scholarly journals Health status of people who have provided informal care or support to an adult with chronic disease in the last 5 years: results from a population-based cross-sectional survey in South Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Luckett ◽  
Meera Agar ◽  
Michelle DiGiacomo ◽  
Caleb Ferguson ◽  
Lawrence Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective The aim of the present study was to compare the health status of South Australians with recent experience of caring for an adult with chronic disease with non-carers drawn from the same population. Methods Data were collected via the South Australian Health Omnibus, an annual population-based, cross-sectional survey. Respondents were asked whether they had provided care or support in the last 5 years to someone with cancer, heart disease, respiratory disease, mental illness, neurological disease or dementia. Health status was measured using the Short Form-12 version 1 (SF-12) physical and mental component scale summary scores (PCS and MCS respectively), with poor health status defined as ≥0.5 standard deviation below the normative mean. Logistic regression explored characteristics associated with poor health status. Results Of 3033 respondents analysed, 987 (32.5%) reported caring experience. Poor PCS and MCS were associated with carer status, lower-than-degree-level education, employment status other than employed and annual household income less than A$60000. Being Australian born was a protective factor for PCS, whereas factors protective for MCS were being married or in a de facto relationship and age ≥65 years. Conclusions Providing care or support in the last 5 years is independently associated with poorer health status, but not with the magnitude found in studies of current carers. Future research should explore health status recovery after completion of the caring role, and investigate whether relationships between health and socioeconomic status differ for carers versus non-carers. What is known about the topic? Population-based survey studies in Australia and overseas have consistently found that informal carers have worse health status than non-carers. What does this paper add? Including recent as well as current carers in a population-based sample was associated with less effect on health status compared with studies focused on current carers only. This finding is consistent with the possibility that health status recovers during the 5 years after caring. What are the implications for practitioners? Support for Australian carers is warranted to ensure their continuing contributions to society and return to productivity after their caring role is completed.

scholarly journals Health system responsiveness to refugees: a population-based, cross-sectional study in Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Biddle ◽  
J Wenner ◽  
K Bozorgmehr
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Health System ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Environment ◽  
System Responsiveness ◽  
Health System Responsiveness

Abstract Background Responsiveness, a critical component of health system performance, has received little attention in the context of international migration. Yet the concept provides a unique lens to study the system's ability to meet the legitimate expectations of its users. This study aims to identify predictors of responsiveness for asylum seekers and refugees (ASR) in Germany. Methods A population-based, cross-sectional health monitoring survey was conducted in Germany's third-largest federal state using random sampling at the level of all 1938 accommodation centers. Established instruments were used to measure responsiveness, health status, and socio-demographic factors. Data were weighted for sampling design and calibrated using asylum statistics. Adjusted logistic regression models were applied to identify predictors of responsiveness related to health status, structural, and socio-demographic variables. Results Of 560 respondents (response rate: 42%), 344 provided data on responsiveness. Combined weighted scores for responsiveness were 75% (CI: 69%-82%), with large variations between domains ranging from 86% (CI: 80%-90%) for cleanliness and 83% (CI: 76%-89%) for respect domains, to 56% (CI: 48%-63%) for choice and 52% (CI: 46%-59%) for timeliness domains. Overall responsiveness was worse for ASR with poor general health (OR 0.35; CI: 0.14-0.84), chronic illnesses (OR: 0.37; CI: 0.17-0.81), symptoms of depression (OR: 0.37; CI: 0.15-0.90) and anxiety (OR: 0.26; 0.10-0.68), and poor quality of life (OR: 0.18; 0.06-0.60). Socio-demographic and structural factors were not significantly associated with responsiveness. Conclusions There is room for improvement, especially regarding choice of provider and timeliness of care for ASR in Germany. Poor health status is a predictor of responsiveness, indicating that ASR most in need of a supportive care environment are being sold short. There is therefore an inequitable distribution of health system responsiveness among ASR. Key messages There is a large variation in scores across responsiveness domains, with choice of provider and timeliness of the health system being rated as particularly poor by ASR. Responsiveness is worse for individuals with poor health status, indicating that those most in need of a supportive care environment are being sold short.

