (26.4%) compared the performance of artificial intelligence techniques with traditional pharmacoepidemiological methods. In total, 44 comparisons have been performed in articles that aimed at 1) predicting the needed dosage given the patient’s characteristics (31.8%), 2) predicting the clinical response following a pharmacological treatment (29.5%), 3) predicting the occurrence/severity of adverse drug reactions (20.5%), 4) predicting the propensity score (9.1%), 5) identifying subpopulation more at risk of drug inefficacy (4.5%), 6) predicting drug consumption (2.3%), and 7) predicting drug-induced lengths of stay in hospital (2.3%). In 22 out of 44 (50.0%) comparisons, artificial intelligence performed better than traditional pharmacoepidemiological techniques. Random forest (seven out of 11 comparisons; 63.6%) and artificial neural network (six out of 10 comparisons; 60.0%) were the techniques that in most of the comparisons outperformed traditional pharmacoepidemiological methods.Conclusion: Only a small fraction of articles compared the performance of artificial intelligence techniques with traditional pharmacoepidemiological methods and not all artificial intelligence techniques have been compared in a Pharmacoepidemiological setting. However, in 50% of comparisons, artificial intelligence performed better than pharmacoepidemiological techniques.

Improving the effectiveness of traditional education based on computer artificial intelligence and neural network system

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Ma ◽  
Xuesi Zhao ◽  
Yuxiu Guo
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Local Optimum ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Fish School ◽  
Tlbo Algorithm ◽  
Neural Network System

The application of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms in education reform is an inevitable trend of teaching development. In order to improve the teaching intelligence, this paper builds an auxiliary teaching system based on computer artificial intelligence and neural network based on the traditional teaching model. Moreover, in this paper, the optimization strategy is adopted in the TLBO algorithm to reduce the running time of the algorithm, and the extracurricular learning mechanism is introduced to increase the adjustable parameters, which is conducive to the algorithm jumping out of the local optimum. In addition, in this paper, the crowding factor in the fish school algorithm is used to define the degree or restraint of teachers’ control over students. At the same time, students in the crowded range gather near the teacher, and some students who are difficult to restrain perform the following behavior to follow the top students. Finally, this study builds a model based on actual needs, and designs a control experiment to verify the system performance. The results show that the system constructed in this paper has good performance and can provide a theoretical reference for related research.

EDITORIAL

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. i-iv
Author(s):  
A K M A Islam
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Science ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Editorial Policy ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Hard Copy ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Advisory Boards

Journal of Scientific Research EDITORIAL Do we need a new journal? The answer lies in the fact that currently no international journal (online and print) with interdisciplinary character which specifically caters to the academic needs of the international community operates from Bangladesh. This journal aims to fill this lacuna and to be a bridge for the scientists from the east and the west. This is the first issue of the Journal of Scientific Research (JSR). The idea of launching a journal that hopes to publish quality scientific works was planted in early 2008 during a science faculty meeting at Rajshahi University. Now it is our pleasure to see the idea blossom into the first issue of first volume (1 January 2009) that contains scientific work not only of Asian regions but of much beyond that. The inaugural issue indicates the type of journal we hope to become. It is wide ranging and interdisciplinary. Our contributors include scholars at every stage of their academic career. As regards editorial policy and scope the Journal of Scientific Research is a peer-reviewed international journal originally intended for publication annually. But due to a satisfactory flow of manuscripts since the first announcements the publication frequency has now been increased to 3 online issues (one print volume) per year.The journal is a unifying force, going across the barriers between disciplines, addressing all related topics and materials. An international Editorial Board (along with an Advisory Board) comprising of renowned academics from various fields guides our editorial policy and direction. The journal is devoted to the publication of original research (research paper, review paper, short communication) covering the following fields:Section A:  Physical and Mathematical Sciences: Physics, Mathematics, Statistics, Geophysics, Computer, Environmental Science, Communications and Information Technology, Engineering and related branches.Section B:  Chemical and Biological Sciences: Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacy, Biology, Genetics, Fisheries and related branches.The articles selected for the first issue have been reviewed by two discipline-specialists, and their recommendations have been appropriately incorporated. Submissions from the world research community are encouraged to fulfill our mission and aim for the journal to stand for the international scientific publishing standards.    It was clear during the planning and development of this first issue that the Asian region needs a forum through which research could be shared and acknowledged. I hope that this journal will soon be recognised by the wider research community as their forum for the dissemination of knowledge. We hope that the journal will not simply act as a place for publication of material, though obviously this is important, but should act as a catalyst for the advancement of science both within and outside the region.The journal is being published both online and in print. Online publishing, unique in nature, is faster and far less expensive than traditional hard copy publishing. Access of online journals is easier and better images, storage and multimedia are other advantages. I must thank the International Network for the availability of Scientific Publications (INASP) for helping us publish via BanglaJOL – and the help of Ms. Sioux Cumming in this regard is worthy of mention.The success of a journal depends on the quality of its Editorial Board and the reviewers. The effort that I have seen from them speaks well for the future of the new born journal.  Both the Editorial and Advisory Boards should deserve thanks for their indispensable advice and support during the planning phases of the journal. I should also thank the reviewers who contributed their valuable time to complete reviews within a reasonable time. I truly hope that the diversity contained in this first issue of the journal will be the hallmark of future issues. A K M A Islam email: [email protected]  website: www.banglajol.info/index.php/JSR           © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.vlil.1703    

