Positive and Negative Interactions among Individuals of a Root Hemiparasite

Plant Biology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Matthies
Keyword(s):  
Root Hemiparasite ◽  
Negative Interactions

A New Approach for the Analysis of Mixture Toxicity Data

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2345-2348 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N. Haas
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Mixture Toxicity ◽  
New Method ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Toxicity Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Negative Interactions

A new method for the quantitative analysis of multiple toxicity data is described and illustrated using a data set on metal exposure to copepods. Positive interactions are observed for Ni-Pb and Pb-Cr, with weak negative interactions observed for Ni-Cr.

scholarly journals Impact of MASP2 gene polymorphism and gene-tea drinking interaction on susceptibility to tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihao Li ◽  
Mian Wang ◽  
Hua Zhong ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Xinyin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Model ◽  
Lectin Pathway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Tea Drinking ◽  
Mannan Binding Lectin ◽  
The Complement System ◽  
Negative Interactions

AbstractMannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease-2 (MASP-2) has been reported to play an important role as a key enzyme in the lectin pathway of the complement system. The objectives of our study were to determine whether the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) of MASP2 and the gene-tea drinking interaction were associated with the susceptibility to TB. In total, 503 patients and 494 healthy controls were contained. Three SNPs (rs12142107, rs12711521, and rs7548659) were genotyped. The association between the SNPs and susceptibility to TB were investigated by conducting multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis. The gene-tea drinking interactions were analyzed by the additive model of marginal structural linear odds models. Both genotype AC + AA at rs12711521 of MASP2 genes and genotype GT + GG at rs7548659 of MASP2 genes were more prevalent in the TB patient group than the healthy control group (OR: 1.423 and 1.439, respectively, P < 0.05). In addition, The relative excess risk of interaction (RERI) between tea drinking and rs12142107, rs12711521, and rs7548659 of MASP2 genes was found to suggest negative interactions, which reached − 0.2311 (95% confidence interval (CI): − 0.4736, − 0.0113), − 0.7080 (95% CI − 1.3998, − 0.0163), and − 0.5140 (95% CI − 0.8988, − 0.1291), respectively (P < 0.05). Our finding indicated that the SNPs (rs12711521 and rs7548659) of MASP2 were associated with the susceptibility to TB. Furthermore, there were negative interactions between tea drinking and rs12142107, rs12711521, and rs75548659 of MASP2 gene, respectively. Our research provides a basis for studying the pathogenesis and prevention of tuberculosis.

Facilitation promotes plant invasions and indirect negative interactions

Oikos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Lortie ◽  
Alessandro Filazzola ◽  
Charlotte Brown ◽  
Jacob Lucero ◽  
Mario Zuliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Negative Interactions

scholarly journals Factors influencing the occurrence of negative interactions between people and crocodilians in Mexico

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Giovany Arturo González-Desales ◽  
Luis Sigler ◽  
Jesús García-Grajales ◽  
Pierre Charruau ◽  
Martha Mariela Zarco-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Rigorous Evaluation ◽  
Caiman Crocodilus ◽  
Crocodylus Acutus ◽  
American Crocodile ◽  
Nesting Sites ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nesting Season ◽  
Negative Interactions

Abstract Negative interactions between people and crocodilians have increased worldwide, but in Mexico there have been few systematic reports and no rigorous evaluation of this problem. We compiled information on negative interactions between people and the spectacled caiman Caiman crocodilus and American crocodile Crocodylus acutus from the Worldwide Crocodilian Attack Database for 1993–2018, and we investigated interactions in greater depth, through interviews with people in La Encrucijada Biosphere Reserve. We examined the relationship between the occurrence of negative interactions between people and C. acutus and the species' nesting season and abundance, and presence records. In Mexico, the frequency of negative interactions increases when anthropogenic activities occur close to nesting sites (< 30 km) and during the nesting season (February–September). In La Encrucijada, following negative interactions with crocodiles, the local inhabitants killed 30 crocodiles measuring > 2.5 m long in 2011–2012. The frequency of negative human–crocodilian interactions was not correlated with the abundance of crocodilians but was correlated with the number of presence records of crocodiles. Strategies to minimize these interactions include warnings at nesting sites, increased monitoring of anthropogenic activities during the nesting season, and management of nests to prevent them being destroyed by people.

