Seasonal Activity Patterns of Two Species of Nyctophilus Bats Based on Mist-Net Captures.

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
R.M. Brigham ◽  
F. Geiser
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Activity Cycle ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Daily Torpor ◽  
Bat Activity ◽  
Annual Activity ◽  
A Site ◽  
Mist Net

We evaluated the annual activity cycle of Nytophilus gouldi and N. geoffroyi using 82 nights of mist-netting data from a site near Armidale in northern NSW. Our purpose was to assess whether these bats hibernated or used short bouts of daily torpor combined with foraging on at least some nights. During the cold months of the year (May - August) bat activity levels inferred from net captures was very low providing support for the hypothesis that these bats use daily torpor and at least sometimes actively forage as opposed to entering hibernation.

Concentration of bat activity in riparian habitats over an elevational gradient

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 972-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
S D Grindal ◽  
J L Morissette ◽  
R M Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Relative Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Riparian Areas ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Bat Activity ◽  
Prey Resources ◽  
Riparian Habitats ◽  
Mist Net ◽  
Capture Rates

Riparian areas are generally assumed to represent important foraging areas for insectivorous bats, but this contention has rarely been formally quantified. To test this assumption, we used bat detectors to compare the relative activity levels of a community of temperate-zone bat species between riparian (lake) and upland (cutblock) habitats at three different elevations (ranging from 540 to 1800 m) in a forested area of southern British Columbia. In addition, we also investigated the sex and age class distributions of bats (based on mist-net captures) between riparian and upland habitats among the elevational zones. Bat activity levels were significantly greater in riparian than upland areas (10 and 40 times greater for foraging and commuting activity, respectively). Capture rates were greater in riparian areas and biased towards females, suggesting that female bats may preferentially select riparian areas, probably because of the abundant prey resources typically associated with this habitat. Captures of females also predominated at lower elevations, whereas males were captured more often in higher elevation zones. Our data support the assumption that riparian habitats represent important foraging and probably drinking areas for bats. The sex bias and differences in capture rates and activity levels need to be considered when designing bat surveys in different habitat types or over elevational gradients.

Seasonal activity of snakes in the Atlantic forest in southeastern Brazil

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Eterovic ◽  
Otavio Marques ◽  
Whaldener Endo
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Annual Activity ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Number Of Individuals

AbstractSeasonal abundance of some snake species from the Atlantic forest in southeastern Brazil was inferred from collection data gathered throughout twelve years at the Instituto Butantan in São Paulo, Brazil. The number of collected individuals of Chironius spp., Liophis miliaris, Spilotes pullatus, Tropidodryas spp., Micrurus corallinus, and Bothrops jararaca was significantly higher during the rainy season, whereas the number of Sibynomorphus neuwiedi was higher during the dry season. Erythrolamprus aesculapii, Xenodon neuwiedii, Tomodon dorsatus and Bothrops jararacussu did not show significant differences in the number of individuals collected at each of these seasons. Seasonality in captures may result from seasonal activity patterns. Food availability, tolerance to climatic conditions, reproductive cycle, and phylogenetic constraints are considered the main factors responsible for the observed patterns. A multivariate approach is recommended for analysis of annual activity.

scholarly journals Daily and seasonal activity patterns of free range South-American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 1047-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRO M. TOZETTI ◽  
MARCIO MARTINS
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
South America ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
South American ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Crotalus Durissus

This study aimed at describing daily and seasonal variation in the activity of a population of South-American rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus) in a savanna like habitat (Cerrado) in Southeastern Brazil. Seasonal and daily activities of snakes were evaluated by the number of captures of snakes during road surveys, accidental encounters, and relocations by radio-tracking. Our results show that climatic variables such as air temperature and rainfall have little influence on the activity pattern of rattlesnakes. Our findings indicate that rattlesnakes spend most of the day resting and most of the night in ambush posture. The South-American rattlesnake is active throughout the year with a discrete peak in activity of males during the matting season. The possibility of maintaining activity levels even during the coldest and driest season can facilitate the colonization of several habitats in South America. This possibility currently facilitates the colonization of deforested areas by rattlesnakes.

