scholarly journals Correlation between Dentoalveolar Heights and Vertical Skeletal Patterns in Class I Malocclusion in Ethnic Javanese

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani ◽  
Ike Sesaria Pratiknjo ◽  
Irwadi Djaharu’ddin
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Class I ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Anterior Nasal Spine ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
The Face ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Abstract Objectives Vertical proportions of the face are important determining factors for diagnosis and planning appropriate orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic patients have different vertical and sagittal skeletal discrepancies, as well as associated varying degrees of dentoalveolar compensations. Dentoalveolar is a functional component of the jaw; it plays a role in occlusal dynamics and forms sagittal and vertical maxilla–mandibula relationships. This study aims to analyze the relationship between dentoalveolar heights and several vertical skeletal patterns in patients with Class I malocclusion in ethnic Javanese. Materials and Methods The sample consisted of lateral cephalograms of 75 patients (18 samples were male, and 57 were female). Determined by inclusion and exclusion criteria, the participants were selected from an initial sample of 196 patients with skeletal Class I malocclusion (sella–nasion–A and B [ANB] = 1–4 degrees). Cephalometric analysis was performed using OrthoVision2017 digital software. This analysis measured upper anterior dental height (UADH), upper posterior dental height (UPDH), lower anterior dental height (LADH), lower posterior dental height (LPDH), ANB angle, sella–nasion and mandibular plane (SN-MP), sella–nasion and palatal plane (SN-PP), palatal plane and mandibular plane (PP-MP), Frankfort horizontal plane and mandibular plane (FH-MP), sella to gonion (S-Go), articulare to gonion (Ar-Go), nasion to menton (N-Me), nasion to anterior nasal spine (N-ANS), and anterior nasal spine to menton (ANS-Me). Pearson correlation test was used to assess correlations among all variables (p < 0.05). Results Significant correlations were observed between dentoalveolar heights and SN-MP, S-Go, Ar-Go, N-Me, and ANS-Me (p < 0.05). Conclusions Patients with Class I malocclusion in ethnic Javanese exhibit a significant correlation between dentoalveolar and vertical skeletal patterns. UPDH and/or LPDH have a significantly positive correlation with SN-MP, S-Go, Ar-Go, N-Me, and ANS-Me. The orthodontic correction of the decreased or increased facial height included either the extrusion or intrusion of the anterior or posterior teeth in different ways.

scholarly journals Comparison of ANB Angle, Yen Angle and W Angle in Chinese Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Surendra Maharjan ◽  
Chen Lili
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Class I ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Union Hospital ◽  
Males And Females

Introduction: An accurate, reliable and stable method of accessing sagittal jaw relationship with cephalometric analysis is essential in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Many methods have been developed to assess antero-posterior jaw discrepancy but they all have some shortcomings including ANB angle. Thus the purpose of this study is 1) To provide mean values and standard deviations for ANB angle, Yen angle and W angle for a sample of skeletal Class I, II and III Chinese males and females malocclusion patients; 2) To verify the existence of sexual dimorphism; 3) To compare these three methods for assessing sagittal jaw relationship 4) To assess the correlation between these and 5) To find out which is the most reliable amongst them. Materials & Method: 120 pretreatment lateral cephalograms of Chinese patients, including both males and females between 18 to 25years old, were collected from the Department of Orthodontics; Wuhan Union Hospital which were divided into 3 groups as Class I, II and III skeletal pattern. Each pattern consists of 40 samples. The values of the males and females were compared with independent t-test while the inter-group comparisons were conducted with ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Pearson correlation test was performed to correlate between these angles. Result: There were no statistically significant differences between the mean values of these angles in male and female within the groups in all three classes. ANOVA analysis showed significant differences were found in ANB angle, Yen angle and W-angle in all the three Groups. Strong correlation existed between Yen angle and W angle. Conclusion: There is no existence of sexual dimorphism in our study. ANB angle is affected by growth of Nasion while Yen angle is affected by rotation of jaws. ANB angle is easy to assess while W angle is most stable and reliable.

scholarly journals Angular Relationship between Frankfort Horizontal Plane and Sella-Nasion Plane in Nepalese Orthodontic Patients: A Cephalometric Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Jamal Giri ◽  
Prabhat Ranjan Pokharel ◽  
Rajesh Gyawali
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Class I ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cephalometric Study ◽  
Frankfort Horizontal Plane

