scholarly journals Effects of precipitation on soil acid phosphatase activity in three successional forests in Southern China

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-183
Author(s):  
W. Huang ◽  
J. Liu ◽  
G. Zhou ◽  
D. Zhang ◽  
Q. Deng
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Successional Stages ◽  
P Supply ◽  
Soil Acid Phosphatase

Abstract. Phosphorus (P) is often a limiting nutrient for plant growth in tropical and subtropical forests. Global climate change has led to alterations in precipitation in the recent years, which inevitably influences P cycling. Soil acid phosphatase plays a vital role in controlling P mineralization, and its activity reflects the capacity of P supply to ecosystems. In order to study the effects of precipitation on soil acid phosphatase activity, an experiment of precipitation treatments (no precipitation, natural precipitation and doubled precipitation) in three forests of early-, mid- and advanced-successional stages in Southern China was carried out. Results showed that driven by seasonality of precipitation, changes in soil acid phosphatase activities coincided with the seasonal climate pattern, with significantly higher values in the wet season than in the dry season. Soil acid phosphatase activities were closely linked to forest successional stages, with enhanced values in the later stages of forest succession. In the dry season, soil acid phosphatase activities in the three forests showed a rising trend with increasing precipitation treatments. In the wet season, no precipitation treatment depressed soil acid phosphatase activity, while doubled precipitation treatment exerted no positive effects on it, and even significantly lowered it in the advanced forest. These indicate the potential transformation rate of organic P might be more dependent on water in the dry season than in the wet season. The negative responses of soil acid phosphatase activity to precipitation suggest that P supply in subtropical ecosystems might be reduced if there was a drought in a whole year or more rainfall in the wet season in the future. NP, no precipitation; Control, natural precipitation; DP, double precipitation.

scholarly journals Effects of precipitation on soil acid phosphatase activity in three successional forests in southern China

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1901-1910 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Huang ◽  
J. Liu ◽  
G. Zhou ◽  
D. Zhang ◽  
Q. Deng
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Successional Forests ◽  
Soil Acid Phosphatase

Abstract. Phosphorus (P) is often a limiting nutrient for plant growth in tropical and subtropical forests. Global climate change has led to alterations in precipitation in the recent years, which inevitably influences P cycling. Soil acid phosphatase plays a vital role in controlling P mineralization, and its activity reflects the capacity of organic P mineralization potential in soils. In order to study the effects of precipitation on soil acid phosphatase activity, an experiment with precipitation treatments (no precipitation, natural precipitation and doubled precipitation) in three successional forests in southern China was carried out. The three forests include Masson pine forest (MPF), coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest (MF) and monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest (MEBF). Results showed that driven by seasonality of precipitation, changes in soil acid phosphatase activities coincided with the seasonal climate pattern, with significantly higher values in the wet season than in the dry season. Soil acid phosphatase activities were closely linked to forest successional stages, with enhanced values in the later stages of forest succession. In the dry season, soil acid phosphatase activities in the three forests showed a rising trend with increasing precipitation treatments. In the wet season, soil acid phosphatase activity was depressed by no precipitation treatment in the three forests. However, doubled precipitation treatment exerted a significantly negative effect on it only in MEBF. These results indicate that the potential transformation rate of organic P might be more dependent on water in the dry season than in the wet season. A decrease in organic P turnover would occur in the three forests if there was a drought in a whole year in the future. More rainfall in the wet season would also be adverse to organic P turnover in MEBF due to its high soil moisture.

Soil enzyme activities following paper sludge addition in a winter cabbage-sweet corn rotation

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gagnon ◽  
R. Lalande ◽  
R. R. Simard ◽  
M. Roy
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Arylsulfatase Activity ◽  
Papermill Sludge ◽  
Soil Acid Phosphatase

