scholarly journals Birth and Growth of Neuroimaging and Vascular Intervention at Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram—Part II

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajanikanth Rao Vedula ◽  
Ravi Mandalam Kolathu
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Interventional Procedures ◽  
Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Selective Embolization ◽  
Vascular Intervention ◽  
Palliative Procedure ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
Embolic Agents ◽  
History Of

AbstractThis is the second part of the two-part paper on the history of development of neuroradiology at the Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram. In this part, the authors describe the evolution of interventional procedures at their institute from the initial techniques of free-flow embolization as a palliative procedure for large arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) to the more refined techniques of selective embolization using microcatheters, calibrated leak balloons and liquid polymerizing embolic agents. The authors acknowledge the immense encouragement and support provided to them by the French neurointervention pioneers Prof. Luc Picard and Prof. Jacques Moret in this endeavor.

scholarly journals Birth and Growth of Neuroimaging and Vascular Intervention at Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram—Part I

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajanikanth Rao Vedula ◽  
Ravi Mandalam Kolathu
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute ◽  
Carotid Angiography ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Selective Embolization ◽  
Vascular Intervention ◽  
Peripheral Vascular Intervention

AbstractThis article is a historical narrative that traces the growth of neuroradiology and interventional radiology at the Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram. From its humble origins in the pre-CT scan era of the mid and late 1970s, when invasive diagnostic procedures such as percutaneous carotid angiography, myelography, pneumoencephalography (PEG) and ventriculography were the mainstay of neuroimaging, the authors take the reader through their gradual foray into catheter four-vessel angiography and later free-flow embolization of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), and finally to the use of microcatheters for selective embolization procedures. The equipment used in those early years—fluoroscopic tilting table, roll-film cameras, serial changers, PEG tables—provide an insight to an era with all its challenges before the advent of digital imaging. The authors’ efforts to indigenize some of the hardware such as metallic stents and embolization material such as hydrogel spheres and lyophilized dura are also highlighted. The development of peripheral vascular intervention alongside neuroradiology is also highlighted. The authors pay tribute to an early pioneer of neuroradiology in India, Prof. Mahadevan Pillai, who was a guiding light to them during those nascent years.

The Role of Neuroendovascular Therapy for the Treatment of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations

Neurosurgery ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. S3-163-S3-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fiorella ◽  
Felipe C. Albuquerque ◽  
Henry H. Woo ◽  
Cameron G. McDougall ◽  
Peter A. Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Multimodality Treatment ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Technical Application ◽  
Embolic Agents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Cumulative Risks

Abstract NEUROENDOVASCULAR EMBOLIZATION REPRESENTS a critical component of the multidisciplinary management of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Safe and effective embolization may be performed only in the context of a well-designed, rational treatment plan that is fundamentally based on a clear understanding of the natural history of the lesion, as well as the cumulative risks of multimodality treatment. This article outlines the role of neuroendovascular embolization in arteriovenous malformation therapy with a specific emphasis on decision making in the context of formulating a treatment plan. The authors also provide a summary of the available embolic agents and their technical application, potential intraprocedural and periprocedural complications, and postprocedural management.

scholarly journals Complications in AVM Surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Marco Cenzato ◽  
Davide Boeris ◽  
Maurizio Piparo ◽  
Alessia Fratianni ◽  
Maria Angela Piano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Preoperative Treatment ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Selective Embolization ◽  
Hemostatic Agents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Venous Pattern

AbstractIn AVM surgery perioperative complications can arise and can have serious perioperative consequences. Surgically related complications in AVM treatment, in many cases, can be avoided by paying attention to details:1. Careful selection of the patient: - addressing a patient with eloquent AVM to Gamma Knife treatment - preoperative treatment with selective embolization of the accessible deep feeders - preoperative gamma knife or embolize those patient with an over-expressed venous pattern2. Meticulous coagulation of deep medullary feeders: - Using dirty coagulation - Using dry non-stick coagulation - Using micro clips - Using laser - Reaching the choroidal vessel in the ventricle when possible - Avoiding occlusive coagulation with hemostatic agents3. Check and avoiding any residual of the AVM4. Keep the patient under pressure control during postoperative periodFulfilling these steps contributes to reduce complications in this difficult surgery, leading to a safer treatment that compares favorably with natural history of brain arteriovenous malformations.