Introduction: The angle between Frankfort horizontal (FH) plane and Sella-Nasion (SN) plane is considered to be 7°. Various studies have shown that the FH-SN angulations could vary; which can affect cephalometric diagnosis.Objective: To determine average FH-SN angle for a group of Nepalese orthodontic patients. The secondary objectives were to assess whether the FH-SN angle exhibits sexual dimorphism and to evaluate the FH-SN angle in different skeletal relationships.Materials & Method: Lateral cephalograms of 238 orthodontic patients were hand traced and the angle between the FH and SN plane was measured and recorded. The cephalograms were also classified as skeletal Class I, II or III cases using Wits appraisal.Result: The average FH-SN angle was 6.71° ± 3.13°. FH-SN angle was greater in female samples compared to males. However, the difference was not statistically significant. Similarly, the ANOVA analysis revealed no significant difference between FH-SN angles in different skeletal relationships.Conclusion: The average FH-SN angle for a group of Nepalese orthodontic patients was 6.71° ± 3.13°. There was no statistically significant difference in FH-SN angle between skeletal Class I, II and III relationships

scholarly journals Cephalometric Evaluation of Vertical Dimension of Occlusion in Varying Malocclusions

2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 081-086
Author(s):  
Isha Aggarwal ◽  
Anindita Mallik ◽  
Sanjay Mittal ◽  
Mandeep Bhullar ◽  
Divya Singla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Vertical Dimension ◽  
Class I ◽  
Facial Esthetics ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
The Face ◽  
Occlusal Vertical Dimension ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Introduction The aim of modern cephalometrics is to evaluate the relationship of skeletal and dental functional units of the face and to implement treatment to establish the position of the units horizontally and vertically. Establishing a correct occlusal vertical dimension is considered one of the most important aspects of facial esthetics for patients in need of orthodontic treatment. Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate the vertical dimension of occlusion in varying dental malocclusions in Solan population. Materials and Methods The sample consisted of pretreatment lateral cephalograms of 100 patients (50 Class I and 50 Class II div 1), aged 15 to 30 years; six angular and one linear parameters were measured to determine the vertical dimension of occlusion. Results All the parameters (Frankfort-mandibular plane angle [FMA], Occl/Frankfort horizontal plane [FHA], angle of Y-axis, Occl/SN, GoGn/SN, and ANS-Me) were found to be decreased in Class I than in Class II div 1 malocclusion except (ANS-Xi-Pm). All the parameters were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05) when compared between groups. When cephalometric norms of the present study were compared with Moroccan population, all parameters (ANS-Xi-Ptm, FMA, Occl/FH, Occl/SN, GoGn/SN, and ANS-Me) were found to be decreased in Solan population except angle of Y-axis. All the parameters were clinically significant (p < 0.05) except ANS-Xi-Pm and FMA that were found to be clinically nonsignificant (p > 0.05). Conclusion Solan population has distinct cephalometric characteristics, which should be used as the reference in future orthodontic treatments.

scholarly journals Hyoid Bone Position in Orthodontic Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Faisal Rasheed ◽  
Zubair Hassan Awaisi ◽  
Muhammad Inam Elahi ◽  
Abid Hussain Kanju ◽  
Zeenat Naz Sahito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Hyoid Bone ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Introduction: Hyoid bone is attached to mandible and cranium by different ligaments and muscular attachments and plays important role in maintaining of functions of oral cavity such as posture of tongue. Hyoid bone is attached to mandible and cranium by different ligaments and muscular attachments and plays important role in maintaining of functions of oral cavity such as posture of tongue. Materials & Method: Study was carried out in Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan in May-June 2019. Lateral cephalogram of 113 patients were taken from orthodontic department and drawn by using 3H pencil and acetate matte sheets. Skeletal malocclusions were distributed into Class I, Class II and Class III on the bases of ANB angle. Hyoid bone position was determined using method devised by Bibby and Preston. IBM SPSS was used to assess the statistical data and mean, correlations and one sample t-test were applied. Result: Data shows that in population of Multan, Pakistan, hyoid bone is posterior and downward in position and lies close to mandibular plane. Mean value of C3-H, Hyoid angle and H-RGn was 28.76mm ± 4.01mm, 15.26º ± 5.85º and 33.6mm ± 6.12mm. Conclusion: It is concluded that hyoid bone is positioned more downward and backward direction in Skeletal Class I cases from given sample, moderately in Class III and less in Class II cases.