scholarly journals Study profile: the Durban Diabetes Study (DDS): a platform for chronic disease research

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Hird ◽  
E. H. Young ◽  
F. J. Pirie ◽  
J. Riha ◽  
T. M. Esterhuizen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Lifestyle ◽  
Disease Research ◽  
Processing And Storage

The Durban Diabetes Study (DDS) is a population-based cross-sectional survey of an urban black population in the eThekwini Municipality (city of Durban) in South Africa. The survey combines health, lifestyle and socioeconomic questionnaire data with standardised biophysical measurements, biomarkers for non-communicable and infectious diseases, and genetic data. Data collection for the study is currently underway and the target sample size is 10 000 participants. The DDS has an established infrastructure for survey fieldwork, data collection and management, sample processing and storage, managed data sharing and consent for re-approaching participants, which can be utilised for further research studies. As such, the DDS represents a rich platform for investigating the distribution, interrelation and aetiology of chronic diseases and their risk factors, which is critical for developing health care policies for disease management and prevention. For data access enquiries please contact the African Partnership for Chronic Disease Research (APCDR) at [email protected] or the corresponding author.

The Association between Subjective and Clinical Indicators of Health in Prospective Vietnamese Migrants

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
RE Watkins ◽  
AJ Plant ◽  
D. Sang ◽  
TF O'Rourke ◽  
AA Eltom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Medical Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Self Reported Health Status

We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1669 prospective Vietnamese migrants who had applied to migrate to Australia to describe the association between self-reported health status and several commonly used clinical indicators of health among prospective Vietnamese migrants. Participants were recruited from the International Organization for Migration's standardised medical screening program.' We found that clinical indicators of health are related to self-reported health status among prospective Vietnamese migrants. Self-reported health status, which was assessed using a modified version of the Short Form-36 health survey, was significantly associated with clinical indicators of health, including the number of body system abnormalities identified during medical screening, evidence of tuberculosis on chest radiograph, and self-reported weight loss over the previous six months. These findings support the validity of self-reported health status assessment among prospective migrants, although the assessment of subjective indicators of health during compulsory medical screening may be limited by reporting bias. Asia Pac J Public Health 2005: 17(1): 46-50.

scholarly journals Prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of dyspepsia in the general population of Rwanda

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Bosco Bangamwabo ◽  
John David Chetwood ◽  
Vincent Dusabejambo ◽  
Cyprien Ntirenganya ◽  
George Nuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Burden

IntroductionDyspepsia accounts for a significant burden of worldwide disease, but there is a relative paucity of data from the sub-Saharan African setting. We undertook to describe the burden, risk factors and severity of dyspepsia across Rwanda.MethodsWe performed a population-based clustered cross-sectional survey between November 2015 and January 2016, nationwide in Rwanda, using the Short Form Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire to describe the presence and severity of dyspepsia, and the Short Form Nepean Dyspepsia Index to describe the concomitant quality of life effects. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to correlate measured sociodemographic factors with dyspepsia.ResultsThe prevalence of clinically significant dyspepsia in the general Rwandan population was 14.2% (283/2000). The univariate factors that significantly predicted severity were gender, profession, socioeconomic status, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, aspirin and alcohol use, with gender, current smoking, aspirin use both in the past and currently, and alcohol use in the past remaining significant on multivariate modelling. Dyspeptics had a significantly lower gastrointestinal-related quality of life, though the sociodemographic factors measured did not modify the observed quality of life.ConclusionDyspepsia is prevalent in the Rwandan setting and is associated with a significant burden on quality of life. More work is required to determine the pathological entities involved, and the optimal approach to mitigating this burden.