Political psychology

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (16) ◽  
pp. 619-626
Author(s):  
Mária Resch ◽  
Tamás Bella
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Political Psychology ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Behavioural Patterns ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
History Of

In Hungary one can mostly find references to the psychological processes of politics in the writings of publicists, public opinion pollsters, philosophers, social psychologists, and political analysts. It would be still important if not only legal scientists focusing on political institutions or sociologist-politologists concentrating on social structures could analyse the psychological aspects of political processes; but one could also do so through the application of the methods of political psychology. The authors review the history of political psychology, its position vis-à-vis other fields of science and the essential interfaces through which this field of science, which is still to be discovered in Hungary, connects to other social sciences. As far as its methodology comprising psycho-biographical analyses, questionnaire-based queries, cognitive mapping of interviews and statements are concerned, it is identical with the psychiatric tools of medical sciences. In the next part of this paper, the focus is shifted to the essence and contents of political psychology. Group dynamics properties, voters’ attitudes, leaders’ personalities and the behavioural patterns demonstrated by them in different political situations, authoritativeness, games, and charisma are all essential components of political psychology, which mostly analyses psychological-psychiatric processes and also involves medical sciences by relying on cognitive and behavioural sciences. This paper describes political psychology, which is basically part of social sciences, still, being an interdisciplinary science, has several ties to medical sciences through psychological and psychiatric aspects. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 619–626.

Global Development

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Lorenzini
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cold War

In the Cold War, “development” was a catchphrase that came to signify progress, modernity, and economic growth. Development aid was closely aligned with the security concerns of the great powers, for whom infrastructure and development projects were ideological tools for conquering hearts and minds around the globe, from Europe and Africa to Asia and Latin America. This book provides a global history of development, drawing on a wealth of archival evidence to offer a panoramic and multifaceted portrait of a Cold War phenomenon that transformed the modern world. Taking readers from the aftermath of the Second World War to the tearing down of the Berlin Wall, the book shows how development projects altered local realities, transnational interactions, and even ideas about development itself. The book shines new light on the international organizations behind these projects—examining their strategies and priorities and assessing the actual results on the ground—and it also gives voice to the recipients of development aid. It shows how the Cold War shaped the global ambitions of development on both sides of the Iron Curtain, and how international organizations promoted an unrealistically harmonious vision of development that did not reflect local and international differences. The book presents a global perspective on Cold War development, demonstrating how its impacts are still being felt today.

Assessment criteria for aggregate social welfare

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2358-2371
Author(s):  
S.A. Moskal'onov
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Exchange Economy ◽  
Assessment Criteria ◽  
Impossibility Theorem ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
Arrow's Impossibility Theorem ◽  
History Of

Subject. The article addresses the history of development and provides the criticism of existing criteria for aggregate social welfare (on the simple exchange economy (the Edgeworth box) case). Objectives. The purpose is to develop a unique classification of criteria to assess the aggregate social welfare. Methods. The study draws on methods of logical and mathematical analysis. Results. The paper considers strong, strict and weak versions of the Pareto, Kaldor, Hicks, Scitovsky, and Samuelson criteria, introduces the notion of equivalence and constructs orderings by Pareto, Kaldor, Hicks, Scitovsky, and Samuelson. The Pareto and Samuelson's criteria are transitive, however, not complete. The Kaldor, Hicks, Scitovsky citeria are not transitive in the general case. Conclusions. The lack of an ideal social welfare criterion is the consequence of the Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem, and of the group of impossibility theorems in economics. It is necessary to develop new approaches to the assessment of aggregate welfare.

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