scholarly journals Observations of daytime activity in the nocturnal northern giant mouse lemur (Mirza zaza)

Behaviour ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Daniel Hending ◽  
Heriniaina Randrianarison ◽  
Sam Cotton ◽  
Marc Holderied ◽  
Grainne McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Activity Cycle ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Mouse Lemur ◽  
Daytime Activity ◽  
Annual Activity ◽  
Long Term Studies

Abstract We provide an anecdote of daytime activity within the northern giant mouse lemur (Mirza zaza), a small threatened primate that has always been considered strictly nocturnal, in the Anabohazo forest of northwestern Madagascar. During the dry season, we witnessed two individual M. zaza travelling separately in the afternoon period of three different days. Our observations indicate that M. zaza may undertake activity that is essential for their survival within both the light and dark periods of a day-cycle, and our findings suggest that the activity cycle of this species may be highly flexible. These observations have important implications to understand the evolution of activity patterns in M. zaza, and these findings warrant future, long term studies to establish the annual activity patterns of M. zaza and to determine whether this species is potentially cathemeral and why.

scholarly journals Annual activity of the lizard Liolaemus occipitalis (Squamata, Liolaemidae) in the coastal sand dunes of southern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clóvis S. Bujes ◽  
Laura Verrastro
Keyword(s):  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Coastal Sand Dunes ◽  
Sand Lizard ◽  
Annual Activity ◽  
Coastal Sand ◽  
Behavioral Mechanisms

The activity pattern of the small sand lizard, Liolaemus occipitalis Boulenger, 1885, was investigated in the coastal sand dunes at Quintão beach (Palmares do Sul, southern, Brazil), between September 1998 and August 1999. The results showed that L. occipitalis is active all along the year, but with variations in its daily and seasonal activity patterns associated to climatic changes in the habitat. Lizard activity pattern was distributed as follows: under the sand, burrowed (73%), under vegetation (14%), dislocation (7%) and basking (6%). Mean habitat temperatures (air and substrate) were significantly different. The results indicate that L. occipitalis is a thigmothermic and heliothermic species that regulates its body temperature through behavioral mechanisms, and that thermoregulation is mainly associated with substrate.

Seasonal partitioning of atympanate moths in relation to bat activity

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayne E. Yack
Keyword(s):  
Selection Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Temporal Isolation ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Bat Activity ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
A Site

Certain families of atympanate (deaf) moths are more abundant during the summer at times when bat activity is low. Atympanate moths were collected at ultraviolet lights throughout the summer at a site in southeastern Ontario. Seasonal frequency distributions for individual families showed different trends when compared with ambient bat activity levels. Most saturniids were collected between mid-May and mid-June, before the time when bats are most active (July and August). Lasiocampids were also collected outside the range of high bat activity, emerging in early May, late June, or late August. Population levels of the sphingids, on the other hand, were similar to bat activity levels. From these data, I suggest that some families of deaf moths face reduced selection pressure by bats through temporal isolation.

How high is high? Using percentile thresholds to identify peak bat activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Adams ◽  
Liam P. McGuire ◽  
Lauren A. Hooton ◽  
M. Brock Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Acoustic Monitoring ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Passive Acoustic Monitoring ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Bat Activity ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Passive Acoustic

Passive acoustic monitoring is a common tool used for monitoring bat activity levels. Identifying periods and locations of peak levels provides insight into bat ecology and has important management implications. One limitation of passive acoustic monitoring is the relative nature of the data, often relying on subjective interpretation of descriptive terminology such as “higher” or “lower”. We propose the use of percentile thresholds (PTs) for objectively identifying peak activity. By compiling a reference data set, it is possible to define percentiles of the observed activity levels and these percentiles can provide objective thresholds for comparing activity levels. We used acoustic recordings from sites in Canada and calculated PTs based on the distribution of the number of calls per hour across all nights and sites for three species of bat. Given species ecologies (e.g., hibernating, migrating), we were able to use PTs to objectively identify peak activity levels on a species-specific basis. Percentile thresholds are also a replicable method of describing within-night activity by evaluating species-specific activity patterns and important times of night. Our analyses and examples represent a proof of concept. The next step is to move towards a standardized distribution to generate PTs. Creating a public repository of acoustic data sets to evaluate activity of a species in the context of its entire range would allow us to standardize terms such as “high” activity in an objective manner.

