Special Consideration in the Management of Hump Noses in Asians

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (05) ◽  
pp. 554-562
Author(s):  
Yong Ju Jang ◽  
Hyun Moon
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Special Consideration ◽  
Nasal Dorsum ◽  
Aesthetic Outcome ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Utmost Care ◽  
Hump Reduction ◽  
Extension Graft ◽  
Tremendous Impact

AbstractAlthough not as prevalent as in Caucasian rhinoplasty, correction of a hump nose also poses a significant problem for East Asian rhinoplasty. The hump noses in East Asians can be classified as generalized humps, isolated humps, and relative humps with a low tip. Appropriate management of the Asian hump nose demands a good understanding of the anatomical characteristics unique to East Asians. As the East Asians generally prefer to have a nose with a prominent tip and well-augmented nasal dorsum, the concept of redistribution is significant in managing convex dorsum of the East Asians. Hump reduction should be done in a conservative and incremental manner, including careful removal of the bony cap and cartilaginous hump. Tip augmentation using a septal extension graft is an essential maneuver to achieve an aesthetically pleasing tip height, which has a tremendous impact on the overall aesthetic outcome. Midvault reconstruction, dorsal augmentation, and camouflage are additional key elements for the success of the operation. Complications such as undercorrection and dorsal irregularities are not uncommon, requiring surgeons to take utmost care to address them.

Failure of Synthetic Implants: Strategies and Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Kim ◽  
Sami Alharethy ◽  
Yong Jang
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Costal Cartilage ◽  
Nasal Dorsum ◽  
Irreversible Change ◽  
Aesthetic Outcome ◽  
Soft Tissue Envelope ◽  
East Asian Region ◽  
Skin Quality ◽  
Diced Cartilage

AbstractDorsal augmentation with synthetic implants is the most commonly performed rhinoplasty procedure, especially in the East-Asian region. However, as in all other surgical procedures, complications are inevitable. Complications that need to be managed surgically include displacement, deviation, suboptimal aesthetic outcome, extrusion, inflammation, infection, and changes in skin quality. Most complications can be easily managed with revision surgery. After the removal of the synthetic implant from the nasal dorsum, different dorsal implant materials such as dermofat, alloderm, or fascia-wrapped diced cartilage, conchal cartilage with perichondrial attachment, and costal cartilage are preferred. An irreversible change in the skin/soft tissue envelope poses a challenge that usually requires reconstructive surgery with a local flap. Therefore, early detection and prompt management of the complication are essential for minimizing the severity of the deformity and the complexity of the surgical procedures.

Management of Ala Columella Disproportion in South East Asian Noses

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (05) ◽  
pp. 505-516
Author(s):  
Eduardo Yap
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
Frontal View ◽  
Aesthetic Outcome ◽  
Posterior Angle ◽  
Nasal Vestibule ◽  
Aesthetic Result ◽  
Tip Projection ◽  
Good Aesthetic Result ◽  
Extension Graft ◽  
Alar Rim

AbstractSouth East Asian noses have a characteristic ala and columella disproportion and mostly manifest as hanging ala. Simultaneous correction during rhinoplasty is recommended to achieve a good aesthetic result. Since hanging ala is a common feature, a classification system is presented as a guide for surgical management. The classification is based on the frontal view showing the alar rim connecting to the columella lobule area simulating the wings of a gull in gentle flight. A mild deformity has the gull's wing in the horizontal direction. A moderate deformity has the gull's wing in a slight inferior direction. A severe hanging deformity has the gull's wing in the inferior direction, ending below the columella lobule area, and this is mostly accompanied by retracted columella. There are various techniques for the surgical correction of hanging ala. The author has made a modification of the internal approach called “sail excision” using the groove within the lateral nasal vestibule as a landmark. The author terms this area as the vestibular groove. Sail excision involves removal of a triangular portion of tissue anterior to this vestibular groove. Another aesthetic deformity noticed in South East Asian noses is that the alar rim base is lower than the columellar base. In correcting hanging ala with involvement of the alar rim base, the sail excision is extended posteriorly following the vestibular groove as its guide to the amount to be excised. To enhance the overall aesthetic outcome, the acute columella labial angle seen in South East Asian noses has to be made fuller through surgery. This is accomplished using septal extension graft for tip projection, with preservation of the posterior angle of the caudal septum. Plumping grafts are used as filler material in the premaxillary area.