scholarly journals ASAS Health Index performance in real-life Spondyloarthritis patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
M. V. Martire ◽  
P. Girard Bosch ◽  
C. Airoldi ◽  
M. Benegas ◽  
V. Cosentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Health Index ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Asas Criteria ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: the “Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society Health Index” (ASASHI) questionnaire was developed to globally measure function and health status in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). Cut-off points have been proposed to determine different health states that were poorly evaluated in real-life patients. Objectives: to describe the health status measured by ASAS-HI in Argentine patients with axial SpA (AxSpA) and peripheral SpA (SpAp) in daily practice and to evaluate the factors associated with poor health. Materials and methods: cross-sectional, analytical and multicenter study. Patients with SpAax and SpAp were consecutively included according to ASAS criteria, from 15 Argentine centers. Statistical analysis: descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression) were performed to evaluate the factors associated with poor health status (ASAS-HI≥12). To analyze the construct validity of the tool, Spearman correlation was performed between the ASAS-HI and other disease evaluation parameters. Results: 274 patients with SpA were included, with a mean age of 49 (± 14) years and a median duration of the disease of 62 months (p25-75: 24-135), 155 (56.6%) were male, 129 patients (47%) with AxSpA and 145 (52.9%) SpAp. According to the ASAS-HI, 119 patients (43.4%) had good health, 117 (42.7%) had moderate health and 38 (13.9%) had poor health. In patients with SpAp, the mean ASAS-HI value was 7 (p25-75: 3-10). The ASAS-HI positively correlated with: DAS28: rho: 0.5 (p <0.001) and HAQ: rho: 0.54 (p <0.001). The variable independently associated with poor health status was DAS28 (OR: 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.4, p: 0.029). In patients with AxSpA, the mean ASAS-HI value was 6 (p25-75: 2.75-10). The ASAS-HI showed correlation with: BASDAI: rho: 0.7 (p <0.001), ASDAS-ERS: rho: 0.7 (p <0.001), ASQoL: rho: 0.8 (p<0.001), BASFI rho: 0.75 (p <0.001) 0.001). The variable that was independently associated with poor health was the ASDAS-ERS (OR 6.6, 95% CI 2-22, p 0.002). Conclusion: poor health status was independently associated with higher disease activity in patients with AxSpA and SpAp. The ASAS-HI correlated with other parameters of the disease, which reinforces the construct validity of this new tool.

scholarly journals Concordance of patient beliefs and expectations regarding the management of low back pain with guideline recommendations – a cross-sectional study in Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Kiel ◽  
Christina Raus ◽  
Elizabeth Sierocinski ◽  
Peggy Knauthe ◽  
Jean-François Chenot
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Low back pain is a common reason for patients to seek medical care. Physician non-adherence to clinical guidelines has been observed. We investigated the extent to which patient expectations correspond to recommendations of the German national guideline for management of low back pain (G-LBP) and whether patient characteristics, history of LBP and previous treatment experience are associated with expectations. Methods A cross-sectional study including patients from 13 general practices was conducted. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Inverse probability weights were used to address non-response bias. Descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression models were performed. Results A total of 977 patients were included in analyses (median age 57 years, 39% male). 75% of patients reported experiencing LBP currently or within the last year. More than 65% indicated they would agree to forgo further examinations if their LBP was judged by their physician to be of no serious concern. This was associated with the highest level of education and no prior imaging, and negatively associated with good-to-poor health status and moderate-to-severe pain intensity. 40% of participants expected imaging. The highest educational level, female gender and no prior imaging were associated with a decreased expectation of imaging. 70% expected prescriptions for massages. Females, participants with good-to-poor health status, current LBP or LBP in the last 12 months had an increased expectation for massages. Expectations for injection therapy (45%) were mainly associated with previous injections. Expectations for physiotherapy (64%) were associated with female gender, lower educational level, good-to-poor health status, current LBP or in the last 12 months. The perspective that daily activities should be continued (66%) was associated with female gender and higher educational level. Participants who agreed to the statement ‘There is no effective treatment for LBP’ (11%) had a poor health status, current LBP and a severe pain intensity. Conclusion Patient views regarding LBP management are partially concordant with guideline recommendations and are strongly influenced by previous treatment experiences and education level. Exploration of patient expectations and experiences in LBP treatment may help minimize dissatisfaction of patients expecting treatments not endorsed by guidelines and simultaneously increase physician guideline adherence.