scholarly journals Pattern of Malocclusion in Orthodontic Patients in South-Eastern Region of Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Acharya ◽  
Bhushan Bhattarai ◽  
Diana George ◽  
Tarakant Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Introduction: Occlusal traits in orthodontic patients have been studied in different parts of Nepal. However, very few data are available on malocclusion in south-eastern region of Nepal.Objective: To assess the pattern of malocclusion occurring in orthodontic patients in south-eastern region of Nepal, and to estimate the age of presentation of Class II malocclusion among the patients.Materials & Method: Data were collected from 150 pre-treatment study models and lateral cephalograms from two orthodontic specialty clinics in Biratnagar. Angle’s classification system was used to determine dental malocclusion and ANB angle was used to determine skeletal malocclusion. Chi square test was used to test the association between dental and skeleton malocclusions.Result: Angle’s Class I malocclusion was found in 95(63.33%), Class II Div 1 in 41(27.33%), Class II Div 2 in 13(8.66%) and Class III in 1(0.66%). Among all subjects; 119 (79.33%) had skeletal Class I, 24(16%) had skeletal Class II and 7(4.66%) had skeletal Class III. There was significant association between dental and skeletal malocclusions. The average age for reporting Class II Div 1 malocclusion was 16.5 years and Class II Div 2 malocclusion was 19 years.Conclusion: Angle’s Class I is the most common malocclusion followed by Class II and Class III among orthodontic patients in south-eastern Nepal. The subjects lack awareness on age factor for orthodontic treatment. 

scholarly journals Assessment of upper airways measurements in patients with mandibular skeletal Class II malocclusion

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 86-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayanna Nadja e Silva ◽  
Rosa Helena Wanderley Lacerda ◽  
Alexandre Wellos Cunha Silva ◽  
Tania Braga Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms

Objective: Mandibular Class II malocclusions seem to interfere in upper airways measurements. The aim of this study was to assess the upper airways measurements of patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion in order to investigate the association between these measurements and the position and length of the mandible as well as mandibular growth trend, comparing the Class II group with a Class I one.Methods:A total of 80 lateral cephalograms from 80 individuals aged between 10 and 17 years old were assessed. Forty radiographs of Class I malocclusion individuals were matched by age with forty radiographs of individuals with mandibular Class II malocclusion. McNamara Jr., Ricketts, Downs and Jarabak's measurements were used for cephalometric evaluation. Data were submitted to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis by means of SPSS 20.0 statistical package. Student's t-test, Pearson correlation and intraclass correlation coefficient were used. A 95% confidence interval and 5% significance level were adopted to interpret the results.Results:There were differences between groups. Oropharynx and nasopharynx sizes as well as mandibular position and length were found to be reduced in Class II individuals. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the size of the oropharynx and Xi-Pm, Co-Gn and SNB measurements. In addition, the size of the nasopharynx was found to be correlated with Xi-Pm, Co-Gn, facial depth, SNB, facial axis and FMA.Conclusion: Individuals with mandibular Class II malocclusion were shown to have upper airways measurements diminished. There was a correlation between mandibular length and position and the size of oropharynx and nasopharynx.

Growth Pattern in Skeletal Class I Malocclusion: A Cephalometric Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Sujal Amatya ◽  
Rabindra Man Shrestha ◽  
Shristi Napit
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Class I ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Growth Modification ◽  
Cephalometric Study

Introduction: Great emphasis has been given to the evaluation of sagittal apical base relationship in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The prediction of magnitude and direction of facial growth based on sagittal relationship will help in orthodontic treatment with growth modification. The objective of the study is to assess the growth pattern in skeletal Class I malocclusion. Materials and Method: 104 subjects (52 male and 52 female) with the age between 18-30 years with Class I skeletal relation was selected from lateral cephalograms of patients visiting the Department of Orthodontics, Kantipur Dental College. The ANB angle was measured to assess the sagittal jaw relationship and the Jarabak’s ratio to access the growth pattern. Descriptive statistics were calculated for each parameter. Pearson’s test was done to evaluate the correlation between the parameters. Independent t-test was done to compare Anterior Facial height (AFH), Posterior Facial Height (PFH) and Jarabak’s ratio between male and female subjects. Result: Among the total subjects with skeletal Class I malocclusion; hyperdivergent growth pattern was least (10.57%), followed by normodivergent (18.26%) and hypodivergent growth pattern (71.15%). Mean Jarabak’s ratio for hyperdivergent, normodivergent and hypodivergent growth pattern were 58.65±1.94, 63.98±0.85 and 69.98±4.13 respectively. Very strong correlation was found between AFH and PFH in hyperdivergent (r = 0.821) and normodivergent group (r =0.978). Strong correlation was found in hypodivergent group between AFH and PFH (r =0.743). Also, strong correlation was found in hypodivergent group between PFH and Jarabak’s ratio (r =0.643). Conclusion: Hypodivergent growth pattern was the dominant growth pattern in skeletal Class I malocclusion. PFH influenced the determination of Jarabak’s ratio more than the AFH in hypodivergent growth pattern. Hypodivergent growth pattern is correlated with large SNB angle.

