Seasonal Variation in Buried Germinable Seed Banks of Grass Species in an Urban Eucalypt Forest Reserve

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Odgers
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Exotic Grass ◽  
Germinable Seed

Grass species in the buried germinable seed banks of selected forest, mown and road-bank sites in the Mt Coot-tha Reserve, south-eastern Queensland were quantified for five consecutive seasons to determine seasonal patterns in the seed banks, and differences in seasonal patterns between native and exotic grass species, and between grasses in natural and disturbed forest areas. Ten types of seed banks were identified. While native and exotic species had similar seed banks most native grass species had transient seed banks whereas most exotic grass species had persistent seed banks.

Seed Banks and Vegetation of Three Contrasting Sites in an Urban Eucalypt Forest Reserve

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
BM Odgers
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Species Density ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
The Road ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Exotic Grass ◽  
Germinable Seed

Grass species, sedges and dicotyledons in the vegetation and the buried germinable seed of a natural subtropical eucalypt forest, a mown and a road bank site were identified in four consecutive seasons and the data pooled to give a more precise assessment of taxa present each year. Differences in the relative proportions of taxa, differences in species density, origin and life history of grass species in the seed bank and vegetation, as well as differences in biomass and rate of germination of buried germinable grass seed, in the three sites were investigated. In all three sites, grasses were the dominant taxa of the ground stratum of the vegetation with each site having its own group of mainly perennial grasses. The seed banks were dominated by grasses in the forest site, sedges in the mown site and dicotyledons in the road bank site. There were significant differences in species density of grasses in both the vegetation and buried germinable seed between sites, with the forest site having a significantly lower species density in its seed bank than the mown and road bank sites, and the vegetation of the forest and mown sites having a lower species density than the road bank site. However, there was a high correlation between the grass species of the vegetation and the buried germinable seed in each of the three sites - the species which dominated the vegetation also dominated the biomass of buried germinable seed in each site. The mown and road bank sites had larger numbers and biomass of buried germinable grass seed than the natural forest site. There were no differences in the number of days to first germination and the number of days to 50% germination of the buried germinable seed between any of the sites. Exotic grass species were present in the seed banks of the forest, mown and road bank sites. Exotics were prevalent in the vegetation of the mown and road bank sites but not evident in the vegetation of the forest site. Exotic species with higher buried germinable seed numbers and similar germination rates to the native species are likely to have a competitive advantage over the native species. It appears that the mown and road bank sites, may act as reservoirs for the more competitive exotic grass species, enabling them to invade the seed banks of the forest areas.

Fire, Buried Germinable Seed Banks and Grass Species Establishment in an Urban Eucalypt Forest Reserve

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
BM Odgers
Keyword(s):  
Seed Banks ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Species Establishment ◽  
Germinable Seed

The buried germinable seed banks of two natural contrasting savanna open-forest sites were investigated before and after a wildfire. It was found that while the number of buried germinable grass and sedge seeds remained the same, the number of buried germinable dicotyledon seeds in both sites increased after the fire. It was also found that there were similar species of grasses present in the buried germinable seed banks before and after the fire. When germinating grass seedlings in the burnt and unburnt sites were compared, similar species of grasses were found in the germinating seedlings at both sites; however, more grass seedlings germinated in the burnt site than in the unburnt site.

scholarly journals Herbicide and Native Grass Seeding Effects on Sulfur Cinquefoil (Potentilla Recta)-Infested Grasslands

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan A. Endress ◽  
Catherine G. Parks ◽  
Bridgett J. Naylor ◽  
Steven R. Radosevich
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Exotic Grass

