Perbandingan Karakteristik Surfaktan Metil Ester Sulfonat dan Sodium Lauril Sulfonat sebagai Bahan Emulsifier

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
Eldha Sampepana ◽  
Paluphy Eka Yustini ◽  
Aditya Rinaldi ◽  
Amiroh Amiroh
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Enzymatic Method

Surfactant which is used as raw emulsifier in an industry activity such as Sodium Lauryl Sulfonate is a raw material import, it is petroleum derivative which is not renewable and may cause pollution to the environment, because it is not degraded and are carcinogenic. The purpose of the research is to compare the characteristics of the Quaternary methyl ester sulfonat (MES) and Sodium Lauryl Sulfonat (SLS) as emulsifier. First, make the MES by filtering and eliminating fatty acids of palm oil, then process the MES with enzymatic method become methyl ester, then react it in sulfonation and metanolization process, and also neutralized with NaOH. Next, the MES experiment is compared with SLS and existing MES in the market. The results show that surfactants MES experiment has value hidrofil lipofil balance (HLB) interfacial tension and emulsion stability greater than MES in the market and SLS. And the surface tension of MES experiment is larger than MES in the market, but smaller compared to SLS.ABSTRAKSurfaktan yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku emulsifer dalam aktivitas suatu industri pada saat ini seperti Sodium Lauril Sulfonat  merupakan bahan baku import yang merupakan turunan dari minyak bumi, dengan sifat tidak dapat diperbaharui dan dapat menimbulkan pencemaran terhadap lingkungan karena tidak mudah terdegradasi serta bersifat karsinogenik. Metil ester sulfonat dari bahan minyak sawit merupakan surfaktan dengan sifat mudah terdegradasi yang perlu diketahui karakteristiknya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk membandingkan karakteristik surfaktan metil ester sulfonat (MES) dan Sodium Lauril Sulfonat (SLS) sebagai bahan emulsifier. Mula-mula dilakukan pembuatan MES dengan cara menyaring dan menghilangkan asam lemak minyak sawit terlebih dahulu, kemudian diolah menjadi metil ester secara enzimatis, lalu direaksikan secara sulfonasi dan metanolisis, serta dinetralkan dengan NaOH. Selanjutnya MES hasil percobaan dibandingkan dengan SLS dan MES yang ada dipasaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa surfaktan MES memiliki nilai hidrofil lipofil balance (HLB) tegangan antar muka dan stabilitas emulsi lebih besar apabila dibandingkan dengan MES di pasaran dan SLS, kecuali nilai stabilitas emulsi antara MES dan SLS sama. Dan tegangan permukaan MES hasil percobaan, lebih besar dibandingkan dengan MES dipasaran, dan lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan SLS. Kata kunci :   Metil  ester sulfonat, hidrofil lipofil balance, emulsifier, sodium lauril sulfonat , stabilitas emulsi 

scholarly journals SINTESIS SURFAKTAN METIL ESTER SULFONAT DARI PALM OIL METHYL ESTER DAN NATRIUM METABISULFIT DENGAN PENAMBAHAN KATALIS KALSIUM OKSIDA

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Nirwana ◽  
Irdoni ◽  
Jatikta Yuniharti
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Anionic Surfactant ◽  
Linear Alkylbenzene ◽  
Sodium Metabisulphite ◽  
Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate ◽  
The Stability

The most widely used surfactant is an anionic surfactant which is synthesized from petroleum namely Linear Alkylbenzene sulphonate (LABS). Methyl Ester Sulfonate which is currently being developed. Surfactant can produced from palm oil methyl ester via sulfonation sulfonate. When in this research using sodium metabisulphite. The aims of this work is to synthesize Methyl Ester Sulfonate surfactant from Palm Oil Methyl Ester using Sodium Metabisulphite and a catalyst Calcium Oxide. The effects of time and the mole ratio are also investigated. Sulfonation process carried out in 4, 5, 6 hours with mole ratio of 1: 0,5, 1:1, 1: 1,5, temperature of 80° C and with stirring speed of 450 rpm. It haven been found that the surfactant produced has density of (0.89490 g/cm3 - 0.89545 g/cm3), viscosity (2.0323 cP - 2.1329 cP), pH (2,03 - 2,48), surface tension (32.60 mN/m - 33.60 mN/m), interfacial tension (30.45 mN/m - 30.94 mN/m), and the stability emulsion (59.17% - 89, 17%).

scholarly journals OPTIMASI PRODUKSI METIL ESTER SULFONAT DARI METIL ESTER MINYAK JELANTAH

REAKTOR ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Hidayati ◽  
Natalia Gultom ◽  
Hestuti Eni
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
H2so4 Concentration ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Methyl Ester Sulfonates ◽  
Palm Methyl Ester

