Determination of physiochemical properties of palm oil methyl ester catalyzed by waste cockle shells

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Fitriah Nasir ◽  
Noradila Abdul Latif ◽  
Sharifah Adzila Syed Abu Bakar ◽  
Mohd Nasrull Abdul Rahman ◽  
Siti Norhidayah Selamat ◽  
...  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
Eldha Sampepana ◽  
Paluphy Eka Yustini ◽  
Aditya Rinaldi ◽  
Amiroh Amiroh

Surfactant which is used as raw emulsifier in an industry activity such as Sodium Lauryl Sulfonate is a raw material import, it is petroleum derivative which is not renewable and may cause pollution to the environment, because it is not degraded and are carcinogenic. The purpose of the research is to compare the characteristics of the Quaternary methyl ester sulfonat (MES) and Sodium Lauryl Sulfonat (SLS) as emulsifier. First, make the MES by filtering and eliminating fatty acids of palm oil, then process the MES with enzymatic method become methyl ester, then react it in sulfonation and metanolization process, and also neutralized with NaOH. Next, the MES experiment is compared with SLS and existing MES in the market. The results show that surfactants MES experiment has value hidrofil lipofil balance (HLB) interfacial tension and emulsion stability greater than MES in the market and SLS. And the surface tension of MES experiment is larger than MES in the market, but smaller compared to SLS.ABSTRAKSurfaktan yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku emulsifer dalam aktivitas suatu industri pada saat ini seperti Sodium Lauril Sulfonat  merupakan bahan baku import yang merupakan turunan dari minyak bumi, dengan sifat tidak dapat diperbaharui dan dapat menimbulkan pencemaran terhadap lingkungan karena tidak mudah terdegradasi serta bersifat karsinogenik. Metil ester sulfonat dari bahan minyak sawit merupakan surfaktan dengan sifat mudah terdegradasi yang perlu diketahui karakteristiknya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk membandingkan karakteristik surfaktan metil ester sulfonat (MES) dan Sodium Lauril Sulfonat (SLS) sebagai bahan emulsifier. Mula-mula dilakukan pembuatan MES dengan cara menyaring dan menghilangkan asam lemak minyak sawit terlebih dahulu, kemudian diolah menjadi metil ester secara enzimatis, lalu direaksikan secara sulfonasi dan metanolisis, serta dinetralkan dengan NaOH. Selanjutnya MES hasil percobaan dibandingkan dengan SLS dan MES yang ada dipasaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa surfaktan MES memiliki nilai hidrofil lipofil balance (HLB) tegangan antar muka dan stabilitas emulsi lebih besar apabila dibandingkan dengan MES di pasaran dan SLS, kecuali nilai stabilitas emulsi antara MES dan SLS sama. Dan tegangan permukaan MES hasil percobaan, lebih besar dibandingkan dengan MES dipasaran, dan lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan SLS. Kata kunci :   Metil  ester sulfonat, hidrofil lipofil balance, emulsifier, sodium lauril sulfonat , stabilitas emulsi 


1997 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 939-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Haryati ◽  
Y. B. Che Man ◽  
A. Asbi ◽  
H. M. Ghazali ◽  
L. Buana

Author(s):  
Nur Sulihatimarsyila Abd Wafti ◽  
Robiah Yunus ◽  
Harrison Lik Nang Lau ◽  
Thomas Choong Shean Yaw ◽  
Suraini Abdul Aziz

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Barbara Potocka-Banaś ◽  
Krzysztof Borowiak ◽  
Tomasz Janus ◽  
Teresa Dembińska ◽  
Alicja Rak

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for determination of cocaine and its metabolites (benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester) in biological material. Method. Cocaine and its metabolites were quantified using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Results. The extraction repeated twice with smaller portions of solvent showed higher efficiency and lower values of standard deviation that is why it was applied to further analysis. To increase sensitivity of LC/MS/MS method optimization of declustering potential was performed over 0-300V range and DP=100V was chosen. Collision energy for cocaine and benzoylecgonine was 25V and for ecgonine methyl ester was 22V. High resolution of the apparatus allowed to select narrow signal range for each compound: 185,135±0.025 Da for cocaine-d3, 182,120±0.025 Da for cocaine, 168,105±0.025 Da for benzoylecgonine and 182,125±0.025 Da for ecgonine methyl ester. Results obtained from analysis of two series of cocaine, benzoylecgonine and ecgonine methyl ester samples allowed to plot calibration curves within the range of 1-100 ng/ml which showed linearity. Conclusion. Obtained results allowed for identification and quantitative determination of cocaine and its metabolites (benzoylecgonine and ecgonine methyl ester) in human serum. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry can find application in both forensic and clinical toxicology.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document