AbstractSulfur cinquefoil is an exotic, perennial forb that invades a wide range of ecosystems in western North America. It forms dense populations and often threatens native plant species and communities. In this study, we address the following questions: (1) what herbicides, rates, and application times are most effective at reducing sulfur cinquefoil abundance while having the least impact on native plants; and (2) does postherbicide seeding with native grass species increase native plant abundance? In 2002, we experimentally examined the effects of five herbicides (dicamba + 2,4-D; metsulfuron-methyl; triclopyr; glyphosate; and picloram) at two rates of application (low and high), three application times (early summer, fall, and a combined early summer–fall treatment), and two postherbicide seed addition treatments (seeded or not seeded) on sulfur cinquefoil abundance, plant community composition, and species richness. Experimental plots were monitored through 2005. Picloram was the most effective herbicide at reducing sulfur cinquefoil density, the proportion of remaining adult plants, and seed production. The effects of picloram continued to be evident after 3 yr, with 80% reduction of sulfur cinquefoil in 2005. In addition, seeding of native grass seeds alone (no herbicide application) reduced the proportion of sulfur cinquefoil plants that were reproductively active. Despite reductions in sulfur cinquefoil abundance, all treatments remained dominated by exotic species because treated areas transitioned from exotic forb- to exotic grass-dominated communities. However, a one-time herbicide application controlled sulfur cinquefoil for at least 3 yr, and therefore might provide a foundation to begin ecological restoration. Herbicide applications alone likely are to be insufficient for long-term sulfur cinquefoil control without further modification of sites through native grass or forb seeding. Integrating herbicides with native plant seeding to promote the development of plant communities that are resistant to sulfur cinquefoil invasion is a promising management approach to ecological restoration.

Contrasting Diaspore and Vegetation Attributes of Grasses From Natural and Disturbed Habitats in an Urban Eucalypt Forest Reserve

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 637 ◽  
Author(s):  
BM Odgers ◽  
RW Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Grass Species ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Morphological Attributes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Undisturbed Forest ◽  
Mowing Regime ◽  
Disturbed Habitats

Forty one species of grasses from a eucalypt forest reserve near Brisbane, Australia, were allocated to groups characteristic of undisturbed forest, regularly mown areas, and road banks. Morphological attributes of diaspores, height and growth habit of mature plants, species origin, flowering times and life history were determined for each species. Species characteristic of the mown areas had lighter diaspores than the forest gasses and did not possess awns; if a callus was present it was blunt and did not have antrorse hairs. Species from mown areas also differed from the forest species in being mainly short stoloniferous exotics which flowered for longer than the forest species. Species characteristic of the natural forest and road bank areas had diaspores of similar mass, similar diaspores attributes (awns, callus and antrorse hairs) and species of both habitats were mainly tall and tufted. The road bank species differed from the forest species in being mainly of exotic origin and in flowering for up to 9 months per year longer than the forest species. That grass species of mown areas successfully compete with forest species in mown areas may be because of a mowing regime which selects for short, mainly stoloniferous, species which have longer periods of diaspore production than the forest species. As road banks are not subjected to regular mowing, an extended pattern of flowering which ensures a continuous supply of diaspores may account for road bank species successfully competing with forest species in disturbed areas.

Productivity and reponse to nitrogen fertilizer of the native grass Danthonia racemosa (Wallaby Grass).

1976 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
GG Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
New South ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Exotic Grass

On the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales, Danthonia racemosa sown in both a field study and a pot experiment produced as much dry matter as any sown exotic grass species. Dry matter production of D. racemosa was least affected by dry weather conditions in the field while in pots it proved equally as responsive asphalaris tuberosa to nitrogen fertilizer. However, production of D. racemosa during winter was lower than P. tuberosa.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation in lifestyle behavior in Poland: Google searches and market sales analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Kamiński ◽  
Matylda Kręgielska-Narożna ◽  
Paweł Bogdański
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Retail Store ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Lifestyle Behavior ◽  
Healthy Behavior ◽  
Search Volume ◽  
Unhealthy Behavior

Abstract Background Detection of the seasonal patterns of healthy and unhealthy behavior could be helpful for designing individual and population health interventions programs. This study investigates the seasonal variation in sales of common types of products in Poland and Polish Google queries related to healthy behavior. Methods Data of index sales from a large Polish retail store franchise, from January 2014 to August 2019, has been analyzed. The commercial data included twelve types of products. The interest of Google users was investigated using Google Trends statistics for the same period for six lifestyle-related topics. The seasonality was checked using time series analysis. Results Six of the consumer goods (dairy, ready-made meals, salty snacks, meats, beer, and cigarettes) were most commonly purchased in summer months, four (processed fish, food fats, wine, and alcohol 30%+) in December, and two (bread and sweets) in October. The lowest sales indexes were observed mostly in February. The interest in four topics that have been analyzed (“Diet,” “Dietitian,” “Weight loss,” and “Gym”), was highest in January, while interest in “Dietary supplements” was high in February, and “Running” in May. The search volume of the Google topics were the lowest in December. Conclusion The purchase of food, drinks, and cigarettes, and the interest in information regarding different components of a healthy lifestyle has seasonal variation. New Year and Lent might be good periods to encourage healthy behavior. The motivation may decrease in summer and during Christmas.