Clinical Profile and Health Disparities in a Multiethnic Cohort of Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Butters ◽  
Caitlin R. Semsarian ◽  
Richard D. Bagnall ◽  
Laura Yeates ◽  
Fergus Stafford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
East Asian ◽  
North African ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator

Background: Clinical studies of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are over-represented by individuals of European ethnicity, with less known about other ethnic groups. We investigated differences between patients in a multiethnic Australian hypertrophic cardiomyopathy population. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 836 unrelated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy probands attending a specialized clinic between 2002 and 2020. Major ethnic groups were European (n=611), East Asian (n=75), South Asian (n=58), and Middle Eastern and North African (n=68). The minor ethnicity groups were Oceanian (n=9), People of the Americas (n=7), and African (n=8). One-way ANOVA with Dunnett post hoc test and Bonferroni adjustment were performed. Results: Mean age of the major ethnic groups was 54.9±16.9 years, and 527 (65%) were male. Using the European group as the control, East Asian patients had a lower body mass index (29 versus 25 kg/m 2 , P <0.0001). South Asians had a lower prevalence of atrial fibrillation (10% versus 31%, P =0.024). East Asians were more likely to have apical hypertrophy (23% versus 6%, P <0.0001) and Middle Eastern and North African patients more likely to present with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (46% versus 34%, P =0.0003). East Asians were less likely to undergo genetic testing (55% versus 85%, P <0.0001) or have an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implanted (19% versus 36%, P =0.037). East Asians were more likely to have a causative variant in a gene other than MYBPC3 or MYH7 , whereas Middle Eastern and North African and South Asians had the highest rates of variants of uncertain significance (27% and 21%, P <0.0001). Conclusions: There are few clinical differences based on ethnicity, but importantly, we identify health disparities relating to access to genetic testing and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator use. Unless addressed, these gaps will likely widen as we move towards precision-medicine–based care of individuals with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Comparative Efficacy of Alendronate upon Vertebral Bone Mineral Density and Fracture Rates in East Asians Versus Non-East Asians with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 738-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yexin Wang ◽  
Gongwei Jia ◽  
Jin Song ◽  
Xiangqing Kong ◽  
Weihong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Bisphosphonate Therapy ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Vertebral Fracture Risk ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

AbstractBisphosphonates, such as alendronate, have become the most widely used and effective anti-resorptive therapy for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Previous genetic studies suggest that ethnicity may drive differing responses to bisphosphonate therapy in East Asians and non-East Asians. Therefore, the aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the efficacy of alendronate upon lumbar spinal BMD and vertebral fracture rates in East Asians and non-East Asians with postmenopausal osteoporosis. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy of alendronate versus placebo (or calcium/mineral and/or Vitamin D or hormone replacement therapy) in primary postmenopausal osteoporotic women. We calculated the weighted mean differences (WMDs) for lumbar spinal BMD and the risk ratios (RRs) for vertebral fracture risk along with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). From an initial set of 445 non-duplicate records, 13 full-text articles were finally included in this meta-analysis consisting of four East Asian RCTs and nine non-East Asian RCTs. Alendronate therapy displayed significant effects in improving lumbar spinal BMD in both East Asians [WMD (95% CI)=5.30 (0.32–10.29), p=0.037] and non-East Asians [WMD (95% CI)=5.73 (3.61–7.85), p=0.000]. Alendronate therapy did not display significant effects upon vertebral fracture risk in East Asians [RR (95% CI)=0.41 (0.06–2.73), p=0.358] but did display a significant effect upon lowering vertebral fracture risk in non-East Asians [RR (95% CI)=0.55 (0.42–0.72), p=0.000]. These findings suggest that ethnicity may affect the efficacy of bisphosphonate therapy in postmenopausal osteoporotic women.

scholarly journals Exoticism and East Asian women : moving beyond geishas and dragon ladies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Mai Elaine Cheong
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
East Asian ◽  
The Other ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Feminist Theories

This major research paper relates my experiences as a Chinese woman to those of other East Asian women while exploring why East Asian women continue to be sexualized and ethnicized. My paper is based on the feminist standpoint and anti-racist feminist theories, and feminist and post-modern methodologies. The focus is on the Chinese immigration experience to North America, and on Chinese women's lives, with some consideration of Korean and Japanese women because the latter two share similarities in experiences of homogenization of East Asian women. I argue that the experiences of every woman are unique because of their race, migration and settlement experiences. I borrow Ang's (2001) term "togetherness in differences" to describe our experiences. The stereotypes of East Asians and East Asian women are not created in a vacuum; rather they are the direct result of the dominant culture oppressing the "other" in the effort to subordinate them.

