scholarly journals Spontaneous Regression and Reoccurrence of Osteosarcoma in a Canine Tibia

VCOT Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. e86-e91
Author(s):  
Olivia Obringer ◽  
Bradley Coolman ◽  
Jason Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Core Biopsy ◽  
Proximal Tibia ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Osteolytic Lesion ◽  
Bone Tumour ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Multiple Biopsies ◽  
The Right

AbstractA 32-month-old female Labrador Retriever mix-breed presented for right pelvic limb lameness with firm swelling on the lateral aspect of the stifle. Radiographs revealed a mass with periosteal elevation along the lateral cortex of the proximal tibia. Histology on a core biopsy sample was diagnostic for osteosarcoma. Surgical treatment was declined. Eight months post diagnosis, the patient was re-evaluated by the primary care veterinarian and had no lameness, pain, or tibial swelling. Sixty-three months later (5.2 years), the patient presented for cranial cruciate ligament ruptures. Radiographs revealed a smooth bony protuberance on the lateral aspect of the right proximal tibia in the area of the previous osteosarcoma. The patient underwent bilateral tibial plateau levelling osteotomies. The surgical recovery was uneventful with normal healing. Twenty-seven months following surgery, the patient returned for painful swelling around the right proximolateral tibia. Radiographs revealed an 8 × 9 cm osteoproliferative and osteolytic lesion of the proximal tibia. Osteosarcoma was confirmed via core biopsy. The bone tumour grew rapidly, and the patient was euthanatized 3 months thereafter. This case report demonstrates the unusual occurrence of an osteosarcoma in a young dog which spontaneously regressed. Ninety months (7.5 years) after clinical resolution of the initial tumour, osteosarcoma formed again in the same location. Lifetime patient monitoring with repeated clinical exams, serial radiographs, and multiple biopsies by the same surgeon, pathologists, and radiologist are unique features of this case report.

Bilateral, Chronic Cranial Cruciate Ligament Avulsion in a Six-Year-Old Dog

1996 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 84-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Butterworth ◽  
A. R. S. Barr ◽  
P. A. Dieppe ◽  
J. F. Innes
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Tibial Insertion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bone Fragments ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hindlimb Lameness

SummaryA 6-year-old Samoyed was admitted with bilateral hindlimb stiffness and left hindlimb lameness. Results of clinical, radiographic and scintigraphic examinations were consistent with bilateral cruciate ligament deficiency. There was complete avulsion of the tibial insertion of the cranial cruciate ligament of the left stifle and partial avulsion of the right cranial cruciate ligament. Surgical treatment consisted of removal of avulsed bone fragments and placement of an intra-articular fascial graft.Avulsion of the cranial cruciate ligament is reported rarely in the dog. All cases in the literature have involved dogs less than three years of age and there is often a history of trauma. This Case Report describes bilateral atraumatic cranial cruciate ligament avulsion in a six-year-old dog. The factors involved in patterns of cruciate injury are discussed.

Conformation of the proximal tibia and cranial cruciate ligament disease in small breed dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Kyllar ◽  
Duncan Midgley ◽  
Martin Owen ◽  
Jan Janovec
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Proximal Tibia ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Tibial Tuberosity ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Relative Body Weight ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease ◽  
Small Breed

SummaryObjectives: To investigate the conformation of the proximal tibia in small breed dogs with and without cranial cruciate ligament disease (CCLD) and to identify morphologic abnormalities that may predispose to development of CCLD.Methods: Mediolateral radiographs of the entire tibia of dogs <15 kg with surgically confirmed CCLD were retrospectively evaluated. Proximal tibial width (PTW), tibial plateau length (TPL), tibial plateau angle as described by Slocum and Slocum (sTPA), proximal tibial tuberosity angle (PTTA), tibial plateau angle as described by Inauen and colleagues (nTPA), and diaphyseal tibial width (DTW) were measured. The same variables were obtained from mediolateral radiographs of the entire tibia of dogs <15 kg without CCLD. In addition, a quotient nTPA/ PTW, relative tibial tuberosity width (rTTW), and relative body weight (rBW) were calculated for each dog. Independent two-sample t-test (p = 0.05) was used to compare mean ± SD of all measured variables between the two groups.Results: Gender, age, and weight mean ± SD were not significantly different between the two groups of dogs (p <0.05). Dogs with CCLD had significantly greater sTPA (p = 0.015) and rBW (p = 0.016).Clinical significance: In dogs of small breeds, a combination of an excessively steep tibial plateau and an increased relative body weight may predispose to early CCLD development. The slope of the tibial plateau was found to be caused by an abnormal caudal angulation of the proximal tibia, a phenomenon previously associated with CCLD development in small breed dogs in individual cases.