Seasonal variation in births in rural East Pakistan

1972 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Stoeckel ◽  
A. K. M. Alauddin Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
First Order ◽  
Monthly Temperature ◽  
Monthly Distribution ◽  
Number Of Births

SummaryAn analysis of the monthly distribution of births in two areas of Matlab Thana, East Pakistan, indicates that there is a seasonal variation in births different from what would be expected by chance. The highest proportion of births occur in the last three months of a year and the lowest proportion between May and July. Investigation into some of the environmental and social factors which might contribute to the seasonal pattern revealed the following: mean minimum monthly temperature 9 months before birth was inversely related to the number of births; all occupations had seasonal patterns different from what would be expected by chance and the business and mill-and-office occupations had distributions significantly different from each other; the distribution of births for all pregnancy orders was different from chance and the distribution for first order pregnancies was significantly different from those for third and fourth or higher orders.

Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv. A native grass species for phytoremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil in Assam, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 1335-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabitry Bordoloi ◽  
Budhadev Basumatary ◽  
Rubul Saikia ◽  
Hamendra Chandra Das
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Native Grass

Seasonal patterns of activity in geometrid moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) from a lowland and highland eucalypt forest in Tasmania

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
PB McQuillan ◽  
RJ Taylor ◽  
RN Bereton ◽  
PG Cale
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Eucalypt Forest

The germinable soil seedbank of Eucalyptus victrix grassy woodlands at Roy Hill station, Pilbara district, Western Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Graham ◽  
S. K. Florentine ◽  
J. E. D. Fox ◽  
T. M. Luong
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Hill Station ◽  
Soil Seedbank ◽  
Germinable Seed

The paper reports soil seedbank species composition, of Eucalyptus victrix grassy woodlands, of the upper Fortescue River in the Pilbara District, Western Australia. In this study, our objectives were to investigate germinable soil seedbanks and species composition in response to three simulated seasons, using emergence. Variation in seed density from three depths was tested. Four field sites were sampled. Thirty samples were collected in late spring, after seed rain and before summer rainfall. From each sample spot, three soil depths (surface, 1–5, and 6–10 cm) were segregated from beneath surface areas of 100 cm2. Samples were later incubated in a glasshouse to simulate three different seasonal conditions (autumn, winter and spring). Germinating seedlings were recorded on emergence and grown until identified. Forty-one species germinated, comprising 11 grasses (7 annuals and 4 perennials), 25 annual herbs and 5 perennial herbs. Distribution patterns of germinable seed in both the important annual grass Eragrostis japonica and the perennial Eragrostis setifolia (a preferred cattle fodder species), suggest that seedbank accumulation differs among species and between sites. In part, this may be associated with the absence of grazing. Species with most total germinable seed were E. japonica (Poaceae; 603/m2), and the annual herbs Calotis multicaulis (Asteraceae; 346/m2), and Mimulus gracilis (Scrophulariaceae; 168/m2). Perennial grass seed was sparse. Spring simulation gave most germination (1059), followed by autumn (892) and winter (376) sets. Greatest species diversity was produced from the spring simulation (33 species), followed by autumn (26), and winter (22). Of the total germination, 92% came from 17 species that were represented in all three simulations. Of the 1227 grass seedlings counted, most were recruited from the surface soil (735), followed by the 5 (310) and 10 (182) cm depths. Marginally more grass seedlings germinated from the spring simulation (558) than the autumn set (523). Only 11.9% of grass germinants came from the winter simulation. All grass species recruited from the soil seedbanks had a C4 photosynthetic pathway. Except for Cenchrus ciliaris all grass species are native to Australia. Of the four sites sampled, one fenced to exclude cattle five years earlier had significantly more germination than the three unfenced sites. Seedbank sampling produced several new records for plants in the areas sampled.

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