Serotonin, Mental State and Behavior

1967 ◽  
Vol 277 (21) ◽  
pp. 1146-1147 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
And Behavior

Limitations Using Neuroimaging to Reconstruct Mental State After a Crime

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-701
Author(s):  
Michael J. Vitacco ◽  
Alynda M. Randolph ◽  
Rebecca J. Nelson Aguiar ◽  
Megan L. Porter Staats
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Insanity Defense ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric ◽  
Brain And Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

AbstractNeuroimaging offers great potential to clinicians and researchers for a host of mental and physical conditions. The use of imaging has been trumpeted for forensic psychiatric and psychological evaluations to allow greater insight into the relationship between the brain and behavior. The results of imaging certainly can be used to inform clinical diagnoses; however, there continue to be limitations in using neuroimaging for insanity cases due to limited scientific backing for how neuroimaging can inform retrospective evaluations of mental state. In making this case, this paper reviews the history of the insanity defense and explains how the use of neuroimaging is not an effective way of improving the reliability of insanity defense evaluations.

Effect of Add-on “Self Management and Behavior Modification” Education on Severity of Chronic Pulmonary Obstructive Disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
G.R. Kheirabadi ◽  
M. Keypour ◽  
N. Attaran ◽  
R. Bagherian ◽  
M.R. Maracy
Keyword(s):  
Usual Care ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Structured Education ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Change In Mean

Background:COPD is a chronic and plenty disease and one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in the world with restrict available medical treatments. The objective of this study was to assess whether psycho-educational plans (self management and behavior modification) administered in primary care have beneficial effects on symptoms of patients with COPD.Material and methods:The study was a prospective, unblinded, randomized controlled trial of usual care vs. usual care plus structured education on the use of 8 sessions of “self management and behavior modification” group education: a simple educational package on life style modification and assumption of special behaviors in different situation of disease. The study was conducted in 2 educational hospitals (Khorshid & Alzahra) in Isfahan, Iran. Participants were 40 patients with COPD randomized into control or intervention groups. The primary outcome measure was change in severity of COPD symptoms that measured with Clinical COPD Questionnaire (CCQ). The data were analyzed with spss software and statistic examination called Ancova-Reapted measure and Mancova-Reapted measure.Results:Self management and behavior modification education were associated with significant higher decrease in mean score of CCQ in symptom, functional state and mental state domains but had no effect on change in mean score of CCQ-Total.Conclusions:Mean score of CCQ in symptom, functional state and mental state domains was lower in the intervention group but there was no difference in mean score of CCQ-Total due to “self-management and behavior modification” plans.

scholarly journals Animal welfare assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Marijana Vucinic ◽  
Ivana Lazic
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Welfare Assessment ◽  
Appropriate Behavior ◽  
Housing Environment ◽  
Animal Welfare Assessment ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Direct Measures

The paper deals with animal welfare definitions and animal welfare assessment. Animal welfare is a prolonged mental state, resulting from how the animal experiences its environment over time. There are different methods for animal welfare assessment. The four basic criteria for animal welfare assessment are feeding, housing, health and appropriate behavior. Therefore, criteria used to assess animal welfare are not direct measures of the mental state but only parameters that need to be interpreted in terms of welfare. The immediate housing environment and feeding may influence animal welfare either positively, when most of the important requirements are respected, or negatively, when animals are exposed to various stress factors and unpleasant emotions that contribute to animal disease, injuries or inappropriate behavior. Therefore, animal welfare is a unique link between housing conditions, feeding and watering on one side, and animal health status and behavior on the other side.

The effect of mobile applications’ initial loading pages on users’ mental state and behavior

Displays ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 102007
Author(s):  
Yuzhen Wang ◽  
Yanqun Huang ◽  
Jutao Li ◽  
Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Initial Loading ◽  
And Behavior

Factor Analysis and Preliminary Validation of the Mini-Mental State Examination from a Longitudinal Perspective

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared Tinklenberg ◽  
John O. Brooks ◽  
Elizabeth Decker Tanke ◽  
Kausar Khalid ◽  
Sarah L. Poulsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Single Administration ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Preliminary Validation ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
State Examination

The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a commonly used instrument for assessing mental impairment. Previous proposals for its underlying structure have focused on scores obtained from a single administration of the test. Because the MMSE is widely used in longitudinal studies, we examined the pattern of relations among the rates of chance of the items. Data were obtained from 63 subjects for 1.5 years or more. The relations among the rates of change of the MMSE items were described by a five-factor solution that accounted for 75% of the variance and comprised factors pertaining to orientation and concentration, obeying commands, learning and repetition, language, and recall. This was in contrast to the structure of the scores obtained from a single administration of the MMSE, which was best described by a two-factor solution. In order to provide a clinical validation, factor scores derived from the MMSE factors were used to predict scores on the Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist and the Brief Cognitive Rating Scale.

How Homo economicus lost her mind and how we can revive her

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter DeScioli
Keyword(s):  
Economic Thought ◽  
History Of Economic Thought ◽  
Homo Economicus ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
Target Article ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractThe target article by Boyer & Petersen (B&P) contributes a vital message: that people have folk economic theories that shape their thoughts and behavior in the marketplace. This message is all the more important because, in the history of economic thought, Homo economicus was increasingly stripped of mental capacities. Intuitive theories can help restore the mind of Homo economicus.

The parent-offspring microbiome and neurobehavioral development

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R. Alberts ◽  
Christopher Harshaw ◽  
Gregory E. Demas ◽  
Cara L. Wellman ◽  
Ardythe L. Morrow
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Neurobehavioral Development ◽  
Emotional Function ◽  
Neurobehavioral Outcomes ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract We identify the significance and typical requirements of developmental analyses of the microbiome-gut-brain (MGB) in parents, offspring, and parent-offspring relations, which have particular importance for neurobehavioral outcomes in mammalian species, including humans. We call for a focus on behavioral measures of social-emotional function. Methodological approaches to interpreting relations between the microbiota and behavior are discussed.

TEM evaluation of graded SixGe1-x heterolayers

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 894-895
Author(s):  
N. David Theodore ◽  
Mamoru Tomozane ◽  
Ming Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Bipolar Transistors ◽  
Structural Quality ◽  
Weak Beam ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
And Behavior

There is extensive interest in SiGe for use in heterojunction bipolar transistors. SiGe/Si superlattices are also of interest because of their potential for use in infrared detectors and field-effect transistors. The processing required for these materials is quite compatible with existing silicon technology. However, before SiGe can be used extensively for devices, there is a need to understand and then control the origin and behavior of defects in the materials. The present study was aimed at investigating the structural quality of, and the behavior of defects in, graded SiGe layers grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD).The structures investigated in this study consisted of Si1-xGex[x=0.16]/Si1-xGex[x= 0.14, 0.13, 0.12, 0.10, 0.09, 0.07, 0.05, 0.04, 0.005, 0]/epi-Si/substrate heterolayers grown by CVD. The Si1-xGex layers were isochronally grown [t = 0.4 minutes per layer], with gas-flow rates being adjusted to control composition. Cross-section TEM specimens were prepared in the 110 geometry. These were then analyzed using two-beam bright-field, dark-field and weak-beam images. A JEOL JEM 200CX transmission electron microscope was used, operating at 200 kV.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document