Biomass partitioning and rhizosphere responses of maize and faba bean to phosphorus deficiency

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitao Liu ◽  
Philip J. White ◽  
Chunjian Li
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
P Supply

Maize (Zea mays L.) and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) have contrasting responses to low phosphorus (P) supply. The aim of this work was to characterise these responses with respect to the partitioning of biomass between shoot and root and biochemical modification of the rhizosphere. Maize and faba bean were grown in rhizoboxes in soil with a low P (10 mg kg–1) or high P (150 mg kg–1) supply. Solutions were collected from rhizosphere and bulk soil by suction, using micro-rhizons in situ. The pH and water-soluble P (Pi) were determined on the solutions collected by using micro-rhizons. Olsen P, soil pH and acid phosphatase activity were determined on samples of rhizosphere and bulk soil. Organic acids released from root tips were collected non-destructively and analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. Plants grown with low P supply had higher ratios of root : shoot dry weight than plants grown with high P supply. This response was greater in maize than in faba bean. Rhizosphere acidification, organic acid concentrations and acid phosphatase activity were greater in faba bean than maize. The Pi concentration in the maize rhizosphere solution was less than in the bulk soil, but the Pi concentration in the rhizosphere solution of faba bean was greater than in the bulk soil. It was concluded that maize responded to low P supply by investing more biomass in its root system, but acidification, concentrations of organic acids, acid phosphatase activity and mobilisation of P in the rhizosphere were greater in faba bean than in maize.

Effects of drought, aging and phosphorus status on leaf acid phosphatase activity in wheat

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
KD McLachlan
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration

Wheat plants grown at two levels of phosphorus supply were subjected to drought or given adequate water. Acid phosphatase activities in the youngest fully expanded leaves, and inorganic and total phosphorus concentrations in the plant tops were determined at four stages of crop development. Phosphatase activity increased with plant age, with phosphorus deficiency and with drought. Inorganic phosphorus concentration decreased with plant age and phosphorus deficiency. Drought markedly decreased the inorganic phosphorus concentration in phosphorus sufficient plants but had little effect on the concentration in deficient plants. Total phosphorus concentration increased as the plants aged and was greatest where the plants were phosphorus sufficient and adequately watered. Drought markedly reduced the total phosphorus concentration in phosphorus sufficient plants, but had little effect on the total phosphorus concentration in deficient plants. Leaf acid phosphatase activity was related inversely to the inorganic phosphorus concentration in the plant tops. Changes in activity with aging, phosphorus supply and moisture stress were associated with changes in the inorganic phosphorus concentration. An argument is developed which indicates that a single 'critical value' separating sufficient from deficient plants, either for phosphatase activity, inorganic or total phosphorus concentration, is not practicable. Different values will be required for different stages of maturity. Complications introduced by drought and aging, through their effect on phosphorus concentration and enzyme activity, were overcome by developing phosphatase zymograms. Two bands were specifically associated with phosphorus deficient plants irrespective of plant age or moisture stress. The technique offers further opportunity for studies in phosphorus metabolism and shou!d provide a useful means of diagnosing phosphorus deficiency in field groRn plants.

Impact of Aluminum on Phosphate Uptake and Acid Phosphatase Activity in Root Tips ofLotus Japonicus

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1633-1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Zelinová ◽  
Jana Huttová ◽  
Igor Mistrík ◽  
Peter Pal'ove-Balang ◽  
Ladislav Tamás
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Phosphate Uptake ◽  
Root Tips

scholarly journals Effects of precipitation on soil acid phosphatase activity in three successional forests in Southern China

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-183
Author(s):  
W. Huang ◽  
J. Liu ◽  
G. Zhou ◽  
D. Zhang ◽  
Q. Deng
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Successional Stages ◽  
P Supply ◽  
Soil Acid Phosphatase

Abstract. Phosphorus (P) is often a limiting nutrient for plant growth in tropical and subtropical forests. Global climate change has led to alterations in precipitation in the recent years, which inevitably influences P cycling. Soil acid phosphatase plays a vital role in controlling P mineralization, and its activity reflects the capacity of P supply to ecosystems. In order to study the effects of precipitation on soil acid phosphatase activity, an experiment of precipitation treatments (no precipitation, natural precipitation and doubled precipitation) in three forests of early-, mid- and advanced-successional stages in Southern China was carried out. Results showed that driven by seasonality of precipitation, changes in soil acid phosphatase activities coincided with the seasonal climate pattern, with significantly higher values in the wet season than in the dry season. Soil acid phosphatase activities were closely linked to forest successional stages, with enhanced values in the later stages of forest succession. In the dry season, soil acid phosphatase activities in the three forests showed a rising trend with increasing precipitation treatments. In the wet season, no precipitation treatment depressed soil acid phosphatase activity, while doubled precipitation treatment exerted no positive effects on it, and even significantly lowered it in the advanced forest. These indicate the potential transformation rate of organic P might be more dependent on water in the dry season than in the wet season. The negative responses of soil acid phosphatase activity to precipitation suggest that P supply in subtropical ecosystems might be reduced if there was a drought in a whole year or more rainfall in the wet season in the future. NP, no precipitation; Control, natural precipitation; DP, double precipitation.

Erythrophagocytosis in the Liver in Hemolytic Anemias

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 184-185
Author(s):  
O. T. Minick ◽  
E. Orfei ◽  
F. Volini ◽  
G. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Kupffer Cells ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Fragments ◽  
Reticulo Endothelial System ◽  
Important Site

Hemolytic anemias were produced in rats by administering phenylhydrazine or anti-erythrocytic (rooster) serum, the latter having agglutinin and hemolysin titers exceeding 1:1000.Following administration of phenylhydrazine, the erythrocytes undergo oxidative damage and are removed from the circulation by the cells of the reticulo-endothelial system, predominantly by the spleen. With increasing dosage or if animals are splenectomized, the Kupffer cells become an important site of sequestration and are greatly hypertrophied. Whole red cells are the most common type engulfed; they are broken down in digestive vacuoles, as shown by the presence of acid phosphatase activity (Fig. 1). Heinz body material and membranes persist longer than native hemoglobin. With larger doses of phenylhydrazine, erythrocytes undergo intravascular fragmentation, and the particles phagocytized are now mainly red cell fragments of varying sizes (Fig. 2).

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