Contemplating the Future of Collective Security in East Asia

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Nanako Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
International Law ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Security System ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
East Asians ◽  
National Sovereignty ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Peace And Security

Abstract It is quite often argued in the legal and political literatures that Asian nations tend to be more protective of their national sovereignty and thus are often reluctant to follow universal rules or principles provided in international legal materials and texts. Does this “conservative” image of Asian nations correctly reflect the national practices and academic literature of East Asian nations? How do we East Asians perceive the UN collective security system invented at the price of two catastrophic world wars in the 20th century? And why do East Asians need international law to keep peace and security in this region? By trying to find answers to these questions, this article contemplates what role international law will be able to play for the maintenance of peace and security in East Asia.

The Role of Hallyu in the Construction of East Asian Regional Identity in Vienna

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-171 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Asian Values

AbstractEthnographic research in Vienna from 2009 to 2010 revealed how East Asians construct a collective regional identity by consuming Korean popular culture, known as hallyu. This paper is the first attempt at studying these immigrants as a group; scholars in Asian studies have previously focused on one nation. Unlike conventional studies of immigration, which focus largely on assimilation and integration in the new society and culture, this paper shows how immigrants construct their independent identities across national borders, and how advanced technology enables them to choose cultural content that evokes Asian values and sentiments. Hallyu thus informs their identity construction as East Asians in Europe.

Within-Person Changes in the Structure of Emotion

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 607-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Qi Elaine Perunovic ◽  
Daniel Heller ◽  
Eshkol Rafaeli
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
East Asian ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Asian Culture ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Culturally Congruent ◽  
Asian Language

This study explored the within-person dynamic organization of emotion in East-Asian Canadian bicultural individuals as they function in two cultural worlds. Using a diary design, we examined under what conditions their emotional structure resembles that of Westerners or that of East Asians. As predicted, when these bicultural individuals identified with a Western culture or had recently spoken a non-Asian language, their positive and negative affect were inversely associated. When they identified with an Asian culture or interacted in an Asian language, this inverse association disappeared. This study shows that as bicultural individuals identify and communicate with members of one or the other cultural group, they may adopt a culturally congruent phenomenology, including a distinct affective pattern.

scholarly journals NO CROSS-CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN THE GETTIER CAR CASE INTUITION: A REPLICATION STUDY OF WEINBERG ET AL. 2001

Episteme ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minsun Kim ◽  
Yuan Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences

AbstractIn “Normativity and Epistemic Intuitions” (NEI), Weinberg, Nichols and Stich famously argue from empirical data that East Asians and Westerners have different intuitions about Gettier-style cases. We attempted to replicate their study about the Gettier Car Case. Our study used the same methods and case taken verbatim, but sampled an East Asian population 2.5 times greater than NEI's 23 participants. We found no evidence supporting the existence of cross-cultural difference about the intuition concerning the case. Taken together with the failures of both of the existing replication studies (Nagel et al. 2013; Seyedsayamdost 2014), our data provide strong evidence that the purported cross-cultural difference in intuitions about Gettier-style cases does not exist.

Conference, Arbitration and the Triple Intervention of 1895: Relevance of the Western Ways of Dispute Settlement in East Asia

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-83
Author(s):  
Iwao Fujisawa
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
International Law ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
East Asians

Abstract This article attempts to understand how East Asian nations dealt with the norms and concepts of Western international law and for that purpose takes up the peace process of the Sino-Japanese War. It argues that in that incident neither China nor Japan passively accepted the methods of dispute settlement developed in Western international law and that rather those countries tried to pick and choose among the legal institutions of that law according to their respective interests. This article concludes that the incident suggests Western international law was not immune to changes through the interaction between Europeans and East Asians in the process of its expansion.

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