OPTIMATION OF METHYL ESTER SULFONATES PRODUCTION FROM WASTE COOKING METHYL ESTER. An experiment of sulfonation process of methyl ester to produce methyl ester sulfonates (MES) was caried out using waste palm methyl ester and sulfuric acid as sulfonating agent with variation of H2SO4 concentration (60% (K1), 70% (K2), dan 80% (K3)) and sulfonation time (60 minute (L1), 75 minute (L2) and 90 minute (L3)) using factorial on Randomized Complete Design Block. The experiment result showed the best sulfonation condition present in 80% H2SO4 concentration and sulfonation time of 90 minutes.  The best characteristic of MES is produced showed surface tension of 27.35 dyne/cm, emulsion stability of 89.44%, acid value of 17.72 mg KOH/g and interfacial tension of 0.0361 dyne/cm at MES concentration of 2% in 10,000 ppm salinity water. Sebuah penelitian tentang proses produksi metil ester sulfonat menggunakan minyak bekas kelapa sawit dilakukan dengan menggunakan H2SO4 sebagai agen pensulfonasi dengan variasi konsentrasi H2SO4 (60% (K1), 70% (K2), dan 80% (K3)) dan lama sulfonasi (60 menit (L1), 75 menit (L2) and 90 menit (L3)) dengan menggunakan faktorial dalam Rancangan Kelompok Teracak Lengkap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi proses sulfonasi terbaik terdapat pada konsentrasi H2SO4 80% dan lama reaksi 90 menit. Karakteristik Metil Ester Sulfonat (MES) terbaik yang dihasilkan memperlihatkan nilai tegangan permukaan 27,35 dyne/cm, stabilitas emulsi 89,44%, nilai bilangan asam antara 17,72 mg KOH/g dan nilai tegangan antar muka pada konsentrasi MES 2% di dalam air dengan salinitas 10.000 ppm yaitu 0,0361 dyne/cm.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN PENYALUT BIOBLEND PS/PCL TERHADAP PELEPASAN ZAT AKTIF UREA GRANUL

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Salman ◽  
Febriyenti ◽  
Akmal Djamaan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Anionic Surfactant ◽  
Linear Alkylbenzene ◽  
Sodium Metabisulphite ◽  
Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate ◽  
The Stability

The most widely used surfactant is an anionic surfactant which is synthesized from petroleum namely Linear Alkylbenzene sulphonate (LABS). Methyl Ester Sulfonate which is currently being developed. Surfactant can produced from palm oil methyl ester via sulfonation sulfonate. When in this research using sodium metabisulphite. The aims of this work is to synthesize Methyl Ester Sulfonate surfactant from Palm Oil Methyl Ester using Sodium Metabisulphite and a catalyst Calcium Oxide. The effects of time and the mole ratio are also investigated. Sulfonation process carried out in 4, 5, 6 hours with mole ratio of 1: 0,5, 1:1, 1: 1,5, temperature of 80° C and with stirring speed of 450 rpm. It haven been found that the surfactant produced has density of (0.89490 g/cm3 - 0.89545 g/cm3), viscosity (2.0323 cP - 2.1329 cP), pH (2,03 - 2,48), surface tension (32.60 mN/m - 33.60 mN/m), interfacial tension (30.45 mN/m - 30.94 mN/m), and the stability emulsion (59.17% - 89, 17%).

scholarly journals PENGARUH RASIO MOL REAKTAN DAN LAMA SULFONASI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK METHYL ESTER SULFONIC (MES) DARI METIL ESTER MINYAK SAWIT

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Sri Hidayati ◽  
Pudji Permadi ◽  
Hestuti Eni
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Optimal Salinity ◽  
Methyl Ester Sulfonates

An experiment of sulfonation process of methyl ester to produce methyl ester sulfonates (MES) was caried out using methyl ester palm oil in factorial design and NaHSO as sulfonating agent with variation of ratio mol NaHSO : methyl ester (1:1.25, 1:1.5, 1:1.75 and 1:2 ) and sulfonation time (3 hour (L1), 4.5 hour (L2) and 6 hour (L3). The result showed that the best sulfonation condition present in 1:1,5 mol ratio and sulfonation time of 4,5 hour. The best characteristic of MES was produced emulsion stability of 68.25%, acid value of 2.57 mg KOH/g, iod value 10.91 g 1od/100 g sample, interfacial tension of 1.806 dyne/cm at MES concentration of 1% (w/w). The optimal salinity occured at concentration of 20.000 ppm which 1FT value of 0.0055 dyne/cm. Heating at a temperature of 800 C for 30 days with the addition of 2 3.Keywords: MES, sulfonation, NaHSO ABSTRAKSebuah penelitian tentang proses produksi metil ester sulfonat menggunakan bahan baku metil ester minyak kelapa sawit dilakukan secara faktorial menggunakan NaHSO sebagai agen pensulfonasi dengan variasi rasio mol NaHSO 1:1,25, 1:1,5, 1:1,75 dan 1:2 dan lama sulfonasi.dengan variasi 3; 45; dan 6 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi proses sulfonasi terbaik terdapat pada rasio metil ester dan mol reaktan 1:1,5 dan  lama reaksi  4,5 jam dan suhu reaksi lOOoC yang menghasilkan nilai stabilitas emulsi 68,25%, bilangan asam 2,57 mg KOH/g sampel, bilangan iod 10,91 g 1od/100 g sampel. Konsentrasi metil ester sulfonat MES terbaik untuk menghasilkan 1FT terendah adalah 1% (b/b) yaitu 1,806 dyne/cm, salinitas optimal terjadi pada 20.000 ppm NaCl dengan nilai 1FT 0,0055 dyne/cm. 0,098 dyne/cm.Kata kunci: MES, proses sulfonasi, NaHSO 

