A Pulsatile Flow Phantom for Image-Guided HIFU Hemostasis of Blood Vessels

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Greaby
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Pulsatile Flow ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Flow Phantom

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF THE PULSE ON THE SPREAD OF SUBSTANCES THROUGH TISSUES

1938 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. McMaster ◽  
Robert J. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Pulsatile Flow ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue

The pulsation of blood vessels in the ear of the rabbit greatly increases the rate of the spread of dye introduced into the subcutaneous tissue. The appearance of edema in tissues perfused at a constant pressure leads to very little increase in the rate of dye spread. By contrast, a rapid interstitial spread of dye occurs in tissues becoming edematous while perfused with a pulsatile flow of blood. The significance of these facts is discussed.

scholarly journals A realistic flow phantom model of the carotid artery in preterm infants for training and research

Ultrasound ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
Sujith Pereira ◽  
Jonathan Reeves ◽  
Malcolm Birch ◽  
Sakthi Finton-James ◽  
Komal Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Pulsatile Flow ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Phantom Model ◽  
Flow Phantom ◽  
Volume Measurements

Introduction Cerebral blood flow is increasingly monitored in preterm infants. Doppler ultrasound of the carotid artery is a widely available method but is operator dependent. Our aim was to design and produce a realistic flow phantom model of the carotid artery of preterm infants. Methods Data from cerebral blood flow measurements using Doppler ultrasound of the right common carotid artery from 21 premature newborn infants were used to produce a Doppler flow phantom model with three different vessel diameters. Vessel diameter, continuous and pulsatile flow volume measurements were performed by two blinded observers (with more than eight and 20 years of experience). Results Vessel diameter measurements using the phantom were underestimated by 7%. Continuous flow volume measurements were overestimated by 7% by both observers (observer 1 mean difference 1.5 ± 1.96 SD −3.3 to 6.3 ml/min versus observer 2, 1.9 ± 1.96 SD −3.6 to 7.4 ml/min). Pulsatile flow measurements were overestimated by 12.6% by observer 1 (2.7 ± 1.96 SD −0.6 to 5.9 ml/min) and by 7.8% by observer 2 (1.7 ± 1.96 SD −1.6 to 4.9 ml/min). There was good interobserver and intraobserver reliability for the majority of measurements using continuous and pulsatile flow. Conclusion It is feasible to produce a realistic flow phantom model of the neonatal carotid artery of preterm infants. Diameter measurements were underestimated and flow measurements were overestimated. These errors fell within acceptable limits for in vivo measurements. If these limitations were related to materials, this could be explored using a wall-less model. The flow phantom could be utilised for research and training clinicians in measuring cerebral blood flow using the carotid artery in this vulnerable group of infants.

Mesenchymal stem cell-based tissue engineering of small-diameter blood vessels

Vascular ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-De Dong ◽  
Jin-Hong Huang ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
Zhao-Hui Zhu ◽  
Jian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Pulsatile Flow ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Luminal Surface ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Tissue Engineered Blood Vessels ◽  
Von Willebrand

The aim of the study was to construct small-diameter vascular grafts using canine mesenchymal stem cells (cMSCs) and a pulsatile flow bioreactor. cMSCs were isolated from canine bone marrow and expanded ex vivo. cMSCs were then seeded onto the luminal surface of decellularized arterial matrices, which were further cultured in a pulsatile flow bioreactor for four days. Immunohistochemical staining and scanning electron microscopy was performed to characterize the tissue-engineered blood vessels. cMSCs were successfully seeded onto the luminal surface of porcine decellularized matrices. After four-day culture in the pulsatile flow bioreactor, the cells were highly elongated and oriented to the flow direction. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the cells cultured under pulsatile flow expressed Von Willebrand factor, an endothelial cell marker. In conclusion, cMSCs seeded onto decellularized arterial matrices could differentiate into endothelial lineage after culturing in a pulsatile flow bioreactor, which provides a novel approach for tissue engineering of small-diameter blood vessels.

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