scholarly journals Incessant building collapse: A case of a hotel in Akure, Nigeria

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
A A Taiwo ◽  
J A Afolami
Keyword(s):  
Building Collapse

Seismic performance evaluation of multi-story CBFs equipped with SMA-friction damping braces

2021 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2098700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canxing Qiu ◽  
Jiawang Liu ◽  
Jun Teng ◽  
Zuohua Li ◽  
Xiuli Du
Keyword(s):  
Strain Hardening ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Residual Deformation ◽  
Martensite Phase ◽  
Friction Damper ◽  
Concentrically Braced Frames ◽  
Friction Damping ◽  
Friction Mechanism ◽  
Building Collapse ◽  
Response Characteristics

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) gained increasing attentions from the perspective of seismic protection, primarily because of their excellent superelasticity, satisfactory damping and high fatigue life. However, the superelastic strain of SMAs has an upper limit, beyond which the material completes the austenite to martensite phase transformation and is followed by noticeable strain hardening. The strain hardening behavior would not only induce high force demand to the protected structures, but also cause unrecoverable deformation. More importantly, the SMAs may fracture if the deformation demand exceeds their capacity under severe earthquakes. In the case of installing SMA braces (SMABs) in the multi-story concentrically braced frames (CBFs), the material failure would lead to the malfunction of SMABs and this further causes building collapse. The friction mechanism could behave as a “fuse” through capping the strength demand at a constant level. Therefore, this paper suggests connecting the SMAB with a friction damper to achieve a novel brace, i.e. the SMA-friction damping brace (SMAFDB). A proof-of-concept test was carried out on a homemade specimen and the test results validated the novel brace behaves in a desirable manner. In addition, to explore the seismic response characteristics of the SMAFDB within structures, a six-story CBF equipped with SMAFDBs was designed and compared against those incorporated with SMABs or friction damping braces (FDBs) at the frequently occurred earthquake (FOE), design basis earthquake (DBE) and maximum considered earthquake (MCE). The comparative results show the SMAFDB is superior to the counterparts. Under the FOE and DBE ground motions, the SMAFDBs successfully eliminated residual deformations as the SMABs do, and achieved identical maximum interstory drift as the FDBs. Under the MCE ground motions, the SMAFDBs not only well addressed the brace failure problem that was possibly encountered in the SMABs, but also better controlled residual deformation than the FDBs.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Indoor Flood Fatalities: Evidence from Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8612
Author(s):  
Michalis Diakakis ◽  
Katerina Papagiannaki
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Statistical Association ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Building Collapse ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Flooding Events ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Significant Statistical Association

Despite the important advances in flood forecasting and protection, floods remain one of the most lethal types of natural hazards. Previous works have explored several factors influencing the risks of flooding to human life and health. However, there is limited research and understanding on indoor flood fatalities and the circumstances under which they occur. This study explores victim-, building-, and situation-related characteristics in order to provide a better understanding of the conditions that lead to flood-related indoor deaths, exploiting a fatality database developed for Greece (1960–2020). The correlation analysis showed that indoor victims, compared with outdoor ones, tend to be older individuals, with high percentages of disabilities. A significant statistical association of the building material, roof type, and distance from the river with the building collapse was also found. The profile of the buildings in which flood fatality occurred was further compared with that of neighboring non-fatal buildings that were inhabited during the flood events. The statistical results indicated that the buildings with a fatality occurrence are mostly single-storey structures, made from masonry as the main building material. The findings have practical implications in risk communication and mitigation in terms of identifying the specific populations, circumstances, settings, and mechanisms that lead to dangerous indoor situations during flooding events.