Pemanfaatan Metil Ester Sulfonat pada Pembuatan Deterjen Cair

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
Eldha Sampepana ◽  
Suroto Hadi Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Alcohol Sulfate ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Linear Alkylbenzene ◽  
Alkylbenzene Sulfonate ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Right

In the manufacture of detergents still using surfactants (which serves as an emulsifier) of crude oil in the form of the AS. (alcohol sulfate) and LAS (linear alkylbenzene sulfonate), where this type of surfactant cannot be degraded by microorganisms when discharged into the environment, causing environmental pollution. Methyl ester sulfonate surfactant is an anionic surfactant which has a composition of C16 - C18 fatty acids are capable of acting against nature deterjensinya, while the C12 - C14 fatty acids contribute to the foaming effect. The purpose of this study was to look for the formulation of methyl ester sulfonate (MES) the right to produce a good detergent by using materials such as methyl ester sulfonate surfactant self-made, methyl ester sulfonate and sodium lauryl market Ester Sulfate (SLS) with a concentration of 15 %, 20 % and 25 %. Detergent results of the study have high detergency ( net ) compared with the detergency of detergent commercial, have a stable emulsion stability, the stability of the foam/foam detergent power made from methyl ester sulfonate surfactant produces less foam, compared with a detergent made from SLS and surfactant SNI 06-4075-1996 standards.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Detergent Based on Crude Palm Oil and Titania Nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 2394-2396
Author(s):  
P.P. Wulandari ◽  
M.T. Adiwibowo ◽  
A.S. Redjeki ◽  
M. Ibadurrohman ◽  
Slamet
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Titania Nanoparticles ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Tension Analysis

In this work, we report the synthesis of eco-friendly detergent from crude palm oil and titania. Crude palm oil was converted into methyl ester sulfonate through esterification, transesterification and followed by sulfonation process. As-produced methyl ester sulfonate was characterized with Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LCMS) and surface tension analysis. Detergents were synthesized by dispersing titania nanoparticles into methyl ester sulfonate solution, forming a nanofluid. Stability and detergency of the nanofluidic detergents were then evaluated. The results showed that the nanofluid detergents were stable in the presence of 0.1 wt % titania and the photocatalytic activity of titania nanoparticles improved the ability of nanofluidic detergents to remove dirt as well as degrading the surfactant residues in the laundry waste stream.

scholarly journals Estudio cinético de la sulfonación de ésteres metílicos derivados de la estearina de palma

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Jesús Alfonso Torres Ortega ◽  
Luis Alejandro Díaz Aldana ◽  
Francisco José Sánchez Castellanos
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Reaction Velocity ◽  
Other Substances