Combined primary and secondary papermill sludge (PS) is a good source of C and other nutrients for soils devoted to intensive horticultural production. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of PS, spring-applied alone or in combination with ammonium nitrate (AN), on the enzymatic activity of a Bedford clay (Humic Gleysol) in the province of Québec, Canada. The experiment was started in 1996 with winter cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) and continued in 1997 and 1998 on the same plots with sweet corn (Zea mays L.). The PS was applied at 0 (control), 8, 16, 32 and 65 Mg ha−1 in 1996 and at 44% of these rates in 1997. No sludge was applied in 1998. Additional treatments consisted of AN applied yearly at 100% of the plant N requirements and a PS and AN combination. Soil arylsulfatase and acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were measured at three different times in each growing season. The PS rate linearly increased the soil acid phosphatase activity in all 3 yr. In contrast, the alkaline phosphatase and arylsulfatase activities were enhanced in 1997 by the 8–16 Mg PS ha−1 treatments, whereas larger amounts of PS showed activity comparable to the control. The second PS application promoted phosphatase activities mostly in fall, but did not sustain arylsulfatase activity. The AN gave lower phosphatase activities than PS, and depressed arylsulfatase. Addition of AN to PS increased only acid phosphatase activity as compared with PS alone or the control. This study indicated that addition of PS improved enzyme activity of this horticultural soil but rates in excess to 32 Mg ha−1 may be detrimental. Key words: Papermill sludge, soil enzyme, cabbage, corn

Kinetic Method for Determining Acid Phosphatase Activity in Serum with Use of the "CentrifiChem"

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 841-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane L Fabiny-Byrd ◽  
Gerhard Ertingshausen
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Fast Red ◽  
Presence And Absence

Abstract Acid phosphatase activity is determined by splitting 1-naphthyl phosphate, concurrently diazotizing the released 1-naphthol with Fast Red TR, and measuring the resulting color. The test is performed in the presence and absence of tartrate. Reaction rates can be continuously monitored, and their difference is proportional to acid phosphatase activity that is inhibited by tartrate. Results for sera with normal and increased acid phosphatase activities are presented and three different methods for acid phosphatase are compared. The kinetic blank used in the reaction eliminates all nonenzymatic contributions to substrate splitting.

Biomass partitioning and rhizosphere responses of maize and faba bean to phosphorus deficiency

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitao Liu ◽  
Philip J. White ◽  
Chunjian Li
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
P Supply

Maize (Zea mays L.) and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) have contrasting responses to low phosphorus (P) supply. The aim of this work was to characterise these responses with respect to the partitioning of biomass between shoot and root and biochemical modification of the rhizosphere. Maize and faba bean were grown in rhizoboxes in soil with a low P (10 mg kg–1) or high P (150 mg kg–1) supply. Solutions were collected from rhizosphere and bulk soil by suction, using micro-rhizons in situ. The pH and water-soluble P (Pi) were determined on the solutions collected by using micro-rhizons. Olsen P, soil pH and acid phosphatase activity were determined on samples of rhizosphere and bulk soil. Organic acids released from root tips were collected non-destructively and analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. Plants grown with low P supply had higher ratios of root : shoot dry weight than plants grown with high P supply. This response was greater in maize than in faba bean. Rhizosphere acidification, organic acid concentrations and acid phosphatase activity were greater in faba bean than maize. The Pi concentration in the maize rhizosphere solution was less than in the bulk soil, but the Pi concentration in the rhizosphere solution of faba bean was greater than in the bulk soil. It was concluded that maize responded to low P supply by investing more biomass in its root system, but acidification, concentrations of organic acids, acid phosphatase activity and mobilisation of P in the rhizosphere were greater in faba bean than in maize.

Phytase and acid phosphatase activities in extracts from roots of temperate pasture grass and legume seedlings

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie E. Hayes ◽  
Alan E. Richardson ◽  
Richard J. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Phytase Activity ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Phosphatase Activities

Phytase and acid phosphatase activities were measured in extracts from roots of 14- to 22- day old seedlings of a range of temperate pasture species that were grown aseptically in sand culture. Phytase activity from roots of phosphorus- (P-)-deficient Trifolium subterraneum L. was characterised. Activity was enhanced by 40% when extracts were passed through Sephadex G-25, and increased by a further 20–30% with the addition of either 1 mМ EDTA or 5 mМ cysteine to assay solutions. The optimum temperature for phytase activity was 50°C and the optimum pH was 5.3. When compared with phosphatase activity measured in the roots of T. subterraneum, phytase activity exhibited narrower pH and temperature optima, and was also more strongly inhibited by Co2+, Zn2+ and AsO42− ions. Significantly, for the five pasture species examined, phytase activity was less than 5% of the total acid phosphatase activity in extracts of plant roots. Measured phytase activity ranged between 0.13 and 1.7 nkat g–1 root fresh wt and was enhanced under P-deficient relative to P-sufficient growth conditions in all of the pasture species with the exception of Trifolium repens L., for which the Km constant for activity was 50% lower in P-deficient plants. When expressed on a root fresh wt basis, increases in phytase activity of ~1.25-fold were observed for extracts from T. subterraneum and Medicago polymorpha L., and of up to 3.3-fold for Danthonia richardsonii A.B. Cashmore and Phalaris aquatica L. Increases in acid phosphatase activity with P deficiency were less evident. Between 3.1% and 4.3% only of the total phytase activity measured in root extracts was eluted from intact roots into 0.1 М NaCl.

