A cross-sectional study on the tea consumption effects of ankle–brachial index

Objectives This thesis aims to explore the relationship between tea consumption and ankle–brachial index (ABI) and further studies the relationship between tea consumption and lower extremity atherosclerosis. Methods This is a cross-sectional, epidemiological survey of 17,373 subjects selected from the staff of Kailuan Group who had come to Kailuan General Hospital for a health examination from January 2016 to December 2017. Tea consumption was obtained by questionnaires. ABI was measured using an automated analyzer. The other data, such as age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and so on, was collected on the same day of the health examination results. The relationship between tea drinking habits and ABI was studied using logistic regression and multivariate linear regression analysis. Results Among the 17,373 analyzed subjects, the difference in age, gender, BMI, heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), uric acid (UA), C-reactive protein (CRP), fasting blood-glucose (Fbg), and ABI was statistically significant in the tea-drinking group and the nontea-drinking group ( p < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression models revealed that tea consumption was a positive predictor for ABI (odds ratio (OR) = 0.782, confidence interval (CI), 0.615–0.994) ( p < 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis of the ABI value showed that frequent tea-drinking has a positive correlation with the ABI value ( p < 0.05). Conclusions The higher tea consumption is significantly associated with higher ABI which means less risk for lower extremity atherosclerosis.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE, NUTRITIONAL ADEQUACY LEVEL, TEA DRINKING HABITS AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS WITH ANEMIA AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN SMK PRATAMA MULYA KARAWANG

Introduction: Adolescent is a nation’s future asset that is prone to nutritional problems. One of the nutritional problem in adolescent is anemia. Anemia is a condition when the hemoglobin level is below normal limits. Currenty, anemia among adolescent is still a health problem both globally and in Indonesia. Anemia has a negative impact on adolescents, including reducing concentration in learning, reducing work productivity, and disrupting the body’s defense system. Furthermore, anemia is one of the indirect factors that cause maternal death. The prevalence of anemia among adolescent in Karawang Regency, especially at SMK Pratama Mulya Karawang is still quite high (53,3%), so it is necessary to do further research on the factors that influence the incidence of anemia among adolescent girls. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, nutritional adequacy level, tea drinking habits, and nutritional status with incidence of adolescent girls anemia in SMK Pratama Mulya Karawang. Method: This study use a quantitative observational research with a cross sectional design. The minimum number of samples in this study was 65 people. Anemia data was collected using biochemical measurements of hemoglobin levels, knowledge data using a knowledge questionnare, nutritional intake data and tea drinking habits were carried out by interviewing using the SQ-FFQ form, while nutritional status data was measured by anthropometric measurements. Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between energy adequacy levels, protein adequacy levels, iron adequacy levels, and vitamin C adequacy levels with the incidence of anemia and there was no significant relationship between knowledge, vitamin B12 adequacy levels, tea drinking habits and nutritional status with the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls. Conclusion: Nutritional adequacy level is related to the incident of anemia among adolescent gils in SMK Pratama Mulya Karawang

Prevalence of Dementia in China in 2015: A Nationwide Community-Based Study

Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and associated risk factors among the general Chinese population.Methods: We carried out a nationwide study including 24,117 participants aged 60 years and older in China using a multistage clustered sampling. Dementia and AD were diagnosed according to the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the criteria issued by the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke–Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association. Face-to-face interviews were administered by the trained interviewers to obtain information on demographics, lifestyle factors, and previous diseases.Results: The overall weighted prevalence of dementia was 4.22% (95%CI 2.27–6.17%) for people aged 60 years and older, was higher in women than in men and increased with age. Daily tea drinking and daily exercises were the protective factors for both dementia and AD. Engaging in social and intellectual activities was significantly associated with a lower risk of dementia and AD.Conclusions: A large number of population with dementia posed a significant challenge to China where the population is rapidly aging. The increase of public awareness, building more care facilities, and training dementia specialists and professional caregivers are all urgently needed and should be the future priorities of dementia care in China.

Association between Tea-drinking Habits and Anemia on Pregnant Women in Makassar, Indonesia

Background: The condition of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia is exacerbated by the habits of consuming tea. Anemia in pregnant women is still a health problem and a high-level cause of death that causes maternal bleeding indirectly. In Indonesia, tea is the most consumed beverage after water. The aroma of fragrant tea and its distinctive taste make this drink widely consumed. Tea can also be used as an antioxidant, improve skin, and slim the body. However, tea-drinking habits in pregnant women can affect the risk of anemia because tea contains tannins that can inhibit the absorption of iron. Purpose: To analyze the association between tea-drinking habits and anemia on pregnant women in Makassar, Indonesia. Methods: This was a quantitative study with cross-sectional design. The subject in this study was 36 pregnant women in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy that was chosen by accidental sampling. The analysis that used was chi-square test to examine the association between tea-drinking habits and anemia. A systematic questionnaire was used to collect data by interviewing respondents. Result: Of the 36 pregnant women who always drink tea, 22 respondents (48%) had anemia and 14 respondents (30%) were not anemic. Meanwhile, of 10 respondents who did not have tea consumption habits, 6 respondents (13%) had anemia and 4 respondents (9%) did not suffer from anemia. Chi-square test showed p=1,000 (p>0,05), which means that there was no association between tea consumption and anemia. Conclusion: Tea-drinking habit was not related to anemia in pregnant women in Makassar, Indonesia. Pregnant women may consume tea after eating but they need to control the interval, at least one hour after having a meal to avoid anemia.

Influencing mechanisms of lifestyle and dietary factors on chronic diseases among community residents: updated evidence in Shanghai, China

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the risk factors for chronic diseases and identify the potential influencing mechanisms from the perspectives of lifestyle and dietary factors. The findings could provide updated and innovative evidence for the prevention and control of chronic diseases. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Shanghai, China. Participants: 1,005 adults from Yangpu district of Shanghai participated in the study, and responded to questions on dietary habits, lifestyle, and health status. Results: Residents suffering from chronic diseases accounted for 34.99% of the respondents. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, diet quality, amount of exercise and tea drinking were related to chronic diseases. Age>60 and overeating (diet balance index total score >0, DBI_TS) had negative additive interaction on the occurrence of chronic disease, while overexercise (Physical activity index>17.1, PAI) and tea drinking had negative multiplicative interaction and negative additive interaction on the occurrence of chronic disease. Diet quality, physical activity, tea drinking was an incomplete mediator of the relationship between types of medical insurance residents participating in and chronic diseases. Conclusions: The residents in Yangpu District of Shanghai have a high prevalence of chronic diseases. Strengthening access of residents to health education and interventions to prevent chronic diseases and cultivating healthy eating and exercise habits of residents are crucial. The nutritional environment of the elderly population should be considered, the reimbursement level of different types of medical insurance should be designed reasonably to improve the accessibility of medical and health services and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.

GASTRONOMIC DISCOURSE OF “TEA DRINKING” CULTURE IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES FROM THE POINT OF CONSUMPTION

In this paper, linguistic features of tea drinking in Uzbek and English languages from the consumption point of view are studied. Based on gastronomic discourse theory on comparative and cross-cultural methods as a special type of communication associated with the state of food resources and the processes of consumption by the way the people interact with tea. Moreover, compared with tea drinking traditions of Uzbek and English peoples’ communication, examples are comparatively given as well. The research work can provide theoretical and practical basis for the further research.