Effects of root hemiparasite Escobedia grandiflora (Orobanchaceae) on southern Brazilian grasslands: diversity, composition, and functional groups

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edison Cardona Medina ◽  
Rafael Barbizan Sühs ◽  
Daniel de Barcellos Falkenberg ◽  
Fernando Joner ◽  
Rubens Onofre Nodari
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Root Hemiparasite

Phenetic relationships among different races of Striga gesnerioides (Willd.) Vatke from West Africa

Genome ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1351-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Botanga ◽  
Michael P. Timko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Differential Resistance ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Root Hemiparasite ◽  
Striga Gesnerioides ◽  
Phenetic Relationships

Striga gesnerioides is a root hemiparasite that primarily parasitizes dicotyledonous species, including cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L.) and other legumes. Based on the differential resistance response of various cultivars, landraces, and breeding lines, it has been proposed that several distinct races of cowpea-parasitic S. gesnerioides exist in West Africa. In this study, we used amplified fragment length polymorphism profile analysis to examine the genetic variability within and among populations of cowpea-parasitic S. gesnerioides within the suspected distribution range of a particular race, and statistical clustering methods to define the phenetic relationships of the various races in West Africa. Our data indicate that genetic variability within and among populations of each of the previously recognized races of cowpea-parasitic S. gesnerioides is extremely low. On the basis of genotypic profile and host differential resistance responses, 2 previously unknown races were identified. Of the 7 races now identifiable, races SG1 (from Burkina Faso) and SG5 (from Cameroon) are the most closely related, and SG4 (from Benin) and SG3 (from Niger/Nigeria) are the most divergent. SG6, a new race of the parasite identified in Senegal, was found to be the most genetically similar to SG4 from Benin. We also demonstrate that a hypervirulent isolate of the S. gesnerioides from Zakpota, in the Republic of Benin, is genotypically distinct from other populations of SG4, thereby warranting designation as a separate race, which we called SG4z. To further support our race classification scheme, we identified a group of molecular markers that effectively discriminate each of the various races. Finally, we show that an isolate (designated SG4i) of the wild legume Indigofera hirsuta –parasitic S. gesnerioides is genetically distinct and significantly diverged from the various races of cowpea-parasitic S. gesnerioides. Our data suggest that both geographic isolation and host-driven selection are critical factors defining race formation in S. gesnerioides in West Africa.

scholarly journals Portfolio generation goes beyond project selection: interdependencies must drive new alternatives creation

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Tromboni de Souza Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Management ◽  
Project Selection ◽  
Project Portfolio ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Negative Interactions

The portfolio management literature mainstream, the Project Selection Paradigm, regards projects as closed packages ready for choice. However, to generate a portfolio, such packages must be opened to reveal the inside sources of interdependencies among them. Then, the project elements so found may be recombined into new alternatives that better capture the synergies among projects and avoid negative interactions. Thus project selection can be superseded by a Project Portfolio Generation based on a projects' and portfolios' reformulation process.

scholarly journals Undesirable Outcomes of Starvation Therapy of Cancer Require Special Attention

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fawwaz Shakir Al Joudi
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Research ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Vast Amount ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Negative Interactions

Nutritional starvation is a growing area of research into development of cancer therapy. Within the vast amount of positive research findings in starvation trials, there have been weaknesses in some of the systems utilized. Because such weaknesses are taken as adverse points that must be well-thought-out and avoided, such negative effects have been sought from the literature and presented in this work. This mini-review can then be a suitable guide for researchers and clinicians to either avoid situations where the growth of certain cancer cells is enhanced by certain forms or modes of starvation, or their metastatic abilities are boosted. The intra- and extra-cellular mechanisms associated with these cellular enhancements have been demonstrated. Some negative interactions of starvation with chemotherapy have also been included. The understanding of these mechanisms can help avoid them for better future experimental and clinical results and may, at the same time, open new avenues for research workers to find ways of dismantling them.

scholarly journals Enemies with benefits: integrating positive and negative interactions among terrestrial carnivores

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura R. Prugh ◽  
Kelly J. Sivy
Keyword(s):  
Negative Interactions
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