Root biomass, root:shoot ratio and belowground carbon stocks in the open savannahs of Roraima, Brazilian Amazonia

Biomass of roots, the root : shoot ratio (ratio of below- to aboveground biomass) and carbon stocks belowground (to 100-cm depth) were estimated in different open savannah environments in the extreme north of the Brazilian Amazon. Sampling was conducted in permanent plots established in two open savannah areas in the state of Roraima. We identified four phytopedounits in the 27 plots sampled in two areas: four in dry grasslands on Argisol/Ultisol soils (DG-Arg), eight in dry grasslands on Latosol/Oxisol soils (DG-Lts), five in a mosaic of grasslands with savannah-parkland on Latosol/Oxisol soils (GP-Lts) and 10 in seasonally flooded (wet) grasslands on Hydromorphic/Entisol soils (WG-Hyd). Fine roots (<2 mm diameter) dominated the 0–100-cm vertical profile in the four phytopedounits (>92.5%). Biomass of the roots in WG-Hyd (29.52 ± 7.15 Mg ha–1) was significantly higher as compared with the other phytopedounits studied, although the carbon stocks did not differ among the phytopedounits (6.20–7.21 MgC ha–1). The largest concentration of roots was found in the upper three 10-cm sections of the soil profile, ranging from 56.3 to 82.9% in the four environments. The root : shoot ratio based only on living biomass of roots with diameter ≥2 mm (standard Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change methodology) ranged from 0 for seasonally flooded grasslands to 0.07–0.20 for unflooded grasslands on clay soils. The results indicate that the root : shoot ratio (expansion factor) for belowground biomass in open savannah ecosystems in the northern Amazon are low and differ from the default values used in Brazil’s reference report to the Climate Convention.

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Estimating belowground biomass and root/shoot ratio of Phillyrea latifolia L. in the Mediterranean forest landscapes

Annals of Forest Science ◽

10.1007/s13595-015-0486-5 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 72 (5) ◽

pp. 585-593 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Pasquale A. Marziliano ◽

Raffaele Lafortezza ◽

Umberto Medicamento ◽

Leonardo Lorusso ◽

Vicenzo Giannico ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Belowground Biomass ◽

Mediterranean Forest ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Phillyrea Latifolia ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

The Mediterranean

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Contribution of root respiration to soil respiration in a rape (Brassica campestris L.) field in Southwest China

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/425/2013-pse ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 8-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Q. Hao ◽

C. Jiang

Keyword(s):

Soil Respiration ◽

Root Respiration ◽

Southwest China ◽

Brassica Campestris ◽

Microbial Respiration ◽

Belowground Biomass ◽

Closed Chamber ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

Aboveground And Belowground Biomass

This study aimed to separate the respective contributions of root and microbial respiration to soil respiration in a rape field in Southwest China. The soil respiration was measured with a closed chamber technique and a regression method was used to apportion root and microbial respiration. Microbial and root respiration ranged from 70.67 to 183.77 mg CO2/m2/h and 21.99 to 193.09 mg CO2/m2/h, averaged 127.16 and 116.66 mg CO2/m2/h during the rape growing season, respectively. Root respiration coefficient ranged from 0.41 to 5.39 mg C-CO2/g C/h and was negatively correlated with root/shoot ratio, aboveground and belowground biomass, but positively correlated with root N content. The contribution of root respiration to soil respiration averaged 44.2%, ranging from 14.5% to 62.62%.

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Growth and biomass of siberian elm seedlings (Ulmus pumila L.) grown in tree nursery

Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.5564/mjas.v30i2.1489 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 32-37

Author(s):

Gan-Erdene Batsaikhan ◽

Myadagmaa Suren ◽

Batdorj Enkhbayar ◽

Delgerjargal Dugarjav

Keyword(s):

Belowground Biomass ◽

Allometric Equation ◽

Biomass Estimation ◽

Degraded Land ◽

Ulmus Pumila ◽

Tree Nursery ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

High Prediction ◽

Relationship Of

In this paper, we studied growth and biomass of 1-2 years old Siberian elm seedlings grown in the tree nursery, near Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Ulmus pumila L. has a wide natural distribution throughout the country. Due to climate change and other factors, environmental degradation has become inevitable in the country and efforts to restore degraded land are made in different regions. Due to its drought and cold resistance, Siberian elm is considered to be one of the most suitable species of tree to be used for restoration and windbreaks. We measured height, diameter and biomass of 1-2 year old seedlings, and composed allometric equation to estimate aboveground and belowground biomass. Equations have high prediction power (R2=0.80-0.96), however, they are more suitable to seedlings and saplings due to difference in the allometric relationship of trees at different ages. We also explored relationship between diameter (at root collar) and height, which was fairly good (R2=0.73). In order to be able to use the equation to indirectly estimate belowground biomass of seedlings, we estimated Root/shoot ratio of seedlings. Root/shoot ratio was 0.85 for 1-2-year-old seedlings. Belowground biomass estimation can be useful in determining how well the tree can fix soil around it, and draw water and nutrients from the soil. The result of the study can be used for further work concerning the viability of Siberian elm for restoration and windbreaks.

