Guide to the Cockroaches of Australia

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rentz
Keyword(s):  
Pest Species ◽  
Field Guide ◽  
Comprehensive Account ◽  
Health Standards ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common

Cockroaches! Even a mere mention of the word causes many people to recoil in horror. However, of the hundreds of species of cockroaches (or blattodeans as they are known) found in Australia, only a small number of them give the group a bad name. Just a few species that are commonly found in homes, restaurants and hospitals are responsible for thousands of dollars in expenditure to comply with health standards. A Guide to the Cockroaches of Australia is a comprehensive account of most of the 550 described species found in Australia. The book reveals their diversity and beauty, it looks in detail at their morphology, habitats and ecology, and explains how to collect and preserve them. Importantly, it will allow pest controllers, students and researchers to reliably identify most of the common pest species as well as the non-pest cockroaches. It will also, perhaps, go some way towards elevating the reputation of these much-maligned insects, and promote further study of them. 2014 Whitley Award Commendation for Field Guide.

Microbiology of cerumen in patients with recurrent otitis externa and cases with open mastoidectomy cavities

2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yavuz Selim Pata ◽  
Candan Öztürk ◽  
Yücel Akbaş ◽  
Murat Ünal ◽  
Kemal Görür ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Open Cavity ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

This study investigated the common flora of human cerumen in patients with recurrent otitis externa, and subjects who had been operated on and had an open mastoidectomy cavity from chronic otitis media.Cerumen samples were collected from three groups; group A (n = 20) consisted of patients with recurrent otitis externa, group B (n = 20) consisted of patients with an open cavity and group C (n = 30) consisted of healthy subjects.The mean of the microbial count was 3.4 × 104 in group A, 3.08 × 104 in group B and 2.48 × 104 in group C. The most commonly isolated microorganism from the three groups was Staphylococcus epidermidis. No growth was observed in five cases (25 per cent) in group A and in three cases (10 per cent) in group C. In groupB antimicrobial growth was observed in all samples. In 46 (65 per cent) of the cerumen samples,the isolates were monomicrobial and 24 (35 per cent) of the cerumen samples were polymicrobial. The isolates were polymicrobial in 65 per cent of group A, 20 per cent in group B and 23.3 per cent in group C.In the process of investigating the microbial flora of cerumen in all the three groups, microbial growth was observed from all the samples from patients with an open cavity, unlike the other groups, and it was determined that the group with recurrent external otitis had the most abundant microbial flora.

scholarly journals Clinical and immunologic assessment of a complex of therapeutic-preventive measures concerning chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children with comorbid diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-301
Author(s):  
Oksana I. Godovanets ◽  
Аnastasiia V. Kotelban ◽  
Petro V. Moroz ◽  
Oleksandr O. Vitkovskyi ◽  
Tetiana S. Kitsak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Antiseptic Solution ◽  
Similar Tendency ◽  
Group A ◽  
Comparative Group ◽  
The Common

The aim of our study is to increase the efficacy of treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus by means of improvement of the methods of pharmacological correction on the basis of investigation of clinical-immunologic peculiarities of the disease. Materials and methods: 2 groups of the study were formed. Children received basic insulin therapy. The treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children from the main group were suggested the antiseptic solution “Decasan”; pill of a probiotic action “BioGaia ProDentis” and the immune modulator “Imupret”. Children from the comparative group were treated according to the common scheme. Results: The state of the oral hygiene in all the children after treatment improved considerably. According to PMA index inflammatory process was completely eliminated in children from the main group. A similar tendency was observed concerning sextants with gingival bleeding. In children dental calculus was lacking after treatment. Lysozyme activity in the oral fluid of children after treatment increased approximately 37.50% in the main group, and 16,67 % – in the comparison group. A similar tendency was found concerning sIgА level. Conclusions: Therefore, conducted course of the treatment concerning chronic catarrhal gingivitis promoted considerable improvement of the periodontal tissue in children.