Development of a Conceptual Framework for Effective Quality Management Practices in Construction Organisations

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
E Odiba ◽  
P Demian ◽  
K Ruikar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Quality Management Systems ◽  
Building Collapse ◽  
Quality Management Practices ◽  
Quality Management Model ◽  
Regulatory Bodies

Effective quality management practices are critical to successful project delivery. However, the quality challenges in developing countries such as Nigeria, which is the focus of this research, have been a concern to construction practitioners and other interested parties such as clients and regulatory bodies. Some scholars suggest that part of these challenges can be attributed to ineffective quality management systems; thus, leading to consequences such as building collapse, poor organisational/industry reputation, poor/lack of traceability, poor documentation process, and lack of planned audit. This research aims to develop a contextual model that is intended to improve the culture of quality that can facilitate effective quality management practices in construction organisations in Nigeria. A mixed (quantitative and qualitative) methodological approach was deployed based on a pragmatic research philosophy paradigm. A questionnaire (quantitative) survey was adopted to gather data and results from the data analysis and reviewed literature were discussed, and the findings supported the development of a conceptual quality management model in construction as the outcome of this research. The designed model comprises eight integrated components. The model is a quality system that construction organisations can use: to identify some typical barriers hindering effective QMSs implementation; to assist them to develop cultural values that can drive effective QMSs implementation; to undertake effective QMSs practices as they relate to construction, and to recognise the potential results and longer-term benefits obtainable from implementing effective QMSs. The model was evaluated and validated by professional construction practitioners and academic experts for its usefulness and applicability. Future study should focus on the practical validation of the model. Keywords: ISO 9001; Quality Management Practices; Quality Management System.

scholarly journals An efficient DNA extraction method from bone and tooth samples by complete demineralization followed by the use of silica-based columns

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mahamud Hasan ◽  
Tania Hossain ◽  
Ashish Kumar Majumder ◽  
Pilu Momtaz ◽  
Tarana Sharmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Mechanical Grinding ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Building Collapse ◽  
Dna Yield ◽  
Dna Extraction Method ◽  
Spin Column ◽  
Cryogenic Method ◽  
Dna Profiles

A highly efficient strategy for recovery of genomic DNA from bone and tooth samples is presented by complete demineralization of the bone pieces or intact tooth with high concentration of EDTA followed by spin column treatment without the need of mechanical grinding or cryogenic method for pulverizing the samples. The DNA yield was between 8 and 12 ng/?l from approximately 1 ?2 g of the starting material. Completed DNA profiles were obtained from of all the bones (52) and tooth (270) samples received from the unidentified victims from a recent building collapse, the Rana Plaza disaster in Dhaka, Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v23i2.20089 Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 23(2): 101-107, 2014

scholarly journals Tackling Causes of Frequent Building Collapse in Nigeria

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Oloyede ◽  
C.B. Omoogun ◽  
O.A. Akinjare
Keyword(s):  
Building Collapse

scholarly journals The impact of heavy object on an underground structure when falling onto the ground surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-438
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Mkrtychev ◽  
Yury V. Novozhilov ◽  
Anton Yu. Savenkov
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Rocket Engine ◽  
Underground Structure ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Underground Structures ◽  
Building Collapse ◽  
Protective Structures ◽  
The Impact

At the objects of space infrastructure and at nuclear power facilities there are industrial structures, the main task of which is to protect a person, equipment or machinery from emergencies such as, for example, explosions, falling of various objects, fragments. In accordance with the requirements of the Federal Law On the Protection of the Population and Territories from Natural and Technogenic Emergencies, when calculating such structures, all types of loads corresponding to their functional purpose must be taken into account. So, for structures located in the area of a possible accident and the fall of space rockets, it is necessary to calculate for the fall of the destroyed parts of the rocket engine. For nuclear power plant facilities, such accidents occur when containers and other heavy objects fall on the ground, affecting underground structures located in the ground, and for civil defense protective structures built into the basement floors of buildings, it is necessary to consider situations in which the overlying floors of a building collapse when exposed to there is an air shock wave on them. Therefore, this problem is relevant, and in this study, a finite-element method for calculating an underground structure in a non-linear dynamic setting has been developed when a large overall object collides with the ground.

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