Evaluating quality in endoscopy

Endoscopy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (06) ◽  
pp. 581-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiko Pohl
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Patient Perspective ◽  
Quality Measures ◽  
Work Setting ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
Composite Measures ◽  
Individual Care ◽  
Number Of Publications

AbstractDespite an increasing number of publications and suggested quality measures, evaluating quality in endoscopy remains a challenge. Most quality measures are process measures and lack evidence for an association with clinically important outcomes. Furthermore, most measure focus on procedural aspects. Patients’ expectations, cultural values, and work setting also affect quality, but are less often considered. The aim of this article is to broaden the view on quality assessment. Here, quality is viewed from four perspectives: an individual patient perspective, which considers expectations and personal values; a cultural perspective, which encompasses cultural values and norms; an individual care perspective, which includes how an individual patient is being treated; and a societal perspective, which sets the stage for provided care. The article concludes with a proposal to consider bundled composite measures as a path to a simple yet comprehensive approach to assessing and measuring quality in endoscopy.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NO-REFERENCE QUALITY MEASURES FOR DIGITAL IMAGES

2017 ◽  
pp. 24-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Starovoitov ◽  
F. V. Starovoitov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Quality Measures ◽  
Reference Image ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Reference Quality ◽  
Number Of Publications

This paper presents results of a comparative analysis of 34 measures published in the scientific literature and used for evaluation of the image quality without a reference image. In English literature, they are called no-reference (NR) measure or measures NR-type. The first article, the term no-reference, was published in 2000 and each year a growing number of publications on new measures NR-type. However, comparative studies of such measures is not practically conducted. Such measures are very important for a) just made photo quality evaluation, b) assessment of image enhancement transformations and selection of their parameters (such as contrast and brightness adjustments, tone-mapping, decolorization and others). Publicly available image quality databases used for study no-reference quality measures (TID2013, etc.), contain 4-5 variants of images distorted by predefined transformations with unknown parameters. We presented six types of experiments to analyze correlation of the computed numerical quality values with visual estimates of the test images quality. Four of the experiments are new: comparison of images after gamma-correction and contrast enhancement with different parameters, as well as analysis of the retouched images and photos taken with different focal length. It was shown experimentally that no one of the known no-reference quality assessment measure is universal, and the calculated value cannot be converted to a quality scale, excluding factors influencing the distortion of the image. Most of the studied measures calculates local estimates in small neighborhoods, and their arithmetic mean is the quality index of the image. If the image contains large areas of uniform brightness, the measures of this type can give incorrect quality assessment, which will not correlate with the visual assessments.

Ethnic variation in emotion regulation: do cultural differences end where psychopathology begins?

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 445-445
Author(s):  
E.A. Arens ◽  
N. Balkir ◽  
S. Barnow
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ethnic Variation ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Turkish Immigrants ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Turkish Patients ◽  
Mental Well Being

IntroductionEmotion regulation (ER) via cognitive reappraisal (CR) has been shown to be superior to the use of expressive suppression (ES) in terms of several aspects of mental well-being. However, a cultural perspective suggests that the consequences of ES may be moderated by cultural values (Western/individualistic vs. Eastern/collectivistic values).ObjectiveTo test this hypothesis that ES may be associated with better outcomes in collectivistic cultures (e.g. Turkey) than in individualistic cultures (e.g. Germany) not only in healthy individuals but also in patients with mental disorders.AimThis study aims to gather knowledge to what extent associations of ER strategies and mental health are universal or rather culturally specific.MethodsWe investigated healthy (n = 30) and depressed (n = 30) German women and healthy (n = 30) and depressed (n = 30) Turkish immigrants living in Germany. Groups were compared in terms of frequency of ER strategies (CR and ES) and their consequences for different aspects of mental well-being.ResultsHealthy Turkish immigrants exhibited a greater ER flexibility (frequent use of ES plus frequent use of CR) what was associated with more positive outcomes of ES in Turkish than in German women. None of these differences were found between patient samples, both of which showed a greater use of ES than CR.ConclusionsResults suggest that cultural moderation of ES consequences are associated with a greater ER flexibility in healthy Turkish individuals. Depressed Turkish patients may not profit from ES due to their more rigid use of ES.

