scholarly journals Reconfiguring maritime networks due to the Belt and Road Initiative: impact on bilateral trade flows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naima Saeed ◽  
Kevin Cullinane ◽  
Victor Gekara ◽  
Prem Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Maritime Networks ◽  
Bilateral Trade Flows ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

scholarly journals Trade and Infrastructure in the Belt and Road Initiative: A Gravity Analysis Based on Revealed Trade Preferences

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Cristina Di Stefano ◽  
P. Lelio Iapadre ◽  
Ilaria Salvati
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Total Trade ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Trade Preferences ◽  
Entire Network ◽  
The Belt And Road

This paper aims at investigating whether and how the intensity of trade between a pair of countries changes when they experience improvements in their infrastructural systems. We carry out our analysis considering countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), a project specifically designed to promote infrastructural connectivity and therefore boost trade among the countries involved. Our empirical strategy relies on a particular specification of the gravity model, in which the dependent variable consists in an index of revealed trade preferences, calculated by comparing the actual value of trade flows between two countries with their expected value, proportional to the two countries’ total trade. Such methodology allows us to estimate bilateral trade intensity without resorting to the traditional “size” variables of the gravity model, taking the entire network of multilateral trade into account. We then study the possible impact of an improvement in infrastructure on a ‘gravity-adjusted’ measure of trade preferences, given by the residuals of our first estimations. Our results indicate that bilateral preferences among BRI countries will intensify inasmuch as they succeed in coordinating their infrastructural projects.

The Belt and Road Initiative: Implications for China and East Asian Economies

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH CHAN
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Funding Support ◽  
To Come ◽  
East Asian Economies ◽  
China Development ◽  
The Belt And Road

The China-led Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is set to become a formidabledevelopment programme and its implications will be far reaching for East Asia, including ASEAN and China. It will provide further momentum for intra-Asian investment and trade flows and the implementation of such a strategy will also help to accelerate China's mergers and acquisitions activities in infrastructure, logistics and tourism. The BRI is expected to raise the Renminbi's international use in trade settlement and financing. A considerable amount of financing is estimated to come from Chinese institutions, particularly policy banks such as China Development Bank and a range of government-linked institutions. This article discusses China's funding support and investment to improve regional connectivity and analyses the repercussions of China's financial commitments under the Belt and Road Initiative for East Asia as well as its own economy.

scholarly journals مبادرة الحزام والطريق: نشأة وأهداف / The Belt and Road Initiative: Origin and Objectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Ding Long
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Financial Integration ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Policy Coordination ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

Abstract The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a strategy initiated by Chinese government that seeks to connect Asia with Africa and Europe via land and maritime networks with the aim of increasing commercial exchange, stimulating economic growth and improving regional integration. The BRI comprises a Silk Road Economic Belt and a 21st century Maritime Silk Road. The initiative defines five major priorities, namely policy coordination, infrastructure connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration, and people-to-people bonds. The BRI has been associated with large investment programs in infrastructure projects. It is also an increasingly important umbrella mechanism for China’s bilateral trade with BRI partners.

scholarly journals Has China’s Belt and Road Initiative Intensified Bilateral Trade Links between China and the Involved Countries?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunjiao Yu ◽  
Ren Zhang ◽  
Lian An ◽  
Zhixing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Indochina Peninsula ◽  
Trade Preference ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Policy Effects ◽  
Preference Index ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is designed to intensify reciprocal trade preferentiality between China and the Belt-Road countries. However, there has been little research empirically examining the policy effects on the trade links between China and the involved countries. This paper attempts to evaluate the BRI effects quantitatively by constructing a new bilateral revealed trade preference index to measure the bilateral trade preferentiality between China and its 114 trading partners. Using a difference in differences model, we show that the trade of China with the Belt-Road countries has become more preferentially linked since the implementation of the BRI. In particular, the bilateral revealed trade preference index between China and the Belt-Road countries has grown approximately 8% faster than has that with the non-Belt-Road countries. We further show that the BRI effects are heterogeneous across different regions. The bilateral trade links have been more significantly intensified in the regions of the China–Indochina Peninsula Economic Corridor, the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor, the China–Central Asia–West Asia Economic Corridor and the Bangladesh–China–India–Myanmar Economic Corridor. The findings strongly indicate that BRI has been acting as a catalyst for intensifying bilateral trade preferentiality between China and the Belt-Road countries.