scholarly journals Bed bugs: The move to humans as hosts

FACETS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Talbot ◽  
Nusha Keyghobadi ◽  
Brock Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Insectivorous Birds ◽  
Bed Bugs ◽  
Bed Bug ◽  
Ecological Success ◽  
The Common

Cimicid insects, bed bugs and their allies, include about 100 species of blood-feeding ectoparasites. Among them, a few have become widespread and abundant pests of humans. Cimicids vary in their degree of specialization to hosts. Whereas most species specialize on insectivorous birds or bats, the common bed bug can feed on a range of distantly related host species, such as bats, humans, and chickens. We suggest that association with humans and generalism in bed bugs led to fundamentally different living conditions that fostered rapid growth and expansion of their populations. We propose that the evolutionary and ecological success of common bed bugs reflected exploitation of large homeothermic hosts (humans) that sheltered in buildings. This was a departure from congeners whose hosts are much smaller and often heterothermic. We argue that interesting insights into the biology of pest species may be obtained using an integrated view of their ecology and evolution.

Field Guide to the Common Mangroves, Seagrasses and Algae of the Philippines

Taxon ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
John West ◽  
Hilconida P. Calumpong ◽  
Ernani G. Meñez ◽  
Ernani G. Menez
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
Field Guide ◽  
The Common

The common wolf snake, Lycodon aulicus capucinus, a recent colonists of Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
TH Fritts
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Boiga Irregularis ◽  
Christmas Island ◽  
Brown Tree Snake ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Common

The discovery of the common wolf snake, Lycodon aulicus capucinus, on Christmas I . in the Indian Ocean suggests that individuals of the species have colonised the island recently. On the basis of biological information for this widespread colubrid snake and for the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis, a well-documented pest species on Guam, the establishment of the common wolf snake would pose a severe threat to the native fauna and ecology of Christmas I. Immediate research is needed to document the spread of the snake, to evaluate its effects on other fauna, and to control or eradicate the species before it becomes firmly established.

Occurrence of mono- and di-glycosylated conjugates of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in naturally contaminated cereals

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Veprikova ◽  
M. Vaclavikova ◽  
O. Lacina ◽  
Z. Dzuman ◽  
M. Zachariasova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cereal Samples ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Parent ◽  
First Time

An increasing incidence of T-2 and HT-2 toxins (T-2 and HT-2) representing group A trichothecenes has been observed in Fusarium infected small grain cereals in the last decade. Quite recently, the existence of glucosides of T-2 and HT-2 has also been proved next to the common parent forms. There is a strong desire to deepen the knowledge of the occurrence of these conjugates and the possibilities of their analytical determination. A new analytical procedure has been developed for monitoring T-2/HT-2 conjugates in cereal samples. Four different sample preparation methods based on crude acetonitrile:water extraction, QuEChERS, solid phase extraction and immunoaffinity clean-up, were tested. The latter approach employing dedicated immunoaffinity cross-reactive cartridges was shown to be the best option for selective isolation and pre-concentration of the target conjugated analytes. The samples obtained in this way were examined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography hyphenated to high resolution tandem mass spectrometry that enabled the confirmation of the presence of conjugated T-2 and HT-2. In addition to mono-glycosylated forms of T-2 and HT-2 detected in naturally contaminated barley, wheat and oats, we have also documented for the first time the existence of diglucosides of HT-2 in barley.

Inheritance of scald resistance in barley. I. Resistance of genes of group A barley cultivars

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Ali
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Rhynchosporium Secalis ◽  
Common Gene ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common

The genetic basis of resistance and susceptibility of barley cultivars to Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) Davis was determined from F2 and F3 progenies of crosses among five resistant and four susceptible cultivars. The resistant cultivars Psaknon, Atlas 46, Atlas 57, Hudson and Turk were found to share a common gene in addition to other genes for resistance. No race of the pathogen found in Western Australia was able to overcome the resistance conferred by the common gene. The effectiveness of the identified resistance genes to two isolates of R. secalis was studied under glasshouse conditions in winter and summer, and in the field during winter.