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Erratum to: Estimating belowground biomass and root/shoot ratio of Phillyrea latifolia L. in the Mediterranean forest landscapes

Annals of Forest Science ◽

10.1007/s13595-017-0635-0 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 74 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Pasquale A. Marziliano ◽

Raffaele Lafortezza ◽

Umberto Medicamento ◽

Leonardo Lorusso ◽

Vincenzo Giannico ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Belowground Biomass ◽

Mediterranean Forest ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Phillyrea Latifolia ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

The Mediterranean

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Effects of Single-seed Sowing on Root Growth, Root-shoot Ratio, and Yield inPeanut (Arachis hypogacaL.)

ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1006.2013.02228 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 39 (12) ◽

pp. 2228 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ye FENG ◽

Feng GUO ◽

Bao-Long LI ◽

Jing-Jing MENG ◽

Xin-Guo LI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Growth ◽

Single Seed ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

Seed Sowing

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Root-shoot ratio in irrigated plants

Biologia Plantarum ◽

10.1007/bf02920628 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 129-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Miroslav Penka

Keyword(s):

Shoot Ratio ◽

Root Shoot Ratio

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Warming effects on biomass allocation are jointly regulated by precipitation and mycorrhizal association in terrestrial plants

10.21203/rs.3.rs-892226/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xuhui Zhou ◽

Lingyan Zhou ◽

Yanghui He ◽

Yuling Fu ◽

Zhenggang Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biomass Allocation ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Global Scale ◽

Mean Annual Precipitation ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Terrestrial Plants ◽

Terrestrial Carbon ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

Mycorrhizal Association

Abstract Biomass allocation in plants is fundamental for understanding and predicting terrestrial carbon storage. Recent studies suggest that climate warming can differentially affect root and shoot biomass, and subsequently alter root: shoot ratio. However, warming effects on root: shoot ratio and their underlying drivers at a global scale remain unclear. Using a global synthesis of >300 studies, we here show that warming significantly increases biomass allocation to roots (by 13.1%), and two factors drive this response: mean annual precipitation of the site, and the type of mycorrhizal fungi associated with a plant. Warming-induced allocation to roots is greater in relatively drier habitats compared to shoots (by 15.1%), but lower in wetter sites (by 4.9%), especially for plants associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi compared to ectomycorrhizal fungi. Root-biomass responses to warming predominantly determine the biomass allocation in terrestrial plants suggesting that warming can reinforce the importance of belowground resource uptake. Our study highlights that the wetness or dryness of a site and plants’ mycorrhizal associations strongly regulate terrestrial carbon cycle by altering biomass allocation strategies in a warmer world.

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Initial development and gas exchange of Talisia subalbens (Mart.) Radlk. under different shading conditions

Revista Árvore ◽

10.1590/s0100-67622011000100007 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 61-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fernanda Carlota Nery ◽

Hilton Morbeck de Oliveira ◽

Amauri Alves de Alvarenga ◽

Sara Dousseau ◽

Evaristo Mauro de Castro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Native Species ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Initial Development ◽

Basal Diameter ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Levels

Ecophysiological studies under semi-controlled conditions in nurseries and greenhouses are essential to enable the use of native species to recover degraded areas and for commercial planting. Talisia subalbens (Mart) Radlk, 'cascudo', is a native fruiting species of the Cerrado on the verge of extinction. The ecophysiological performance of this species was evaluated in nursery conditions under different levels of shading (full sunshine, 30%, 50% and 70%). Initial growth, biomass allocation, gas exchange and chlorophyll content of the plants were analyzed. Full sunshine cultivated plants showed a higher accumulation of total, shoot, and root dry biomass. There was no significant difference in the root/shoot ratio among the treatments. Seedlings cultivated under full sunshine and 30% shading showed higher values for height, basal diameter, and leaf area. Differences in stomata conductance and photosynthesis rate were not observed among the different shading levels. Plants cultivated under 70% of shading had higher contents of chlorophyll a, b, and total. During the initial phase with higher levels of radiation were fundamental for the development of T. subalbens seedlings.

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Anatomy and physiology of Cattail as related to different population densities

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582015000100001 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 01-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

F.F. CORRÊA ◽

R.H. MADAIL ◽

S. BARBOSA ◽

M.P. PEREIRA ◽

E.M. CASTRO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

High Density ◽

Root Anatomy ◽

Low Density ◽

Typha Angustifolia ◽

Anatomy And Physiology ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

Apoplastic Barriers ◽

Density Population

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the population density of Typha angustifolia plants in the anatomical and physiological characteristics. Plants were collected from populations of high density (over 50% of colonization capacity) and low density (less than 50% of colonization capacity) and cultivated under controlled greenhouse conditions. Plants from both populations were grown in plastic trays containing 4 L of nutritive solution for 60 days. At the end of this period, the relative growth rate, leaf area ratio, net assimilatory rate, root/shoot ratio, leaf anatomy, root anatomy, and catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities were evaluated. Plants from high density populations showed increased growth rate and root/shoot ratio. Low density populations showed higher values of stomatal index and density in leaves, as well as increased palisade parenchyma thickness. Root epidermis and exodermis thickness as well as the aerenchyma proportion of high density populations were reduced, these plants also showed increased vascular cylinder proportion. Only catalase activity was modified between the high and low density populations, showing increased values in low density populations. Therefore, different Typha angustifolia plants show differences in its anatomy and physiology related to its origins on high and low density conditions. High density population plants shows increased growth capacity related to lower apoplastic barriers in root and this may be related to increased nutrient uptake capacity.

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