Decadal-Scale Precipitation Variations in Arid and Semi-Arid Zones of Northern China During the Last 500 Years

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Bao Yang ◽  
Achim Braeuning ◽  
Dunsheng Xia
Keyword(s):  
Northern China ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Decadal Scale ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Reconstructed natural runoff helps to quantify the relationship between upstream water use and downstream water scarcity in China's river basins

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 2491-2505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyao Zhou ◽  
Yonghui Yang ◽  
Zhuping Sheng ◽  
Yongqiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Contribution Analysis ◽  
Decadal Scale ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. The increasing conflicts for water resources between upstream and downstream regions appeal to chronological insight across the world. While the negative consequence of downstream water scarcity has been widely analyzed, the quantification of influence of upstream water use on downstream water scarcity has received little attention. Here non-anthropologically intervened runoff (natural runoff) was first reconstructed in upstream, middle stream and downstream regions in China's 12 large basins in the 1970s to 2000s time period using the Fu–Budyko framework, and then compared to the observed data to obtain the developmental trajectories of water scarcity, including the ratio of water use to availability (WTA) and the per capita water availability (FI; Falkenmark Index) on a decadal scale. Furthermore, a contribution analysis was used to investigate the main drivers of water scarcity trajectories in those basins. The results show that China as a whole has experienced a rapid increase of WTA stress with surface water use rapidly increasing from 161 billion cubic meters (12 % of natural runoff) in the 1970s to 256 billion cubic meters (18 %) in the 2000s, with approximately 65 % increase occurring in northern China. In the 2000s, the increase of upstream WTA stress and the decrease of downstream WTA stress occurred simultaneously for semi-arid and arid basins, which was caused by the increasing upstream water use and the consequent decreasing surface water use in downstream regions. The influence of upstream surface water use on downstream water scarcity was less than 10 % in both WTA and FI for humid and semi-humid basins during the study period, but with an average of 26 % in WTA and 32 % in FI for semi-arid and arid basins. The ratio increased from 10 % in the 1970s to 37 % in the 2000s for WTA and from 22 % in the 1980s to 37 % in the 2000s for FI. The contribution analysis shows that the WTA contribution greatly increases in the 2000s mainly in humid and semi-humid basins, while it decreases mainly in semi-arid and arid basins. The trajectories of China's water scarcity are closely related to socioeconomic development and water policy changes, which provide valuable lessons and experiences for global water resources management.

Impacts of urea N addition on soil microbial community in a semi-arid temperate steppe in northern China

2008 ◽  
Vol 311 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naili Zhang ◽  
Shiqiang Wan ◽  
Linghao Li ◽  
Jie Bi ◽  
Mingming Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Northern China ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Temperate Steppe ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Evolution of prehistoric dryland agriculture in the arid and semi-arid transition zone in northern China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. e0198750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yige Bao ◽  
Xinying Zhou ◽  
Hanbin Liu ◽  
Songmei Hu ◽  
Keliang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Zone ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Dryland Agriculture ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals The demography of desert Australia

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Brown ◽  
John Taylor ◽  
Martin Bell
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Semi Arid

In recent years, with the formation of organisations such as the Desert Knowledge Cooperative Research Centre, social science interest in the Australian desert has re-surfaced with a research emphasis that is focused on creating sustainable futures for the region. One consequence of this is a demand for detailed demographic information to allow an assessment of different quanta of need in social and economic policy, and for assessment of the impact of these in environmental policy. However, demographic analysis on human populations in the desert to date has attracted very little research attention. In this paper we begin to address this lack of analysis by focusing on the populations, both aboriginal and non-aboriginal, of the arid and semi-arid zones of Australia. We extend earlier analysis by including for the first time demographic information on the semi-arid as well as the arid zone to establish the spatial pattern of population growth within the whole desert area drawing attention to the resulting settlement structure as an outcome of prevailing social, cultural and economic conditions. By examining population structure and demographic components of population change we also present for the first time population projections for the semi-arid zone and, therefore, in combination with the arid zone, for the entire Australian desert. All of this provides a basis for considering social and economic policy implications and the nature of underlying processes that drive change in this region.

scholarly journals Advances in Agronomic Management for Ensuring Fodder Security in Semi Arid Zones of India- A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1912-1921
Author(s):  
Hanamant M. Halli ◽  
S.S. Rathore ◽  
N. Manjunatha ◽  
Vinod Kumar Wasnik
Keyword(s):  
Arid Zones ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Biochemical profile and bioactive potential of wild folk medicinal plants of Zygophyllaceae from Balochistan, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alia Ahmed ◽  
Amjad Hameed ◽  
Shazia Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Inhibitory Potential ◽  
Bioactive Potential ◽  
Semi Arid

AbstractRecent focus is on analysis of biological activities of extracts from plant species. Zygophyllaceae is exceedingly important angiosperm family with many taxa being used in folk medicines widely dispersed in arid and semi-arid zones of Balochistan, Pakistan. Only a small proportion of them have been scientifically analyzed and many species are nearly facing extinction. Therefore present investigation explores the biochemical and bioactive potential of fourteen folk medicinal plants usually used for treatments of different ailments. Fresh aerial parts of nine taxa and two fruit samples were collected from plants growing in arid and semi-arid zones of Balochistan and analyzed for enzymatic, non-enzymatic and other biochemical activities. Higher phytochemical activities were detected in the aerial parts. Superoxide dismutase was detected maximum in Fagonia indica, (184.7±5.17 units/g), ascorbate peroxidase in Tribulus longipetalus subsp. longipetalus (947.5±12.5 Units/g), catalase and peroxidase was higher in Peganum harmala (555.0±5.0 and 2597.8±0.4 units/g respectively). Maximum esterase and alpha amylase activity was found in Zygophyllum fabago (14.3±0.44 and 140±18.8 mg/g respectively). Flavonoid content was high in T. longipetalus subsp. longipetalus (666.1±49 μg/ml). The highest total phenolic content and tannin was revealed in F. olivieri (72125±425 and 37050±1900 μM/g. respectively). Highest value of ascorbic acid was depicted in F. bruguieri var. rechingeri (448±1.5 μg/g). Total soluble Proteins and reducing sugars were detected higher in P. harmala (372.3±54 and 5.9±0.1 mg/g respectively). Maximum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was depicted in Z. simplex (16.9±0.01 μM/g). Pigment analysis exhibited the high value of lycopene and total carotenoids in T. terrestris (7.44±0.2 and 35.5±0.0 mg/g respectively). Chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll content was found maximum in T. longipetalus subsp. pterophorus (549.1±9.9, 154.3±10 and 703.4±20.2 ug/g respectively). All taxa exhibited anti-inflammatory activity as well as anti-diabetic inhibitory potential. Seed extracts of Zygophyllum eurypterum (96%) exhibited highest inhibitory potential, along with twelve other taxa of Zygophyllaceae indicated (96-76%) activity when compared with the standard drug diclofenac sodium (79%). Seeds of T. longipetalus subsp. longipetalus (85%) exhibited the highest anti-diabetic activity; other eleven taxa also exhibited inhibitory activity of α-amylase ranging from (85-69%) compared with Metformin (67%) standard drug. Phytochemical screening revealed that selected taxa proved to be the potential source of natural antioxidants and could further be explored for in-vivo studies and utilized in pharmaceutical industries as potent therapeutic agents validating their ethno-pharmacological uses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document