geneBasis: an iterative approach for unsupervised selection of targeted gene panels from scRNA-seq

AbstractscRNA-seq datasets are increasingly used to identify gene panels that can be probed using alternative technologies, such as spatial transcriptomics, where choosing the best subset of genes is vital. Existing methods are limited by a reliance on pre-existing cell type labels or by difficulties in identifying markers of rare cells. We introduce an iterative approach, geneBasis, for selecting an optimal gene panel, where each newly added gene captures the maximum distance between the true manifold and the manifold constructed using the currently selected gene panel. Our approach outperforms existing strategies and can resolve cell types and subtle cell state differences.

Optimum distance flag codes from spreads via perfect matchings in graphs

In this paper, we study flag codes on the vector space $${{\mathbb {F}}}_q^n$$ F q n , being q a prime power and $${{\mathbb {F}}}_q$$ F q the finite field of q elements. More precisely, we focus on flag codes that attain the maximum possible distance (optimum distance flag codes) and can be obtained from a spread of $${{\mathbb {F}}}_q^n$$ F q n . We characterize the set of admissible type vectors for this family of flag codes and also provide a construction of them based on well-known results about perfect matchings in graphs. This construction attains both the maximum distance for its type vector and the largest possible cardinality for that distance.

Symbol-Pair Distances of Repeated-Root Negacyclic Codes of Length 2s over Galois Rings

Negacyclic codes of length [Formula: see text] over the Galois ring [Formula: see text] are linearly ordered under set-theoretic inclusion, i.e., they are the ideals [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], of the chain ring [Formula: see text]. This structure is used to obtain the symbol-pair distances of all such negacyclic codes. Among others, for the special case when the alphabet is the finite field [Formula: see text] (i.e., [Formula: see text]), the symbol-pair distance distribution of constacyclic codes over [Formula: see text] verifies the Singleton bound for such symbol-pair codes, and provides all maximum distance separable symbol-pair constacyclic codes of length [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text].

Facemask quality measurement using AMG8833 multiarray thermal sensor

Face masks have become a necessary thing that people need to wear daily. Even though some people might already be vaccinated, there is still a chance that the Covid-19 virus could still infect them. Hence, this paper presents a device developed to help determine the quality of face masks crucial in preventing the spread of the virus. These devices can calculate the temperature outside the face mask at a maximum distance of three meters. The way this device works is by measuring the temperature released out of the face mask. Here, the developments of the device with the ability to help determine the quality of face masks are explained and discussed. In the end, the device is perfectly functioning and definitely would assist in verifying the quality of the face masks being worn by someone. Two types of faces are used as test materials: the KN95 type face mask and the 3ply facemask used in Malaysia. Each facemask collected data from 30 minutes to 300 minutes for ten subjects over ten days. Studies that have been conducted show that the thermal value of the KN95 facemask increased to 30.27°C after 5 hours of use. At the same time, the 3ply type facemask offers a thermal value of up to 34.58oC after 5 hours of use. This shows a thermal value difference of up to 4.3PC for both facemasks after 5 hours of use.

Place Selection of Sectionalizing Units in 0.38 kV Power Networks

In the paper there is the developed methodology for selecting the installation places and number of sectionalizing units which allows solving the problem according to the criterion of providing the necessary sensitivity of the protective devices installed on the line input. The obtained expression allows calculating the maximum distance to the installation place of a sectionalizing unit. It also allows determining the need to install a sectionalizing unit in a power line. If a sectionalizing unit is installed to protect an outgoing line, the technique can also be used taking into account the adjustment of the original calculated data. The developed methodology for determining the installation place of a sectionalizing unit can be used for other purposes. For example, it allows selecting the cross section of power lines in terms of the protection sensitivity when designing power lines or when reconstructing them.

Comparison of the internal fit of metal crowns fabricated by traditional casting, computer numerical control milling, and three-dimensional printing

This experimental study aimed to compare the internal fit (marginal fit and internal discrepancy) of metal crowns fabricated by traditional casting and digital methods (computer numerically controlled (CNC) milling and three-dimensional [3D] printing). Thirty standard master abutment models were fabricated using a 3D printing technique with digital software. Metal crowns were fabricated by traditional casting, CNC milling, and 3D printing. The silicon replica method was used to measure the marginal and internal fit. A thin layer of low-viscosity polyvinyl siloxane material was placed inside each crown and on the die (like a seat) until the material was set. Replicas were examined at four reference points under a microscope: the central pit (M1), cusp tip (M2), axial wall (M3), and margin (M4). The measured data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to verify statistical significance, which was set at p < 0.05. In the traditional casting group, the minimum distance measured was at M3 (90.68 ± 14.4 μm) and the maximum distance measured was at M1 (145.12 ± 22 μm). In the milling group, the minimum distance measured was at M3 (71.85 ± 23.69 μm) and the maximum distance measured was at M1 (108.68 ± 10.52 μm). In the 3D printing group, the minimum distance measured was at M3 (100.59 ± 9.26 μm) and the maximum distance measured was at M1 (122.33 ± 7.66 μm). The mean discrepancy for the traditional casting, CNC milling, and 3D printing groups was 120.20, 92.15, and 111.85 μm, respectively, showing significant differences (P < 0.05). All three methods of metal crown fabrication, that is, traditional casting, CNC milling, and 3D printing, had values within the clinically acceptable range. The marginal and internal fit of the crown was far superior in the CNC milling method.

Perception of maximum distance jumpable remains accurate after an intense physical exercise and during recovery

Earlier studies have revealed that changes in action capabilities due to fatigue or wearing a backpack have an effect on the perception of distance in meters or steepness in angles. Although these findings are interesting by themselves, they leave us uninformed about whether the accuracy of affordance perception is affected by fatigue. Are people still capable of accurately perceiving the maximum distance jumpable after an intense physical exercise? In the present experiment, this question is addressed. We found that after maximal exertion in a squatting task, the actual maximum jumping distance significantly decreased, but recovered quickly. Interestingly, on average, the participants accurately perceived their maximum jumping distance both before and after the squatting task. Apparently, the accuracy of the affordance perception remains intact after an intense physical exercise. The implications of this finding are discussed.