scholarly journals FIBRE HETEROGENEITY IN THE CLOSER AND OPENER MUSCLES OF CRAYFISH WALKING LEGS

1993 ◽  
Vol 175 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gunzel ◽  
S. Galler ◽  
W. Rathmayer
Keyword(s):  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Astacus Leptodactylus ◽  
Shortening Velocity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Excitatory Junction Potentials ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group B

1. The closer and opener muscles in the third walking legs of the three crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus, Procambarus clarkii and Astacus leptodactylus are composed of fibres which differ in histochemistry, electrophysiology and morphology. Three major groups of fibres (A, B and C) were distinguished. 2. Group A fibres react weakly to histochemical stains for myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase) activity characteristic of fibres with slow shortening speeds. In the opener muscle, they are innervated by the opener excitor (OE) and the specific opener inhibitor (OI). In the closer muscle, group A fibres are innervated by the common inhibitory neurone (CI) in addition to single (slow closer excitor, SCE) or double excitatory (SCE and fast closer excitor, FCE) innervation. Group A fibres have the largest excitatory junction potentials (EJPs), the longest membrane time constants (tau) and the longest sarcomeres. They are located at the very distal and proximal ends of both muscles. 3. Group B fibres show higher mATPase activity than group A fibres. In the opener muscle, they are innervated by OE and OI; in the closer muscle, they receive double excitatory (SCE and FCE) and CI innervation. Single SCE and OE EJPs are small; those caused by FCE are larger. tau is shorter than in the other two fibre groups. Sarcomere lengths lie between those of group A and C fibres. Group B fibres are found along the entire lengths of both muscles. 4. Group C fibres exhibit the highest mATPase activity (characteristic of fibres with fast shortening velocity) which, in contrast to the ATPase of group B fibres, is not resistant to alkaline preincubation at pH 10.05. In the closer, these fibres lack innervation by CI, otherwise the innervation pattern is identical to that of group B fibres. EJP size is similar to that of group B fibres; tau ranges between values for group A and B fibres. Sarcomere lengths are the shortest of all the fibre types. Group C fibres constitute the majority of the fibres in the two muscles and mainly occupy the central regions.

scholarly journals Distribution of ABO, Rhesus D and Subgroups of ABO among Blood Donors in Sokoto, North Western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
A. B. Ibrahim ◽  
H. Attahiru ◽  
O. Erhabor ◽  
P. F. Udomah ◽  
A. Yakubu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tile Method ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group B ◽  
North Western

ABO, Rhesus D and subgroups of ABO are highly immunogenic and are the common cause of antibody production in mismatched blood transfusions, haemolytic transfusion reaction and maternal alloimmunization. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of ABO, Rh D and subgroups of ABO among blood donors attending Specialist Hospital Sokoto, Nigeria. ABO, Rhesus D and subgroups of ABO antigen status of 176 blood donors with mean age of 30.44 ± 8.210 years attending Specialist Hospital Sokoto were determined using tile method for ABO and Rh D and conventional tube method for anti- A1, anti- H reagents for ABO subgroups respectively. Among the 176 subjects tested, blood group O+ was the most frequent group with 93 (52.8%), 39 (22.2%) were blood group B+, 37(21.0%) were blood group A+, 5 (2.8%) were blood group AB+, 2 (1.1%) were blood group O-. No data was obtained for A-, B- and AB- blood groups.  Out of 37 A blood groups obtained, 31 (83.8%) had A1 antigens and 6 (16.2%) had A2 antigens. Out of the 5 AB blood groups, all had A1B antigens. The study also shows that there was statistically significant difference between blood group A and ethnic groups (Hausa, Fulani and Yoruba) (p<0.05). Blood group O was found to be the most frequent followed by B, A and AB except among Hausa which revealed a pattern of O> A> B> AB. ABO, subgroups shows majority had A1 followed by A2 and A1B respectively.

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