Lung MRI in Children: The Road Less Travelled

Lung Mri

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lungs is one of the most underutilized imaging modality when it comes to imaging of thoracic diseases in children. This is largely due to less-than-optimal image quality and multiple technical challenges involved with MRI of the lungs. Advances in MRI technology along with increased awareness about optimization of MR protocol have led to it being viewed as a feasible option for evaluation of various chest diseases in children. This short review article takes the reader to the road less travelled to explore newer horizons for applications of this rapidly evolving magnetic resonance technique in the field of thoracic diseases in children.

Recent Advances in Lanthanide Based Nano-Architectures as Probes for Ultra High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867325666180201110244 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 352-361 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Silvanose Biju ◽

Tatjana N. Parac-Vogt

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

High Field ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Short Review ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Lanthanide Ions ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Multiple Imaging ◽

Paramagnetic Lanthanide ions incorporated into nano- architectures are emerging as a versatile platform for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) contrast agents due to their strong contrast enhancement effects combined with the platform capability to include multiple imaging modalities. This short review examines the application of lanthanide based nanoarchitectures (nanoparticles and nano- assemblies) in the development of multifunctional probes for single and multimodal imaging involving high field MRI as one imaging modality.

Magnetic resonance imaging in study of lungs

Medical Visualization ◽

10.24835/1607-0763-2019-4-10-23 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 10-23

Author(s):

T. A. Akhadov ◽

S. Yu. Guryakov ◽

M. V. Ublinsky

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Medical Society ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Iodinated Contrast ◽

Long Time ◽

Women And Children ◽

A Current ◽

Lung Mri

For a long time, there was a need to apply magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for lung visualization in clinical practice. The development of this method is stimulated by necessity of the emergence of an alternative to computed tomography, especially when radiation and injection of iodine-containing contrast agents are contraindicated or undesirable, for example, in pregnant women and children, people with intolerance to iodinated contrast. One of the reasons why lung MRI is still rarely used is lack of elaborated standardized protocols that would be adapted to clinical needs of medical society. This publication is a current literature review on the use of MRI in lung studies.

Occlusal stabilization appliance: evaluation of its efficacy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders

Journal of Applied Oral Science ◽

10.1590/s1678-77572004000300015 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 238-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Elisa Emi Tanaka ◽

Emiko Saito Arita ◽

Bunji Shibayama

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Temporomandibular Joint ◽

Temporomandibular Disorders ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Clinical Status ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Mri Evaluation

Occlusal stabilization appliances or splints are the most widely employed method for treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the most indicated imaging modality to evaluate the components of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Forty patients with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders were treated with splints for a mean period of 12 months, comprising regular semimonthly follow-ups. After stabilization of the clinical status, occlusal adjustments and MRI evaluation were performed. It was concluded that the success of this kind of treatment are related to the total (70%) or partial improvement (22.5%) of painful symptomatology and to the functional reestablishment of the craniomandibular complex. The MRI allowed evaluation and also the conclusion that the splints provide conditions for the organism to develop means to resist to the temporomandibular disorders by means of elimination of several etiologic factors. Moreover, after treatment the patients are able to cope with disc displacements with larger or smaller tolerance.

Comparison of spinal magnetic resonance imaging and myelography in cancer patients.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.1987.5.10.1663 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 1663-1669 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

C Hagenau ◽

W Grosh ◽

M Currie ◽

R G Wiley

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Radicular Pain ◽

Surface Coil ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Spinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Spinal involvement by systemic malignancy is common, and often leads to extradural compression of the spinal cord and/or nerve roots by metastases. Rapid, anatomically accurate diagnosis is essential to the successful management of these patients. We compared spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with conventional myelography in a series of 31 cancer patients being evaluated for myelopathy (N = 10), or back/radicular pain (N = 21). All patients were evaluated between April 1985 and July 1986, and underwent both studies within ten days of each other (median, two days). MRI was performed on a 0.5 Tesla Technicare unit with a body surface coil, and results compared with standard contrast myelography. All studies were reviewed separately and in a "blinded" fashion. MRI and myelography were comparable in detecting large lesions that produced complete subarachnoid block (five of ten patients with myelopathy, three of twenty-one patients with back/radicular pain). In 19 of 31 patients, smaller but clinically significant extradural lesions were found. In nine of 19 cases, these lesions were demonstrated equally well by both modalities; in nine of 19 cases, these lesions were demonstrated by myelography alone; in one of 19, a lesion was demonstrated by MRI alone. Given our current technology, myelography appeared superior to MRI as a single imaging modality. However, MRI may be an alternative in patients where total myelography is technically impossible or unusually hazardous.

Sensitivity of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Detection of Colorectal Liver Metastases

Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England ◽

10.1308/003588408x242303 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 25-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

S Blyth ◽

A Blakeborough ◽

M Peterson ◽

IC Cameron ◽

AW Majeed

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Liver Metastases ◽

Colorectal Liver Metastases ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Invasive Technique ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Mri Scans ◽

High Degree

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the detection of colorectal liver metastases. PATIENTS AND METHODS Pre-operative MRI scanning of the liver was performed by a single radiologist and the size and number of definite liver metastases were recorded. Patients then underwent hepatectomy with routine intra-operative ultrasonography (IOUS) and resected specimens were sent for histopathology. Pathology findings were compared with those of MRI scans to determine the sensitivity of this imaging modality. Exclusions were patients undergoing hepatic resection more than 4 weeks after the MRI scan, those undergoing chemotherapy at the time of the scan, and those with conglomerate unilobar metastases. RESULTS Complete data were available for 84 patients. There was total agreement between MRI, IOUS and histology in 79 patients (101 metastases). MRI missed 5 metastases in 5 patients that were found on IOUS (or palpation of superficial lesions) and subsequently confirmed by histological examination. These measured 5 mm or less (4 patients) and 7 mm (one patient). The sensitivity of MRI in the detection of colorectal liver metastases was thus 94% for all lesions and 100% for lesions 1 cm or larger in diameter. CONCLUSIONS MRI of the liver is a non-invasive technique with an extremely high degree of sensitivity in the detection of colorectal liver metastases and should be considered as the ‘gold standard’ in the pre-operative imaging of these patients.