scholarly journals Association between Dietary Fiber Intake and Incidence of Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Essential Hypertension

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4159
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
Yang Ju ◽  
Lingling Cui ◽  
Ting Liu ◽  
Yunying Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Measurement Information ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake

(1) Background: Our previous study found that the dietary fiber supplement in patients with hypertension increased SCFA-producers, Bififidobacterium and Spirillum in the gut microbiota, which may be associated with improvement of depression and anxiety through the gut–brain axis. However, only a few studies have explored the association between dietary fiber intake (DFI) and the incidence of depression and anxiety in hypertensive patients. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in one comprehensive hospital and one community clinic aimed at understanding the status of DFI and the association between DFI and incidences of depression and anxiety in hypertensive patients. Levels of DFI were obtained through a two-24 h diet recall. According to the levels of DFI from low to high, the participants were divided into Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 groups. The Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System short form v1.0-Depression 8b and Anxiety 8a were used to assess patients’ levels of depression and anxiety. (3) Results: A total of 459 hypertensive patients were recruited and the daily DFI was 10.4 g. The incidences of hypertension combined with depression and anxiety were 19.6% and 18.5%, respectively. Regression analysis showed statistically significant associations between DFI and depression (B = −0.346, p = 0.001) and anxiety score (B = −0.565, p < 0.001). In logistic regression, after the covariates were adjusted, DFI was associated with the incidence of depression in Q3 (OR 2.641, 95% CI 1.050–6.640) and with that of anxiety in Q1 (OR 2.757, 95% CI 1.035–7.346), compared with Q4. (4) Conclusions: A higher consumption of DF was a protective factor for depression and anxiety in hypertensive patients.

scholarly journals The rural Uganda non-communicable disease (RUNCD) study: prevalence and risk factors of self-reported NCDs from a cross sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trishul Siddharthan ◽  
Robert Kalyesubula ◽  
Brooks Morgan ◽  
Theresa Ermer ◽  
Tracy L. Rabin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Disease Information ◽  
Rural Africa ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Abstract Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are an increasing global concern, with morbidity and mortality largely occurring in low- and middle-income settings. We established the prospective Rural Uganda Non-Communicable Disease (RUNCD) cohort to longitudinally characterize the NCD prevalence, progression, and complications in rural Africa. Methods We conducted a population-based census for NCD research. We systematically enrolled adults in each household among three sub-counties of the larger Nakaseke Health district and collected baseline demographic, health status, and self-reported chronic disease information. We present our data on self-reported chronic disease, as stratified by age, sex, educational attainment, and sub-county. Results A total of 16,694 adults were surveyed with 10,563 (63%) respondents enrolled in the self-reported study. Average age was 37.8 years (SD = 16.5) and 45% (7481) were male. Among self-reported diseases, hypertension (HTN) was most prevalent (6.3%). 1.1% of participants reported a diagnosis of diabetes, 1.1% asthma, 0.7% COPD, and 0.4% kidney disease. 2.4% of the population described more than one NCD. Self-reported HTN was significantly higher in the peri-urban subcounty than in the other two rural sub-counties (p < 0.001); diagnoses for all other diseases did not differ significantly between sub-counties. Odds for self-reported HTN increased significantly with age (OR = 1.87 per 10 years of age, 95% CI 1.78–1.96). Male sex was associated with lower odds of reporting asthma (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.34–0.82) or HTN (OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.26–0.40). Conclusions The RUNCD will establish one of the largest NCD patient cohorts in rural Africa. First analysis highlights the feasibility of systematically enrolling large numbers of adults living in a rural Ugandan district. In addition, our study demonstrates low levels of self-reported NCDs compared to the nation-wide established levels, emphasizing the need to better educate, characterize, and care for the majority of rural communities.

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