Development of innovative hygienic technologies for preservation of the workers’ reproductive health

2020 ◽  
pp. 792-792
Author(s):  
M. A. Fesenko ◽  
G. V. Golovaneva ◽  
A. V. Miskevich
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
New Model

The new model «Prognosis of men’ reproductive function disorders» was developed. The machine learning algorithms (artificial intelligence) was used for this purpose, the model has high prognosis accuracy. The aim of the model applying is prioritize diagnostic and preventive measures to minimize reproductive system diseases complications and preserve workers’ health and efficiency.

Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences 4(13), 2019/ OEAPS Inc.(Open European Academy of Public Sciences); Chief Editor Vitaly Yakovlev- Berlin, Germany. 26.05.2019: OEAPS Inc., 2019. - 74 P. ISBN: 9781075497858

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inc. OEAPS
Keyword(s):  
Chief Editor ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
European Academy ◽  
Constant Interest ◽  
Critical Reviews

Authoritative and critical reviews of the latest achievements of natural and technical disciplines are published by Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences. Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences, an international peerreviewed journal, publishes both theoretical and experimental highquality documents of constant interest, previously unpublished in journals, in the field of technical and natural sciences, whose purpose is to promote theory and practice. In addition to the peerreviewed original research papers, the Editorial Board welcomes original research reports, modern surveys and communications in a broadly defined field of technical and natural sciences.

Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences 9, 2018/ OEAPS Inc.(Open European Academy of Public Sciences); Chief Editor Vitaly Yakovlev- Berlin, Germany. 18.12.2018: OEAPS Inc., 2019. - 35 P.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inc. OEAPS ◽  
Михаил Владимирович Кармаза ◽  
Роман Владимирович Мотылев ◽  
Вероника Александровна Одрузова ◽  
Нишчхал ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chief Editor ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
High Quality ◽  
European Academy ◽  
Constant Interest ◽  
Critical Reviews

Authoritative and critical reviews of the latest achievements of natural and technical disciplines are published by Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences.Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences, an international peer¬reviewed journal, publishes both theoretical and experimental high¬quality documents of constant interest, previously unpublished in journals, in the field of technical and natural sciences, whose purpose is to promote theory and practice. In addition to the peer¬reviewed original research papers, the Editorial Board welcomes original research reports, modern surveys and communications in a broadly defined field of technical and natural sciences.

Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences 2(11), 2019/ OEAPS Inc.(Open European Academy of Public Sciences); Chief Editor Vitaly Yakovlev- Berlin, Germany. 26.02.2019: OEAPS Inc., 2019. - 87 P.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Саида Адиловна Низамова ◽  
Alina Evgenievna Averina ◽  
Руслан Сергеевич Решетов ◽  
Дмитрий Алексеевич Погожев ◽  
Мария Михайловна Кошелькова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chief Editor ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
European Academy ◽  
Constant Interest ◽  
Critical Reviews

Authoritative and critical reviews of the latest achievements of natural and technical disciplines are published by Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences. Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences, an international peerreviewed journal, publishes both theoretical and experimental highquality documents of constant interest, previously unpublished in journals, in the field of technical and natural sciences, whose purpose is to promote theory and practice. In addition to the peerreviewed original research papers, the Editorial Board welcomes original research reports, modern surveys and communications in a broadly defined field of technical and natural sciences

Cryotherapy and its Correlates to Functional Performance. A Brief Preview

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 229-254
Author(s):  
Márcio Luís Pinto Domingues
Keyword(s):  
Motor Performance ◽  
English Language ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Evidence Database

AbstractObjective:To search the English language literature for original research addressing the effect of cryotherapy on motor performance and recovery.Data Sources:We searched MEDLINE, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database, SPORT Discus, Pubmed, and the Cochrane Reviews database, from 1976 to 2009 to identify randomized clinical trials of cryotherapy, systematic reviews, original articles and methods of cryotherapy. Key words used were cryotherapy, return to participation, cold treatment, ice, injury.Data Synthesis:Brief review including assessment of cryotherapy as a tool of performance and a recovery method.Conclusions:Most studies suggest that a short rewarming time would be beneficial (a couple minutes), which is very reasonable in sports. Also, cooling techniques differ in its result accordingly to the procedures and objectives used. Finally, the type of tissue cooled plays a large role (ie. Joint vs. Muscle).

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