scholarly journals Points of View: Where Do We Look When We Watch TV?

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p6253 ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1890-1894 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Adam Brasel ◽  
James Gips
Keyword(s):  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Brand Logos

How is our gaze dispersed across the screen when watching television? An exploratory eyetracker study with a custom-designed show indicated a very strong center-of-screen bias with gaze points following a roughly normal distribution peaked near screen center. Examining the show across time revealed that people were rarely all looking at the same location, and the amount of gaze dispersion within frames was highly variable. Different forms of programming yielded different levels of dispersion: static network ‘bumpers’ created the tightest visual groupings, and gaze dispersion for frames with show content was less than the dispersion for commercials. Advertising frames with brand logos generated higher dispersion than the non-branded advertisement portions, and repeated advertisements generated higher dispersion than their first-run counterparts.

scholarly journals Identifying counterfeit brand logos: on the importance of the first and last letters of a logotype

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 2109-2125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Pathak ◽  
Carlos Velasco ◽  
Gemma Anne Calvert
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Visual Similarity ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Brand Logos

Purpose Counterfeiting is a menace in the emerging markets and many successful brands are falling prey to it. Counterfeit brands not only deceive consumers but also fuel a demand for lower priced replicas, both of which can devalue the bona-fide brand. But can consumers accurately identify a counterfeit logo? This paper aims to explore this question and examines the accuracy and speed with which a consumer can identify a counterfeit (vs original) logo. Design/methodology/approach Seven popular brand logos were altered by transposing and substituting the first and last letters of the logotypes. Consumers then classified the logos as counterfeit (vs original) across two experiments. Findings Participants were faster and more accurate in identifying a counterfeit logo when the first letter (vs last letter) of a logotype was manipulated, thus revealing last letter manipulations of a brand’s logotype to be more deceptive. Research limitations/implications This paper comments only on the manipulation of logotypes but not of logo symbols. Similarly, findings may not be generalizable across languages which are read from right to left. Practical implications Counterfeit trade is already a multibillion dollar industry. Understanding the key perceptual differentiators between a counterfeit (vs original) logo can be insightful for both consumers and firms alike. Originality/value Research available on objective measures of similarities (vs dissimilarities) between counterfeit (vs original) brand logos is limited. This paper contributes by examining the ability of consumers to discriminate between counterfeit (vs original) logos at different levels of visual similarity.

Hola Followers! Content Analysis of YouTube Channels of Female Fashion Influencers in Spain and Ecuador

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402110566
Author(s):  
Bárbara Castillo-Abdul ◽  
Luis M. Romero-Rodríguez ◽  
Johana Balseca
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
The World ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Brand Logos ◽  
Delphi Analysis

The objective of this article is to analyze the contents and unconventional advertising narratives of the eight most important women in the world of fashion in Spain and Ecuador in relation to the number of followers and points of view, in order to identify the discursive and esthetic strategies and narratives that may reflect the keys to their experience as prescribers, through a content analysis based on the interpretation of the five most viewed videos between 2018 and 2019 from four Spanish to four Ecuadorian YouTube channels ( ME = 40) based on a three-round Delphi analysis sheet with a validity of W = 0.828 and α = .947. The content is analyzed from a qualitative perspective, which allows an in-depth exploration of the dimensions and indicators of impact and influence on YouTube channels. The research presents the findings that the influencers reviewed use crutches, idioms, and set phrases to identify with their audience. The audiovisual narrative is simple, maintaining its amateur style. Advertising positioning in the channels analyzed is given by identifying the brand in the spoken discourse, the presence of brand logos, advertisements and promotions, and the presence of products of the sponsoring brands.

SYSTEM THINKING – THE COMPETENCE OF THE MODERN HEAD

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
E.L. Maslova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Level ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
System Thinking ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Systemic Thinking ◽  
Innovative Thinking ◽  
Effective Manager ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Different Levels

The article considers the importance of the systemic thinking of a leader as a key competence of an effective manager of the 21st century. The employers’ understanding of the analyzed quality at different levels of development of this competency is shown: from awareness to expert. So, for example, the initial level involves the ability to describe the relationships between processes in your subject area, but at the highest level, the leader or specialist should already see the grounds that unite them, be able to make strategic decisions. Systemic thinking allows you to look at the problem being solved as a system of interrelated factors, to rise above the problem and see it in its entirety, the socalled “Helicopter Sight”. From the point of view of systemic thinking, the importance for the leader of the ability to reveal the abilities of subordinates is shown; ability to respect and be tolerant of other, sometimes opposite and alien points of view. The author gives the results of many years of research on problems of thinking. The studies conducted during the training with the managers and specialists of PJSC Gazprom on the development of systemic and innovative thinking showed an insufficient level of development of systemic thinking. It was also found that managers and specialists included in the organization’s personnel reserve need a deeper study of the essence of systemic thinking and its tools.

