scholarly journals Perfusion Index in Very Low Birth Weight Premature Infants During Their First 2 Weeks of Life

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin B. Knobel-Dail ◽  
David T. Tanaka ◽  
Diane Holditch-Davis ◽  
John White
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Perfusion Index ◽  
Peripheral Perfusion ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: Our program of research focuses on thermal and circulatory stability in extremely premature infants. In prior studies, we found that infants have long periods of time in which foot temperature (FT) is higher than central temperature. We thus wanted to determine whether blood flow in the foot is increased when FT is elevated. Perfusion index (PI) can be used as a clinical indicator of peripheral perfusion, but reports on use of PI in premature infants are lacking. We employed exploratory methodology to examine foot perfusion and temperature in very low birth weight infants. Aims: For premature infants after birth: (1) describe foot PI values for the first 2 weeks of life and (2) describe the relationship of longitudinal FT and PI. Study Design: Case study design with longitudinal FT and PI in 17 infants born at <29 weeks’ gestation with birth weight < 1,200 g for 2 weeks after birth. Results: Infants averaged 851 g at birth and were 24–29 weeks’ gestational age. The mean PI across all infants for 14 days was 1.04, SD = 0.79. Using a repeated measures multilevel model approach confirmed that FT and PI were positively related in these infants. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that perfusion is increased in the periphery in extremely premature infants when FT is increased. PI measures can be used as a trend for peripheral perfusion, and these values increase over the first 2 weeks of life in infants weighing more than 750 g.

scholarly journals ON THE SUBJECT OF MEDICAL/SOCIAL ASPECTS OF REHABILITATION FOR VERY-LOW-BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
A. V. Migali ◽  
K. A. Kazakova ◽  
Yu. S. Akoyev ◽  
V. M. Studenikin ◽  
M. A. Varichkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Team Care ◽  
Care Approach ◽  
Paroxysmal Disorders

Innovative technologies in the reanimation and intensive therapy permitted to improve the survival of premature infants, including those with extremely low birth weight infants. There are considered various issues of practical medical care for very-low-birth weight infants in the first three years of life. The special attention is given to patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). There is briefly presented the own authors’ experience of the observation for premature infants in conditions of a multidisciplinary team care approach. There were described such important aspects of the mentioned category of patients as neurodietology/nutritional rehabilitation, compliance with aseptic environmental conditions, the correction of visual and hearing impairment, treatment of neurological deficit, especially neuropharmacology, treatment of paroxysmal disorders and epilepsy.

scholarly journals Adiposity rebound in very-low-birth-weight infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koryo Nakayama ◽  
Go Ichikawa ◽  
Junko Naganuma ◽  
Satomi Koyama ◽  
Osamu Arisaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Adiposity Rebound ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Medical University

Abstract Objectives Adiposity rebound (AR) refers to an increase in body mass index (BMI) after a nadir. Early AR, in which AR occurs earlier than five years old, is a risk factor for future obesity and metabolic syndrome, but has not been widely studied in very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWIs). Methods The subjects were VLBWIs born in Dokkyo Medical University NICU from January 2008 to December 2010. Height and weight measured at birth and at intervals until seven years old were obtained from medical records. The lowest BMI after one year of age was used for the age of AR. The subjects were divided into those with early and normal AR (<5 and ≥5 years old). BMI percentile at age seven years was compared using the interquartile range (IQR). Changes in BMI were evaluated by repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results There were 38 early AR cases and 62 normal AR cases, giving a prevalence of early AR similar to that in infants with normal birth weight. BMI percentile at age seven years was significantly higher in early AR cases than in normal AR cases (44.6 [IQR: 21.0–79.2] vs. 14.4 [IQR: 3.8–40.8] kg/m2). Changes in BMI were also significantly higher in early AR cases (p=0.024 by ANOVA). Conclusions Early AR in VLBWIs is a predictor of future obesity.

NEW CONCERNS ABOUT THERAPIES FOR RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. A30-A30
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity

Purpose. Cryotherapy for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is effective in reducing the incidence of blindness in premature infants. However, macular complications associated with successful treatment have not yet been well studied. Methods. Eighteen very low birth weight (&lt;1251 g) infants (32 eyes) who received cryotherapy for ROP were examined serially for regression of disease and for development of macular abnormalities. Patient characteristics and treatment factors were evaluated to identify risk factors associated with the development of macular abnormalities after successful cryotherapy. Results. Eleven of 32 eyes (34.4%) that had undergone cryotherapy developed significant macular abnormalities, including macular coloboma-like change (six eyes), macular hyperpigmentation (two eyes), irregularly mottled macular hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation (two eyes), and macular hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation with subretinal proliferation (one eye). Corrected visual acuity in affected eyes ranged from 0.15 to 0.03 (20/133 to 20/666) compared with 1.0 to 0.2 (20/20 to 20/100) in treated eyes without macular abnormality (P = .0002). No difference in gestational age was noted between infants who did or did not develop macular coloboma-like lesions or pigment abnormalities. Eyes with macular abnormality had more posterior disease (P = .037) and received significantly more cryotherapy than did eyes without macular abnormality (P = .0005). Conclusions. In very low birth weight infants receiving cryotherapy for ROP, development of macular coloboma-like lesions and macular pigment abnormalities were related to greater severity of ROP and a greater amount of cryotherapy. Macular abnormalities were associated with markedly worse visual outcomes than were treated eyes without macular abnormality.

Letter To The Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-603
Author(s):  
Ricki F. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurologic Outcome ◽  
Developmental Outcome ◽  
Single Variable ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Newborn Period

The purpose of this study1 was not to identify any single variable that, by itself, could predict neurologic or developmental outcome in premature infants. Rather, it was to further investigate the previously published finding that acidosis was one of the factors in the newborn period that was influential in predicting poor motor performance and neurologic outcome at 2 years in very low birth weight infants.2 As stated in the introduction, we sought to determine whether it was the metabolic or respiratory component of acidosis that was associated with poor outcome.

Disseminated Fungal Infections in Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants: Therapeutic Toxicity

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Jill E. Baley ◽  
Robert M. Kliegman ◽  
Avroy A. Fanaroff
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants

The improved survival of very low-birth-weight infants, who require prolonged hospitalization and many invasive procedures, increases the risks for nosocomial illnesses, such as disseminated fungal infections. In a 2-year period, systemic fungal infections were clinically diagnosed in ten infants. This necessitated the institution of antifungal therapy in extremely premature infants (mean birth weight 788 g, mean gestational age 28 weeks) despite the paucity of knowledge about the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of these drugs in the very immature patient. Despite the absence of reported toxicity in infants and older children, severe nephrotoxicity was commonly observed with oliguria/anuria, temporally related to the administration of amphotericin B in seven of these infants. Additional evidence of nephrotoxicity included either a rise in creatinine levels (≥1.3 mg/dL), an increase in BUN (≥30 mg/dL), hypokalemia (≤2.9 mEq/L), or hyperkalemia (≥6.0 mEq/L). Six of these seven drug-toxic infants died. Interruption of amphotericin B therapy, with reinstitution at a lower dose, was the most successful factor in alleviating the anuria. There is an urgent need for detailed pharmacokinetic and toxicity studies of antifungal agents in immature infants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document