scholarly journals Human prostatic acid phosphatase has phosphotyrosyl protein phosphatase activity

1986 ◽  
Vol 235 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
M F Lin ◽  
G M Clinton
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Prostatic Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Peptide Sequence ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Nitrophenyl Phosphate

The major secreted isoenzyme of human prostatic acid phosphatase (PAcP) (EC 3.1.3.2), which catalyses p-nitrophenyl phosphate (PNPP) hydrolysis at acid pH values, was found to have phosphotyrosyl protein phosphatase activity since it dephosphorylated three different phosphotyrosine-containing protein substrates. Several lines of evidence are presented to show that the phosphotyrosyl phosphatase and PAcP are the same enzyme. A highly purified PAcP enzyme preparation which contains a single N-terminal peptide sequence was used to test for the phosphotyrosyl phosphatase activity. Both activities comigrated during gel filtration by high performance liquid chromatography. Phosphotyrosyl phosphatase activity and PNPP acid phosphatase activity exhibited similar sensitivities to different effectors. Both phosphatase activities showed the same thermal stability. Specific anti-PAcP antibody reacted to the same extent with both phosphatase activities. PNPP acid phosphatase activity was competitively inhibited by the phosphotyrosyl phosphatase substrate. To characterize further the phosphotyrosyl phosphatase activity, the Km values using different phosphoprotein substrates were determined. The apparent Km values for phosphorylated angiotensin II, anti-pp60src immunoglobulin G and casein were in the nM range for phosphotyrosine residues, which was about 50-fold lower than the Km for phosphoserine residues in casein.

Inorganic phosphate accumulation and phosphatase activity in the nucleus of maize embryo root cells

1981 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
R. Deltour ◽  
S. Fransolet ◽  
R. Loppes
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Root Tissues

The nucleus of growing root cells Zea mays contains a high concentration of inorganic phosphate. In order to verify whether this high nuclear Pi concentration is correlated with the metabolic activity of the nucleus, the Pi has been visualized in root cells of maize embryos at the electron-microscope level during 2 different periods which are both characterized by a spectacular reactivation of the nuclear metabolism, i.e. the early germination and the period of recovery following a thermal treatment given to the seeds after 48 h of germination. In both situations the Pi concentration increased in the nucleus during its reactivation. To verify whether the high nuclear Pi concentration could be of endogenous origin, the phosphatase activities were measured in crude extracts of root tissues during nuclear reactivation. The specific activity was optimal at pH 4.5 and was shown to increase with cellular reactivation. The ultrastructural localization of acid phosphatase activity showed that Pi may be produced at 3 distinct sites: plasmalemma, vacuoles and most probably nucleus itself. High acid phosphatase activities were found in nuclei displaying a high metabolism. Taking these results and previous data into account, we suggest that a correlation may exist between the rate of nuclear transcription, the level of nuclear acid phosphatase activity and the nuclear Pi accumulation.

Erythrophagocytosis in the Liver in Hemolytic Anemias

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 184-185
Author(s):  
O. T. Minick ◽  
E. Orfei ◽  
F. Volini ◽  
G. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Kupffer Cells ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Fragments ◽  
Reticulo Endothelial System ◽  
Important Site

Hemolytic anemias were produced in rats by administering phenylhydrazine or anti-erythrocytic (rooster) serum, the latter having agglutinin and hemolysin titers exceeding 1:1000.Following administration of phenylhydrazine, the erythrocytes undergo oxidative damage and are removed from the circulation by the cells of the reticulo-endothelial system, predominantly by the spleen. With increasing dosage or if animals are splenectomized, the Kupffer cells become an important site of sequestration and are greatly hypertrophied. Whole red cells are the most common type engulfed; they are broken down in digestive vacuoles, as shown by the presence of acid phosphatase activity (Fig. 1). Heinz body material and membranes persist longer than native hemoglobin. With larger doses of phenylhydrazine, erythrocytes undergo intravascular fragmentation, and the particles phagocytized are now mainly red cell fragments of varying sizes (Fig. 2).

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