scholarly journals Implicit and explicit identification of counterfeit brand logos based on logotype transposition

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Pathak ◽  
Carlos Velasco ◽  
Gemma Anne Calvert
Keyword(s):  
Large Body ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Logo Recognition ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Brand Logos

Purpose With trade amounting to more than US$400bn, counterfeiting is already affecting many successful brands. Often, consumers are deceived into buying fake products due to the visual similarity between fake and original brand logos. This paper aims to explore the varying forms of fraudulent imitation of original brand logotypes (operationalized at the level of logotype transposition), which can aid in the detection of a counterfeit brand. Design/methodology/approach Across two studies, this research tested how well consumers can differentiate counterfeit from original logos of well-known brands both explicitly and implicitly. Seven popular brand logos were altered to create different levels of visual dissimilarity and participants were required to discriminate the logos as fake or genuine. Findings Results demonstrate that although consumers can explicitly discriminate fake logos with a high degree of accuracy, the same is not true under conditions in which logos are presented very briefly (tapping participants’ implicit or automatic logo recognition capabilities), except when the first and last letters of the logotype are substituted. Originality/value A large body of research on counterfeit trade focuses on the individual or cross-cultural differences behind the prevalence of counterfeit trade. There is limited research exploring the ability of a consumer to correctly identify a fake logo, based on its varying similarity with the original logotype; this paper addresses this gap. Given that many of the purchase decisions are often made automatically, identifying key implicit differentiators that can help a consumer recognize a fake logo should be informative to both practitioners and academics.

Oscillography Based Analysis of the Arc Stability in Manual Welding with Coated Electrode in Pulsed Current

2015 ◽  
Vol 1128 ◽  
pp. 209-216
Author(s):  
Mircea Burcă ◽  
Ioan Lucaciu
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Pulsed Current ◽  
Metal Bath ◽  
Arc Voltage ◽  
Transfer Mode ◽  
Coated Electrode ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Coated Electrodes

Welding in pulsed current is specific to welding procedures carried out in MIG / MAG and WIG shielding gases environment, and which is appealling from both technological and process quality points of view because of the advantages this procedure provides, especially controlling the transfer mode and the power introduced into components. Making use of pulsed current in manual welding with coated electrodes is a new challenge to modern inverter based sources with potential technological advantages. In this case the advantage of pulsed current is linked to controlling the molten metal bath, its volume as a result of partial solidification, similar to the manual WIG welding using low frequency pulsed current < 5 Hz. The paper presents some technological issues related to the use of pulsed current in the case of manual welding with coated electrodes by arc oscillograpy. Experimental research aimed at recording the shapes of current pulses for different brands of electrodes and diameters, and for different parameters of welding current, different levels of pulses frequency respectively, and the oscillograms analysis through the variation of welding current and arc voltage in order to explain phenomena occurring in the arc when welding. This will allow also a better understanding of the technological issues in the case of manual welding with coated electrode in pulsed current.

scholarly journals Autism and talent: the cognitive and neural basis of systemizing

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
People Search ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Different Levels

In 2003, we proposed the hypersystemizing theory of autism. The theory proposes that the human mind possesses a systemizing mechanism (SM) that helps identify lawful regularities (often causal) that govern the input-operation-output workings of a system. The SM can be tuned to different levels, from low to high, with a normal distribution of individual differences in how strongly people search for such input-operation-out-put regularities in any data that is systemizable. Evidence suggests that people with autism are on average hypersystemizers, scoring higher than average on the systemizing quotient and on performance tests of systemizing. In this article, we consider the neural basis behind the SM, since there has been little consideration of the brain basis of systemizing. Finally, we discuss directions for future work in this field.

scholarly journals Umjetnički poticaji kroz proces odgoja i obrazovanja

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.) ◽  
Author(s):  
Branimir Mendeš ◽  
Hicela Ivon ◽  
Dunja Pivac
Keyword(s):  
Art Education ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Creative Play ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Art Activities ◽  
Teaching Conceptions ◽  
Different Levels

Taking into consideration various points of view the paper discusses aesthetic stimuli of particular arts during the process of education. Special attention has been given to the importance of the art education at different levels of the educational system. The introductory part elaborates various teaching conceptions of the art education within the framework of the historical development. In the second part of the paper children´s creative play is considered as an aesthetic art category. The third part of the paper discusses the possibilities for fostering primary school children´s aesthetic sensitivity through diversified creative visual-art activities. The importance of these aesthetic activities is paid special attention from the point of view of the intrasubjective, i.e. emotional. The authors emphasize this as a starting point and a process in an individual´s education in the area of art speech and art creativity.