Vietnamese Proverbs From a Cultural Perspective

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Quy Ngo Thi ◽  
◽  
Hong Minh Nguyen Thi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Speakers Of Other Languages ◽  
New Research

Proverbs are important data depicting the traditional culture of each nation. Vietnamese proverbs, dated thousands of years ago, are an immense valuable treasure of experience which the Vietnamese people desire to pass to the younger generations. This paper aims to explore the unique and diversified world of intelligence and spirits of the Vietnamese through a condensed and special literary genre, as well as a traditional value of the nation (Nguyen Xuan Kinh 2013, Tran Ngoc Them 1996, Le Chi Que and Ngo Thi Thanh Quy 2014). Through an interdisciplinary approach, from an anthropological point of view, approaching proverbs we will open up a vast treasure of knowledge and culture of all Vietnamese generations. The study has examined over 16,000 Vietnamese proverbs and analysed three groups expressing Vietnamese people’s behaviors toward nature, society and their selves, and compared them with English and Japanese proverbs. The research has attempted to explore the beauty of Vietnamese language, cultural values and the souls and personalities of Vietnam. Approaching Vietnamese proverbs under the interdisciplinary perspective of language, culture and literature is a new research direction in the field of Social Sciences and Humanity in Vietnam. From these viewpoints, it is seen that proverbs have remarkably contributed to the language and culture of Vietnam as well as and constructed to the practice of language use in everyday life which is imaginary, meaningful and effective in communication. Furthermore, the study seeks to inspire the Vietnamese youth’s pride in national identity and to encourage their preservation and promotion for traditional values of the nation in the context of integration and globalisation. In the meantime, it would be favourable to introduce and market the beauty of Vietnamese language, culture and people to the world, encouraging the speakers of other languages to study, explore and understand Vietnam.

Quality of care assessment in acute cardiac care

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Fiona Ecarnot ◽  
François Schiele
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Quality Measures ◽  
Cardiac Care ◽  
Composite Measures ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
Measuring Outcomes ◽  
Acute Cardiac Care

This chapter will describe the use of performance measures and quality measures in the assessment of the quality of care delivered to patients with acute cardiovascular disease. It gives a brief recap of the major landmarks in the development of the use of performance measures, and goes on to explain the different approaches to measuring processes of care and to measuring outcomes. The utility and construction of composite measures is also described.

Nigerian corruption complex: rethinking complementarities to curative measures

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 576-588
Author(s):  
Moses Udo Ikoh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Legal Remedies ◽  
National Values ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Institutional Responses ◽  
Emerging Culture ◽  
Values Orientation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the emerging corruption complex in Nigeria, the cultural nexus that influence its enculturation, dynamics and the amoral values that tend to shape it. Design/methodology/approach The paper drew data largely from documentary and empirical secondary sources for analysis. Findings Current institutional responses are not effective and cannot be sustainable in the fight against corruption. The enculturation process needs to be countered through measures other than arrest, prosecution and punishment to include mass mobilisation, values orientation, conscientisation and sensitisation of Nigerians on the evils of corruption. Research limitations/implications The endemicity of corruption in Nigeria suggests the multiplicity of its causative factors. But this study focuses only on primordial cultural fault line which hinders collective conscience in the fight against corruption. Practical implications Implementing the suggestions on moral awakening – value orientation, conscientisation, mass mobilisation and sensitisation – is thought of as enthronement of national values as opposed to primordial ethnic cultural values. It would complement the legal remedies in the fight against corruption. Social implications The building of character of Nigerians alongside existing laws on corruption will checkmate emerging culture of corruption that is attracting adherents in both business and bureaucratic activities in the countries. Originality/value The paper takes a cultural perspective and explains how primordial cultural values inhibit natural cultural values to enthrone amoral values that have contributed to the emergence corruption complex in Nigeria.

Stinky Tofu and Smelly Cheese

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-81
Author(s):  
Yvonne Chi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
South African ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Discourse Strategies ◽  
Food And Identity ◽  
Couples Interaction

This paper investigates how multilingual couples with different languages and cultural backgrounds construct their identities through their conversations about food from a socio-cultural perspective. It is based on the interviews, observations, and naturally-occurring conversations between three multilingual couples. The participants consist of Taiwanese nationals, and their foreign partners (Irish, Italian, and South-African) living in England. In order to understand such talk in interaction, the study takes an interactional sociolinguistic approach to analyze how their discourse identities are performed. The study attempts to provide a better understanding of multilingual couples’ interaction in food and identity contexts through a microanalysis of the sequential turns. The analysis demonstrates how the three Taiwanese-foreign couples use different discourse strategies to negotiate and share their different attitudes, preferences, cultural values and identities during conversations about food.

