Global Mapping of the Moisture Availability Index: Using the World Water and Climate Atlas

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
George H. Hargreaves ◽  
Andrew A. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Availability ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Mapping ◽  
Availability Index

scholarly journals Global Mapping of Indigenous Resilience Facing the Challenge of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Challenges ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Diosey Ramon Lugo-Morin
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Informal Institutions ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Secure Access ◽  
International Policies ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Mapping ◽  
The Face ◽  
Access To Food

Indigenous social development scenarios must be understood as the possibility of improving the sustainability of the planet and human health in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Integrating the institutional resilience approach by learning from the experience of indigenous peoples’ informal institutions through the design of public policies can be a reality. To demonstrate the potential of this premise, a case study was conducted that examined the institutional resilience of one indigenous people, whose findings under nomothetic conditions may be useful for other territories around the world. These peoples provide lessons on how they cope with adversity, the COVID-19 pandemic being one of them. Institutional resilience is a step towards reaching out to the world’s ancestral populations to learn from their knowledge. These scenarios can help us understand the implications of international policies on the capacities of nations to secure access to food and resources and, subsequently, to be better prepared for future pandemics.

Global mapping of surface flow velocity and re-evaluation of the volume of the world's glaciers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Millan ◽  
Jérémie Mouginot ◽  
Antoine Rabatel ◽  
Mathieu Morlighem
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Ice Flow ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Mapping ◽  
Flow Velocities

<p><span>The effects of climate change on water resources and sea level are largely determined by the size of the ice reservoirs around the world, which still remains largely uncertain. Ice flow defines the transfer of ice within a glacier and therefore largely governs the spatial distribution of the ice volume. Although some individual regions have been mapped, there is to date no global and complete view of glacier flow. In this study, we present a global mapping of surface ice flow velocity and use it to revise the ice thickness distribution and volume of glaciers around the world. Glacier surface flow velocities were calculated using Sentinel-2/ESA, Landsat-8/USGS, <span><span>Ven</span></span></span>μ<span>s/CNES-ISA, Pléiades/AirbusD&S and radar data from Sentinel-1/ESA. We designed an automated workflow that (i) downloads the data from institutional or commercial servers, (ii) prepares the images, (iii) launches the feature tracking algorithm, (iv) calibrate the glacier surface velocities, and (v) mosaics the results to obtain filtered and averaged velocity maps. For years 2017 and 2018, glacier surface flow velocities are quantified for every possible repeat cycles from the nominal cycle of the sensor (2-16 days) up to more than one year. This new database of glacier surface flow velocity is used to construct an updated global ice volume based on the well known Shallow Ice Approximation approach. We discuss the quality of our global glacier surface flow velocity product and of our new ice volume reconstruction with respect to existing state of the art estimates and quantify the impact of our results in terms of sea level rise and water resources. <br></span></p>

scholarly journals The Influence of the Plastic Bags on the Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-599
Author(s):  
Valentina Constanta Tudor ◽  
Ancuta Marin ◽  
Diana Zamfir Vasca ◽  
Marius Mihai Micu ◽  
Dragos Ion Smedescu
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
The World ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Global Mapping ◽  
Plastic Products

It is known, as well as a rule, that plastic materials can not instictively and naturally degrade when released into the environment. Due to the persistence of plastics to degradation and also to propagation in industry, the problem of plastic pollution has progressed considerable in order to become a threat to global ecology, on land and sea. The present study presents a global mapping of actions brought in to reduce the use of plastic, plastic bags and foamed plastic products, followed by selected case studies from each region of the world, with more attention offered to the European Union countries and the strategies elaborated by them to provide a cleaner and safer environment.

A priori and a posteriori geological mapping. The geological maps of the world by Ami Boué (1843) and Jules Marcou (1861)—the Australasian aspects

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-258
Author(s):  
David Oldroyd
Keyword(s):  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Geological Maps ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Mapping ◽  
Work Done

The paper describes and discusses the work done in producing the first geological maps of the world—by Ami Boué (1843) and Jules Marcou (1861)—and their later editions. Boué had a remarkably wide knowledge of geology through his own field investigations and his vast knowledge of the geological literature. The same may be said of Marcou. But their approaches to ‘global mapping’ were very different. Boué was greatly influenced by Élie de Beaumont and also the idea that geographical knowledge could in itself facilitate the formulation of geological hypotheses and make possible producing geological maps for areas that had not yet been examined by geologists. He did, however, also make use, where possible, of written reports of areas that he had not visited. He described his work as a priori mapping, with the use of analogical reasoning. Marcou's geological mapping likewise drew on his extremely extensive field experience and geological reading, but he did not colour in the parts of the globe for which he lacked any information. Coming eighteen years after Boué, there was inevitably more information available to Marcou. Their two efforts, procedures and results are examined for Australia and New Zealand, which neither of them ever visited. An attempt is made to identify the sources that each of them might have used. The paper provides reproductions of the maps that Boué and Marcou produced, and discusses the successes and failures of their enterprises.

scholarly journals Cropping potential or the red-laterite-gravelly belt of West Bengal based on moisture availability index and soil characteristics

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
JAYANTA SARKAR ◽  
B. C. BISWAS
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Moisture Availability ◽  
Soil Information ◽  
Availability Index ◽  
Agro Forestry

Crop potential has been brought out over the red-laterite-gravelly belt of West Bengal using Moisture Availability Index (MAI) and broad soil information. MAI indicates that a crop of 15. 18-20 and 22-24 weeks. duration at 80%, 50% and 30% probability levels respectively maybe raised from this belt. In most of the stations of the belt, rice could be raised in eight out of every ten years without encountering much waterstress period. At lower probability levels. after rice, pulses like gram. tur and lentil and oilseeds like rapeseed and mustard may be raised based on residual soil moisture. In low rainfall years sorghum. groundnut, maize could be introduced in place of rice in the kharif season. Emphasis should also be given on agro-forestry and horticultural crops for increasing and stabilizing agricultural production.  

A pragmatist philosophy of psychological science and its implications for replication

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Gantman ◽  
Robin Gomila ◽  
Joel E. Martinez ◽  
J. Nathan Matias ◽  
Elizabeth Levy Paluck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
William James ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Behavioral Measurement ◽  
The World ◽  
Pragmatist Philosophy

AbstractA pragmatist philosophy of psychological science offers to the direct replication debate concrete recommendations and novel benefits that are not discussed in Zwaan et al. This philosophy guides our work as field experimentalists interested in behavioral measurement. Furthermore, all psychologists can relate to its ultimate aim set out by William James: to study mental processes that provide explanations for why people behave as they do in the world.

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