BREEDING VALUE ESTIMATION OF SIRES ON THEIR DAUGHTER’S MILK PRODUCTION IN VARIOUS LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT WITH SIMMENTAL CATTLE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.Н. ХАРИТОНОВ ◽  
Н.С. АЛТУХОВА ◽  
Е.Е. МЕЛЬНИКОВА ◽  
О.Ю. ОСАДЧАЯ ◽  
А.А. СЕРМЯГИН
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Management Level ◽  
Value Evaluation ◽  
Value Estimation ◽  
Simmental Cattle ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Different Levels

Проведены исследования, направленные на сравнение эффективности оценки быков по отдельным признакам молочной продуктивности их дочерей на базе построения и решения уравнения смешанной модели, оптимизированного для популяции симментальского скота на разных уровнях управления породой. В анализе были использованы региональные базы данных «СЕЛЭКС» 5 регионов. Доказано, что точность оценки генотипов на популяционном уровне управления была существенно выше (на 9,6% в среднем), чем на региональных. При этом методология BLUP-оценки значительно более эффективна по сравнению с использованием официальной инструкции [5, 6] оценки быков, основанной на прямом сравнении продуктивности дочерей со сверстницами. Рассчитанные величины генетических и фенотипических корреляций между отдельными признаками молочной продуктивности в породе существенно различались как по значениям, так и по направлению взаимосвязей. Эти результаты определили существенную вариабельность значений ранговой корреляции между быками, oцененными на породном и региональных уровнях управления. В результате организация оценки быков-производителей на породном уровне управления имеет существенные преимущества в сравнении с ее проведением на региональных уровнях. From theoretical and practical points of view the breeding value evaluation is a base for all other breeding activities with animals in the population. In this regard studies on comparative effectiveness of sire’s breeding value estimation on different levels of Simmental breed management have been conducted. The analysis was used the data base of breeding records of five regions. The assessment procedure was carried out at regional subpopulation management levels and at the breed level. It was proved that the accuracy of evaluating genotypes at the population management level is significantly higher (by 9,6 percent) than it’s at regional levels. At the same time, the BLUP methodology turn out to be more effective in comparison with a direct comparison of the productivity of daughters and their herd mates. The calculated phenotypical and genetic correlations between single traits of dairy production significantly differed both in magnitude and in their direction. These results determined a significant variability in the values of rank correlations between sires assessed at the breed and regional levels of management. As a result, organization of sire’s breeding value evaluation at breed level of management with Simmental breed has much more advantages with its conduct at the regional levels.

scholarly journals Shewhart Attribute and Variable Control Charts Using Modified Multiple Dependent State Sampling

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aslam ◽  
Nasrullah Khan ◽  
Mohammed Albassam
Keyword(s):  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Control Chart ◽  
Control Charts ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Attribute Data ◽  
Variable Control ◽  
Run Lengths ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Dependent State ◽  
Selection Of

In this article, modified multiple dependent (or deferred) state sampling control charts for the attribute and the variable quality characteristics are presented. The proposed control charts are designed using the symmetry property of the normal distribution. The control chart coefficients are estimated through simulation at different levels of the parameters using the normal distribution. The proposed control chart scheme is evaluated by calculating the in-control average run lengths and out-of-control average run lengths. Tables are constructed for the selection of parameters for different control limit coefficients under several shift levels for the attribute data as well as the variable data. Examples are included for the practical application of the proposed control chart schemes. The proposed control chart scheme is also compared with the existing control charts. It has been observed that the proposed schemes are better in quick detection of the out-of-control processes.

scholarly journals The Concept of Distributivity In Old High German and Middle High German Texts

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Galyna Iarmolovych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Middle High German ◽  
Old High German ◽  
Number Words ◽  
Primitive People ◽  
Preceding Word ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Modern Standard

Quantification and numbers, numerals and number words have been in the focus of research on different levels of linguistical studies. The mathematical thinking and understanding of primitive arithmetical manipulations have been covered from both the mathematical and psychological points of view. The concept of distribution developed from the ability to group objects and belongs to the second wave of the mathematical understanding of primitive people. Being one of the first concepts developed in the human consciousness it stayed un-nominalised until the development of the number consequence paradigm. The distributive constructs existing in the Modern German language are a result of development from the Proto Indo European through the Proto Germanic, Old High German, and Middle High German languages. However, the modern standard concept of distributivity is built on the preceding word – i.e., a number of colloquial variations keep being used in some German dialects.

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