<strong><strong></strong></strong>Los ésteres metílicos como alternativa oleoquímica permiten sintetizar compuestos para la fabricación de detergentes, polímeros, recubrimientos, cosméticos, pinturas y otras sustancias. Así, la transformación del aceite de palma se establece como una cadena productiva con múltiples aplicaciones industriales. Las propiedades biológicas del éster metílico sulfonado, derivado del aceite de palma, permiten desarrollar detergentes de baja toxicidad al medio ambiente, son una fuente renovable de materia prima, y con su desarrollo se explota este recurso nacional; se generan así conocimiento y fuentes adicionales de trabajo. La sulfonación de ésteres metílicos es una reacción altamente exotérmica en la que la velocidad de reacción determina la carga térmica que debe disipar el reactor, y por tanto es trascendental para el diseño del reactor de sulfonación y su modelamiento matemático. Mediante técnicas instrumentales se estableció una expresión cinética para la velocidad de reacción. Los ensayos realizados en el laboratorio permitieron la deducción de una cinética de segundo orden para el mecanismo de reacción propuesto; esta velocidad de reacción describe adecuadamente la sulfonación con SO3 de ésteres metílicos derivados de la estearina hidrogenada de palma. Se verificó la cinética de segundo orden de la reacción global del proceso de sulfonación de ésteres metílicos con SO3. <p class="Corpoica"><strong>Kinetic study of methyl esters sulfonation derived from palm stearin </strong></p><p class="Corpoica">The methyl esters as an alternative to oil-chemical compounds, is an feedstock to manufacture of detergents, polymers, coatings, cosmetics, paints and other substances, establishing them the palm oil transformation like a productive chain with multiple applications at the industry level. Biological properties of biodiesel (methyl ester) sulfonated allow to develop low toxicity detergents to the environment, they are a renewable source of raw material, and with its development it is possible to take advantage of a national sources of knowledge and employment. Methyl esters sulfonation is a reaction highly exothermic, where reaction velocity determines the charge of heat, which should be dissipated by reactor. Therefore, it is important for sulfonation reactor design and its mathematical modelling. In this investigation, a kinetic study for methyl ester from palm oil stearin with sulfur trioxide SO3 sulfonation is presented, whereby with experimental techniques, it was possible to obtain a kinetic expression for reaction velocity. Tests in the laboratory allowed the deduction of a second-order kinetics for the reaction mechanism proposed, the reaction rate described adequately with SO3 sulfonation of methyl esters derived from hydrogenated palm stearin. It was observed second order kinetics of the reaction for the overall process of sulfonation with SO3 methyl esters. </p>

scholarly journals Performance of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as Biodiesel Source Based on Different Ponds

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 02038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deodata Leela ◽  
Syukri M. Nur ◽  
Erkata Yandri ◽  
Ratna Ariati
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Source ◽  
Waste Storage ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Temporary Solution ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

The purpose of this paper is to prove that waste palm oil industry (POME) can be used as raw material (source of energy) for biodiesel. In the production process, palm oil mill produced large amounts of waste. The provision of a shelter pond system is a temporary solution from palm oil mill to relocate the liquid waste. With BOD content with range 25,625 to 39,616.7 mg/l and COD content with range 117,333.3 to 146,333.3 mg/l, this condition will generate a serious problem for environmental pollution. Therefore, it is important to test the characteristics of waste oil from each pond. The hexane solvent extraction method is used to separate the oil from the liquid waste. The first pond contains 51.3% water, 21% oil, 2% sludge & sediment and 5.6% free fatty acids. The second pond contains 86.7% water, 16.1% oil, 2.4% sludge & sediment and 8% free fatty acids. The third pond contains 74% water, 6.8% oil, 3.1% sludge & sediment and 12.2% free fatty acid and the fourth pond contains 78.7% water, 3.7% oil, 2% sludge & sediment and 13.3% free fatty acids. Based on the results of this research, the characteristics of POME and its oil losses are the fraction of oil wasted from Crude Palm Oil (CPO) processing, whereas CPO has characteristics as a raw material for Biodiesel. POME should be processed into biodiesel since the liquid waste is discarded from palm oil mill, so there is no need a big land to make waste storage ponds.

Transesterification of palm oil to fatty acids methyl ester using K 2 CO 3 /palygorskite catalyst

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 142-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Shan ◽  
Jiafu Shi ◽  
Beibei Yan ◽  
Guanyi Chen ◽  
Jingang Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Palm Oil

scholarly journals Formulation of Biodegreaser Made from Palm Oil Methyl Ester Sulfonate Surfactant with Oxalic Acid Additive

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Illah Sailah ◽  
Erliza Hambali ◽  
Fadilla Eka Aulyana
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Cleaning Agent ◽  
Oxalic Acid Concentration ◽  
Palm Methyl Ester

The development of bio degreaser made from palm oil surfactant aims to substitute bio degreaser made from petroleum surfactant which is less environmentally friendly. The development was carried out by formulating palm methyl ester sulfonate (MES) surfactant with oxalic acid as metal or non-metal cleaning agent. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best concentration of oxalic acid in the bio degreaser formulation. The concentrations of oxalic acid tested were 7, 8, and 9%. The best concentration of oxalic acid was determined based on the results of characteristic tests and detergency tests, namely 7% oxalic acid concentration. The resulting bio degreaser product has a pH of 1.6; viscosity 1.39 cp; specific gravity of 1.012; surface tension 32 dyne/cm and detergency power 84%. Furthermore, the resulting bio degreaser was added with Diethanolamioda (DEA) surfactant. The purpose of adding DEA surfactant is to increase the pH and lower the surface tension. The formulation results showed an increase in pH from 1.6 to 3.2 and a decrease in surface tension from 31.97 dyne/cm to 28.70 dyne/cm. In addition, there was an increase in viscosity from 1.39 cp to 1.62 cp and specific gravity from 1.012 to 1.018.

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