scholarly journals Brazilian engagement to Asia and the Belt and Road Initiative in 2017: less politics, more trade and investments

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-43
Author(s):  
João Paulo Nicolini Gabriel ◽  
Desirée Almeida Pires ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Balance Of Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
Official Data

The paper aims to understand Brazilian position in relation to Asia and Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), based on a review of the bibliography and journalistic articles on Brazil-Asia subject and an observance of official data of the Brazilian economy. Since Dilma Rousseff until Michel Temer’s government, Brazil has facing a troubled political and economic scenario, which negatively impacts on its diplomacy. Although Brazil reaffirmed its commitment with global strategic partnership with China in terms of trade flows, the lack of Brazilian participation on issues of global political nature directly impacts on the way in which Brasilia moved its attention to the BRI and to the Asian affairs. The ambitious proportions and objectives of the BRI summed to the rise of a nationalist economic policy of the United States indicate a deepening of several movements that have been changing the international balance of power, which can offer opportunities for Brazil, by means of a cohesive long-term policy for Asia and in a multifaceted way beyond trade. 

scholarly journals The Belt and Road Initiative as a tool for promoting EU-China trade. Poland’s case

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Alina Szypulewska-Porczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
China Trade ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the study is to evaluate the potential role of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) for promoting EU – China trade, and especially Poland – China trade. We test two hypotheses: 1) Non-tariff barriers (NTBs), particularly related to railway transport, are significant for Poland – China trade, and 2) Poland – China trade fits railway transport well. Therefore, we start with a study of the significance of tariff and non-tariff barriers in mutual trade relations, including transport-related barriers. NTBs are mainly derived from the EU Market Access database, and as for transport-related barriers – the logistics performance index (LPI) is used. As the next step, we study the composition of bilateral trade in static and dynamic terms using the OECD TiVA database. In the light of the significant increase in NTBs on EU manufacturing products exported to China and the railway transport infrastructure performance in Poland, the BRI could become an effective tool for improving the business environment for EU exporters. By contrast, the BRI project is more suitable for China and the EU as a whole than for Poland in terms of commodity structure of bilateral trade.

scholarly journals AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF TRADE STATUS AND DETERMINANTS BETWEEN CHINA AND "ONE BELT- ONE ROAD" COUNTRIES-BASED ON TRADE GRAVITY MODEL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
QIAN-NAN ZHANG ◽  
XIAO-NA HE ◽  
MIRAJ AHMED BHUIYAN
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Trade Gravity Model ◽  
Trade Deals ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
The Silk Road

“One Road-One Belt”, (Belt and Road Initiative, BRI) reminiscent of the Silk Road, is a massive infrastructure and trade project, initiated by China; that would stretch from East Asia to Europe, somehow recognized by the international community. Despite of criticism of this project, it is considered as an effective tool for promoting regional and bilateral trade deals. In this paper we have pointed out the problems that hindered the bilateral trades among countries along the route. Based on Trade gravity Model; bilateral trade model between China and the countries along the “Belt and Road” was empirically tested in the article, followed by some suggestions.

scholarly journals An Empirical Study of Trade Status and Determinants between China and "One Belt- One Road" Countries- Based on Trade gravity Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiannan Zhang ◽  
XiaoNa He ◽  
Miraj Ahmed Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Trade Gravity Model ◽  
Trade Deals ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
The Silk Road

Abstract “One Road-One Belt”, (Belt and Road Initiative, BRI) reminiscent of the Silk Road, is a massive infrastructure and trade project, initiated by China; that would stretch from East Asia to Europe, somehow recognized by the international community. Despite of criticism of this project, it is considered as an effective tool for promoting regional and bilateral trade deals. In this paper we have pointed out the problems that hindered the bilateral trades among countries along the route. Based on Trade gravity Model; bilateral trade model between China and the countries along the “Belt and Road” was empirically tested in the article, followed by some suggestions.

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