Procedural Sedation of Preterm Neonate with Frequent Apnea during Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Case Report

Soonchunhyang Medical Science ◽

10.15746/sms.21.021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 88-90

Author(s):

Jaewoong Jung ◽

Juhui Park ◽

Yang Hoon Chung ◽

Won Seok Chae

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Preterm Neonate ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Older Children ◽

History Of ◽

Careful Assessment

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful and safe imaging modality for examining preterm infants. However, MRI examination requires careful precautions, and infants and children are likely to require deep sedation or anesthesia to keep them still during the examination. Sedation has various risks and the greatest concern of sedation is cardiorespiratory events. In addition, delicate titration is also necessary for preterm infants because propofol pharmacokinetics is different from those in older children. We successfully completed sedation of a preterm neonate (gestational age, 32+1 weeks; birth weight, 1,970 g) with a history of frequent apnea through careful assessment and continuous monitoring. We want to suggest alternative options for airway management of the high risk of respiratory complications.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Axial and Peripheral Disease in Psoriatic Arthritis: A Report From the 2020 GRAPPA Annual Meeting

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.201676 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. jrheum.201676

Author(s):

Walter P. Maksymowych ◽

Mikkel Østergaard

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Psoriatic Arthritis ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Scoring Systems ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Structural Abnormalities ◽

The Status ◽

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) presents with diverse features of musculoskeletal inflammation that affect both axial and peripheral joints as well as entheses, tenosynovium, and bursae. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality that is uniquely capable of identifying pathology in all these structures. The Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) Magnetic Resonance Imaging Working Group has increasingly explored diverse MRI methodologies for the purposes of quantifying inflammatory and structural abnormalities in clinical trials and research. The 2020 GRAPPA virtual workshop presented an opportunity to review progress in the field, summarize the status of MRI scoring systems developed for PsA, and review representative patient cases.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Psychiatry*

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/070674378703200815 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 32 (8) ◽

pp. 702-712 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

P. Conlon ◽

M.R. Trimble

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Structural Information ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Functional Change ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Basic Principles ◽

The Brain ◽

Radiological Technique

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a relatively new radiological technique that may be useful in the study of psychiatric illness. MRI gives detailed structural information about the brain and also allows quantification of functional change. Current areas of study relevant to psychiatry include: schizophrenia, dementia, epilepsy and, to a lesser extent, alcohol and affective disorders. The authors review the basic principles of MRI, discuss the recent application to psychiatry, indicate its potential advantages and comment on the current limitations of this imaging modality.

Implications and Considerations of Dental Materials in MRI: A Case Report and Literature Review

Case Reports in Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2020/8891302 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Brenton J. Wilson ◽

Phoebe E. O’hare ◽

John Zacariah

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Literature Review ◽

Diagnostic Imaging ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Dental Materials ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Basic Physics ◽

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has an increasing role as a diagnostic imaging modality. Dental materials have important implications on the use of MRI as a diagnostic imaging modality. A case of a dislodged crown while in an MRI machine prompted a review of the literature for the implications and considerations of dental materials with magnetic resonance technology. An understanding of the basic physics involved in magnetic resonance is required to appreciate the relevance of dental materials in an MRI scanner. This case report supported by a literature review recommends assessing a patient’s crown retention prior to and after MRI scanning.

Histopathologic Correlates of Nonmass Enhancement Detected by Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/arpa.2020-0266-oa ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vanda F. Torous ◽

Nancy A. Resteghini ◽

Jordana Phillips ◽

Vandana Dialani ◽

Priscilla J. Slanetz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Ductal Carcinoma ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Breast Mri ◽

Imaging Features ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Malignant Lesions ◽

Context.— Dynamic, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a highly sensitive imaging modality used for screening and diagnostic purposes. Nonmass enhancement (NME) is commonly seen on MRI of the breast. However, the pathologic correlates of NME have not been extensively explored. Consequently, concordance between MRI and pathologic findings in such cases may be uncertain and this uncertainty may cause the need for additional procedures. Objective.— To examine the histologic alterations that correspond to NME on MRI. Design.— We performed a retrospective search for women who underwent breast MRI between March 2014 and December 2016 and identified 130 NME lesions resulting in biopsy. The MRI findings and pathology slides for all cases were reviewed. The follow-up findings on any subsequent excisions were also noted. Results.— Among the 130 cases, the core needle biopsy showed 1 or more benign lesions without atypia in 80 cases (62%), atypical lesions in 21 (16%), ductal carcinoma in situ in 22 (17%), and invasive carcinoma in 7 (5%). Review of the imaging features demonstrated some statistically significant differences in lesions that corresponded to malignant lesions as compared with benign alterations, including homogeneous or clumped internal enhancement, type 3 kinetics, and T2 dark signal; however, there was considerable overlap of features between benign and malignant lesions overall. Of 130 cases, 54 (41.5%) underwent subsequent excision with only 6 cases showing a worse lesion on excision. Conclusions.— This study illustrates that NME can be associated with benign, atypical, and/or malignant pathology and biopsy remains indicated given the overlap of radiologic features.