Summer activity patterns for mosses and lichens in Maritime Antarctica

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burkhard Schroeter ◽  
T.G. Allan Green ◽  
Ana Pintado ◽  
Roman Türk ◽  
Leopoldo G. Sancho
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Consistent Difference ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Snow Melt ◽  
Dry Valleys ◽  
Maritime Antarctica ◽  
Northern Site ◽  
Livingston Island ◽  
The World ◽  
Annual Activity

AbstractWithin Antarctica there are large gradients both in climate and in vegetation which offer opportunities to investigate links between the two. The activity (% total time active) of lichens and bryophytes in hydric and xeric environments was monitored at Livingston Island (62°39'S). This adds a northern site with a maritime, cloudy climate to previous studies in the southern Antarctic Peninsula and the Dry Valleys (78°S). Annual activity increases northwards from less than 1% to nearly 100%. There is a major and consistent difference between hydric sites which, with snow melt, can be 100% active in summer months even in the Dry Valleys, and xeric sites which, depending on precipitation, rarely exceed 80% activity even at Livingston Island. Mosses dominate hydric sites and lichens the xeric sites all along the gradient. Mean temperatures when active are 2–4°C at all sites, as liquid water is required. Light is a potential major stress reaching 880 µmol m-2s-1when active in continental sites. The lack of extremes in temperatures and light combined with high activity levels means that summer at Livingston Island is one of the better sites for lichen and bryophyte growth in the world.

Seasonal Activity of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Southern New York State

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas P Piedmonte ◽  
Vanessa C Vinci ◽  
Thomas J Daniels ◽  
Bryon P Backenson ◽  
Richard C Falco
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
New York State ◽  
The United States ◽  
Haemaphysalis Longicornis ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Short Life ◽  
Human Bite

Abstract The Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann, is a species native to eastern Asia that has recently been discovered in the United States. In its native range, H. longicornis transmits pathogens that cause disease in humans and livestock. It is currently unknown whether H. longicornis will act as a vector in the United States. Understanding its seasonal activity patterns will be important in identifying which times of the year represent greatest potential risk to humans and livestock should this species become a threat to animal or public health. A study site was established in Yonkers, NY near the residence associated with the first reported human bite from H. longicornis in the United States. Ticks were collected once each week from July 2018 to November 2019. Haemaphysalis longicornis larvae were most active from August to November, nymphs from April to July, and adult females from June to September. This pattern of activity suggests that H. longicornis is capable of completing a generation within a single year and matches the patterns observed in its other ranges in the northern hemisphere. The data presented here contribute to a growing database for H. longicornis phenology in the northeastern United States. Potential implications of the short life cycle for the tick’s vectorial capacity are discussed.

scholarly journals Novel approach to modeling high-frequency activity data to assess therapeutic effects of analgesics in chronic pain conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekun Xu ◽  
Eric Laber ◽  
Ana-Maria Staicu ◽  
B. Duncan X. Lascelles
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
High Frequency Activity ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Chronic Pain Conditions

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic condition often associated with pain, affecting approximately fourteen percent of the population, and increasing in prevalence. A globally aging population have made treating OA-associated pain as well as maintaining mobility and activity a public health priority. OA affects all mammals, and the use of spontaneous animal models is one promising approach for improving translational pain research and the development of effective treatment strategies. Accelerometers are a common tool for collecting high-frequency activity data on animals to study the effects of treatment on pain related activity patterns. There has recently been increasing interest in their use to understand treatment effects in human pain conditions. However, activity patterns vary widely across subjects; furthermore, the effects of treatment may manifest in higher or lower activity counts or in subtler ways like changes in the frequency of certain types of activities. We use a zero inflated Poisson hidden semi-Markov model to characterize activity patterns and subsequently derive estimators of the treatment effect in terms of changes in activity levels or frequency of activity type. We demonstrate the application of our model, and its advance over traditional analysis methods, using data from a naturally occurring feline OA-associated pain model.

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