Histiocytic sarcoma of the stifle in a dog with cranial cruciate ligament failure and TPLO treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 375-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Simko ◽  
G. Harasen
Keyword(s):  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Soft Tissue Mass ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Histiocytic Sarcoma ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Chronic Synovitis ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Ligament Failure ◽  
The Right

SummaryA 10-year-old spayed female Golden Retriever was admitted with chronic lameness of the right hind limb. A tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) had been performed on this leg approximately three years previously. A progressively growing soft tissue mass, affecting the right stifle, previously treated with TPLO was biopsied and found to be a histiocytic sarcoma. Previously proposed links between the development of neoplasia in the stifle region and the presence of chronic synovitis, osteotomy, orthopaedic implants, and specifically the Slocum TPLO plate, are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Arthroscopically Guided Proximal Tibial Epiphysiodesis Screw Placement as Treatment of a Bilateral Partial Cranial Cruciate Ligament Injury in a Juvenile Dog

VCOT Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. e112-e118
Author(s):  
Mélanie Olive ◽  
Alexandre Caron ◽  
Alexandre Fournet ◽  
Maïa Vanel
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Varus Deformity ◽  
Screw Placement ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Golden Retriever ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
The Right

AbstractThis study aimed to describe surgical technique of arthroscopically guided proximal tibial epiphysiodesis screw placement in the treatment of a bilateral partial cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture in a 5.6-month-old Golden Retriever. A 19-kg, 5.6-month-old female Golden Retriever was diagnosed with bilateral partial CrCL rupture. Proximal tibial epiphysiodesis was performed bilaterally under arthroscopic guidance. Arthroscopic stifle joint inspection was performed bilaterally with a 2.7 mm arthroscope. A medial port at the level of the distal one-third of the patella was used as camera portal. A lateral instrument port was positioned at the level of the distal one-third of the patella. A 3.0 mm diameter headless cannulated self-compressive screw was placed into the centre of the tibial cranial intercondyloid area as parallel as possible to the tibial shaft axis under arthroscopic control. Screw head was buried. Arthroscopic guidance allowed good accuracy in screw placement, specifically in its insertion point. However, the screw orientation was less satisfactory. The tibial plateau angle progressively decreased in both stifles to achieve 15 degrees on the left and 16 degrees on the right at the last follow-up. A varus deformity developed on both stifles. No clinical consequences were observed. Recurrence of right pelvic lameness occurred 1 year postoperatively because of a medial meniscal lesion, which necessitated partial caudal meniscectomy. Arthroscopically guided proximal tibial epiphysiodesis is technically feasible and is a minimally invasive treatment of CrCL injury in a juvenile dog.

scholarly journals Surgical model of osteoarthritis secondary to medial patellar luxation in dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Alam ◽  
H.B. Lee ◽  
M.S. Kim ◽  
N.S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Surgical Model ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

This study was performed to make a surgical model of osteoarthritis (OA) in the dog. Experimental medial patellar luxation (MPL) was surgically produced in the left stifle (index) of 24 skeletally mature mixed small breed dogs (age two to six years and weight 2.8 to 9 kg). The animals were randomly allocated in 2 groups; sham group (n = 12), where the right stifle was sham operated and control group (n = 12) with intact right stifle. Physical and radiographic examinations of both stifles were performed at 1.5 months intervals over a one-year experimental period. One dog was euthanatized every three months, and both stifles were explored, gross examination was performed and tissue samples from the articular cartilage, cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) and synovium were collected for histomorphology. The clinical signs of OA were obvious in the experimental dogs by 12 weeks of surgical induction of MPL, which was also evidenced in the histopathology of the joint tissues and electron microscopy of the articular cartilage. The radiographic changes of OA were not obvious until remarkable degenerative changes became abvious six months postoperatively. Surgically induced MPL can be a successful tool for experimental induction of OA in dogs.

scholarly journals Case Report: Metastatic Parosteal Osteosarcoma in a Dog

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah K. Samuels ◽  
Matthew R. Cook ◽  
Eric Green ◽  
Ryan Jennings ◽  
Roy R. Pool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy ◽  
Distal Humerus ◽  
Parosteal Osteosarcoma ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Histopathologic Diagnosis ◽  
The Right