scholarly journals Mandibular symphysis morphology and dimensions in different anteroposterior jaw relationships

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan N. Al-Khateeb ◽  
Emad F. Al Maaitah ◽  
Elham S. Abu Alhaija ◽  
Serene A. Badran
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Mandibular Symphysis ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the morphology and dimensions of mandibular symphysis (MS) in different anteroposterior jaw relationships and to investigate whether craniofacial parameters have any correlation with its shape and/or dimensions. Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalograms of subjects with Class I, Class II, and Class III skeletal relationships were traced. Several craniofacial and MS parameters were measured. MS parameters were compared between the three groups using analysis of variance and were correlated with the craniofacial parameters using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Larger angle of concavity of the chin, more inclination of the alveolar bone toward the mandibular plane, and larger MS dimensions and area (P &lt; .001) were found with a Class III skeletal relationship compared to Class I and Class II relationships. The Pearson correlation coefficient between Id-Me and AFH was r  =  0.83 and between Id-Me and LAFH it was r  =  0.81. Conclusions: The dimensions and configuration of MS in the Class III relationship were different than those in Class I and Class II relationships; the alveolar part of MS compensated for the skeletal relationship in the Class III pattern. MS dimensions were strongly correlated to anterior facial dimensions.

Comparison of skeletal anchorage and tooth-borne maxillary protraction followed by fixed appliance in Class III malocclusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Hoon Lee ◽  
Sang-Duck Koh ◽  
Dong-Hwa Chung ◽  
Jin-Woo Lee ◽  
Sang-Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Phase Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Skeletal Anchorage ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Maxillary Protraction ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Residual Growth

Summary Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the results of skeletal anchorage (SAMP) and tooth- borne (TBMP) maxillary protraction followed by fixed appliance in growing skeletal Class III patients. Materials and methods Patients treated with maxillary protraction were selected and classified into two groups (SAMP: n = 19, mean age = 11.19 years; TBMP: n = 27, mean age = 11.21 years). Lateral cephalograms taken before treatment (T0), after the maxillary protraction (T1), and after the fixed appliance treatment (T2) were analysed and all variables were statistically tested to find difference between the two groups. Results Compared to the TBMP, the SAMP showed significant forward growth of maxilla (Co-A point and SN-Orbitale) and improvement in intermaxillary relationship (ANB, AB to mandible plane, and APDI) after the overall treatment (T0–T2), with no significant sagittal changes in maxilla or mandible throughout the fixed appliance treatment (T1–T2). Limitations In maxillary protraction, effects of skeletal anchorage were retrospectively compared with those of dental anchorage, not with Class I or III control. Conclusions and implications After maxillary protraction, skeletal and tooth-borne anchorage did not cause significant differences in the residual growth of maxilla throughout the phase II treatment. Orthopaedic effects with skeletal anchorage showed appropriate stability in maxilla and intermaxillary relationship even after fixed appliance treatment.

scholarly journals Microscrew Anchorage in Skeletal Anterior Open-bite Treatment

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlei Xun ◽  
Xianglong Zeng ◽  
Xing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Miniscrew Implants ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Patient Cooperation ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
Skeletal Open Bite

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of miniscrew anchorage for intrusion of the posterior dentoalveolar region to correct skeletal open bite. Materials and Methods: The study was comprised of 12 patients (aged 14.3 to 27.2 years; mean 18.7 years) with anterior open bites. All the patients presented a Class II skeletal pattern and excessive posterior growth. Self-drilling miniscrew implants were inserted into the posterior midpalatal area and the buccal alveolar bone between the lower molars. A transpalatal and a lingual arch were used to maintain the molars on each side in order to avoid overrotation during intrusion. A force of 150 g was applied to the microscrews on each side to intrude the posterior teeth. Lateral cephalograms of all 12 patients were taken preintrusion and immediately after completion of the intrusion. The cephalometric films were measured and compared. Results: The results showed that the anterior open bites in 12 patients were all corrected in a mean of 6.8 months. Overbite increased by a mean of 4.2 mm (P &lt; .001), from −2.2 mm in preintrusion to 2.0 mm in postintrusion. The maxillary and mandibular first molars were intruded for an average of 1.8 mm (P &lt; .001) and 1.2 mm (P &lt; .001), respectively. The mandibular plane angle was reduced by 2.3° (P &lt; .001), which led to a counterclockwise rotation of the mandible with a significant decrease in the anterior facial heights (mean of 1.8 mm; P &lt; .001). Conclusion: Miniscrew anchorage has the advantages of being a simpler procedure, being minimally invasive, and requiring minimal patient cooperation.

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