Developing and evaluating composite measures of cancer care quality.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (30_suppl) ◽  
pp. 187-187
Author(s):  
Cleo A Samuel ◽  
Mary Beth Landrum ◽  
Alan M Zaslavsky ◽  
Karl A. Lorenz ◽  
Nancy Lynn Keating
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
Composite Measures ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Va Hospitals ◽  
Non Surgical Treatment

187 Background: Composite measures are useful for distilling quality data into summary scores; yet, there has been limited use of composite measures for cancer care quality measurement. We compared multiple approaches for generating composite measures of cancer care quality and evaluated how well composite measures summarize dimensions of cancer care and predict survival. Methods: We computed hospital-level rates for 13 colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer process measures for care delivered in 59 Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals between 2001-2004. We generated 3 sets of composite measures: 3 cancer-specific composites (colorectal, lung, prostate), 3 care-modality-specific composites (diagnosis, surgery, non-surgical treatment), and 4 empirical-factor domain composites based on an exploratory factor analysis. We assessed correlations among all composite measures and estimated separate Cox proportional hazards models predicting all-cause survival for colon, rectal, non-small cell lung, and small cell lung cancers as a function of composite scores, controlling for patient clinical and demographic characteristics. Results: Four factors emerged from the factor analysis and accounted for 68.7% of the total variation in the cancer care measures. The factor domains included a combination of cancer-specific factors for "colorectal early diagnosis" and "prostate treatment" and care-modality-specific factors for "surgical treatment" and "non-surgical treatment.” We observed strong correlations (r) among composite measures comprised of similar process measures (r=.58 to 1.00, p<.0001), but not among composite measures reflecting different care dimensions. Across the different approaches, few composite measures were associated with survival. Conclusions: Each of the composite measure approaches examined reflected different aspects of cancer care quality, with the empirical-factor domains reflecting a combination of cancer-specific and modality-specific care domains. However, there was little evidence pointing to a single best approach for cancer care composite measurement. Weak associations across different care domains suggest that low- and high-quality cancer care delivery may coexist within VA hospitals.

Cultural values matter

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyeon Kim ◽  
Izumi Mori ◽  
Abd Rahman Abdul Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Personal Traits ◽  
Fierce Competition ◽  
Person Organization Fit ◽  
Japanese Companies ◽  
Corporate Employment ◽  
Employer Attractiveness

As the economic footprint of developing countries increases, talent management grows in importance for foreign multinational companies in emerging markets. Multinational companies, however, face fierce competition for local talent, and competitive recruiting calls for practical knowledge about the personal traits of job applicants. The present study applies a cross-cultural perspective to this issue, exploring how individually held cultural values influence the attractiveness of Japanese companies in Malaysia. Drawing on similarity-attraction theory and person–organization fit theory, the study quantitatively analyses data from a paper-based survey of 245 prospective jobseekers. The findings indicate that an individual cultural value fit with the foreign company’s country of origin is significant predictors of employer attractiveness. Specifically, the study finds that potential Malaysian jobseekers who are lower in power distance and higher in risk aversion and long-term orientation view Japanese companies as attractive future employers and have higher job-pursuit behavior. Based on this finding, the study discusses theoretical and practical contributions to corporate employment strategies.

scholarly journals QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF BUILDING TEXTURES EXTRACTED FROM OBLIQUE AIRBORNE THERMAL IMAGERY

2016 ◽  
Vol III-1 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
D. Iwaszczuk ◽  
U. Stilla
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Texture Mapping ◽  
Quality Measures ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Thermal Infrared Images ◽  
Thermal Data ◽  
3D Scene ◽  
Texture Extraction

Thermal properties of the building hull became an important topic of the last decade. Combining the thermal data with building models makes it possible to analyze thermal data in a 3D scene. In this paper we combine thermal images with 3D building models by texture mapping. We present a method for texture extraction from oblique airborne thermal infrared images. We put emphasis on quality assessment of these textures and evaluation of their usability for thermal inspections. The quality measures used for assessment are divided to resolution, occlusion and matching quality.

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