This case report describes a rare form of malignant bone tumor in an 8-year-old Labrador retriever. This dog initially presented for evaluation of a right distal humeral mass. Radiographs of the right elbow and thorax were performed, revealing a smooth mineralized mass adjacent to the lateral aspect of the distal humerus and a 5mm pulmonary nodule. Computed tomography (CT) of the humerus and thorax showed a smooth mineralized lesion adjacent to the lateral humeral epicondyle, and a right cranial lung lobe nodule with a thin mineral rim. Surgical biopsies of both lesions were diagnostic for parosteal osteosarcoma (POSA). The dog was then treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) which controlled the dog's discomfort for 14 months until he became progressively painful and subsequently had his right forelimb amputated. This case report is the first to document the CT imaging characteristics of a metastatic appendicular POSA in a dog and the first dog described with POSA treated with SBRT. The dog lived for 623 days after histopathologic diagnosis and 849 days after initial presentation with pulmonary metastatic disease.

scholarly journals Comparison of the proximal tibial angles between Labrador Retrievers and other dog breeds with and without cranial cruciate ligament rupture

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1254-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. D. P. Arruda ◽  
L. A. L. Muzzi ◽  
R. A. L. Muzzi ◽  
A. C. C. Lacreta Júnior ◽  
G. Oberlender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Proximal Tibia ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Patellar Ligament ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Insertion Angle ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Labrador Retrievers

ABSTRACTThe influence of the proximal tibia conformation in the rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) in dogs is still controversial, especially in Labrador Retrievers. The aim of this study was to compare the angles of the proximal tibia between Labrador Retrievers and other large breeds of dogs, both groups with and without CCL rupture. Radiographic images of 64 stifle joints were obtained and divided into four groups of 16 images. Group 1 consisted of Labrador dogs without orthopedic disorders, group 2 consisted of Labrador dogs with CCL rupture, group 3 consisted of dogs of various large breeds without orthopedic disorders, and group 4 consisted of dogs of various large breeds with CCL rupture. The radiographs were performed in mediolateral projection with the stifle joint positioned at an approximate angle of 135°. The tibial plateau angle showed an overall average of 22.17°±4.20°, and there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. The patellar ligament angle in relation to the tibial plateau had a mean of 103°±4.20°, and there was a significant difference between groups 1 and 4. The patellar ligament angle in relation to the common tangent at the tibiofemoral contact point showed an average of 99.06°±6.08°, and there was no difference between the groups. The patellar ligament insertion angle had an overall average of 51.45°±5.06°, and there was a significant difference between the two groups of normal dogs and two groups of ruptured dogs. In conclusion, the tibial plateau angle, the patellar ligament angles and the patellar ligament insertion angle do not seem to be predisposing factors for rupture of the CCL in Labrador Retriever dogs. In general, there seems to be no relationship between the angles of the proximal tibia and the CCL rupture in dogs.

Tibial plateau levelling osteotomy in an alpaca

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 332-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Girard ◽  
J. O’Riordan ◽  
N. Fitzpatrick ◽  
T. J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Tibial Osteotomy ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Pelvic Limb ◽  
The Right

SummaryIn this report, a case of cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture treated by tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO), in a 36-month-old male breeding alpaca, is described. The alpaca was presented with the complaint of acute onset of right pelvic limb lameness. The findings of our clinical and radiographic examinations were consistent with CrCL insufficiency of the right stifle joint. The right tibial plateau angle measured prior to surgery was 19°. A TPLO was performed and this eliminated cranial tibial thrust. Culture of a swab taken from the surgical site prior to wound closure was positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Enrofloxacin was administered parenterally for two weeks postoperatively. There were not any clinical signs of infection noted. Outcome assessments included veterinary examination (two and six weeks) and owner assessment (28 months). At two weeks the animal walked with a grade 2/5 lameness, and at six weeks radiographic examination showed progression of bone healing at the site of tibial osteotomy. A return to full breeding fitness occurred by eight weeks after the surgery. The alpaca remained free from lameness 28 months later, according to the owner.

An incidental dense bone island: A review of potential medical and orthodontic implications of dense bone islands and case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Mairead Sinnott ◽  
Samantha Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Radiographic Appearance ◽  
Space Closure ◽  
Bone Island ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Dense bone islands (DBIs) are usually asymptomatic and do not require any treatment. This case report presents a DBI of an unusual presentation, which was an incidental finding on a radiograph of a 15-year-old orthodontic patient. The DBI lesion was 24 mm in size, occupying at least 50% of the alveolar process between the upper right canine and lateral incisor, extending up the lateral aspect of the anterior margin of the right nasal fossa. Generally, DBIs are 2–3 mm in size and more commonly found in the mandible in the molar and premolar region. This article further discusses the impact of DBIs on orthodontic treatment such as difficulty with achieving space closure and adequate root tip or torque. We also examine the potential medical implications of DBIs. This is clinically important, especially if multiple DBIs, or osteomas which have a similar radiographic appearance to DBIs, are found in a patient as they may be associated with adenomatous intestinal polyps, which, if not treated, have a 100% chance of becoming malignant transformation

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