The effect of krilium soil conditioner on the yield of wheat

1964 ◽  
Vol 4 (15) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
TC Stoneman
Keyword(s):  
Field Trial ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Water Stability ◽  
Soil Conditioner ◽  
Barrel Medic

A field trial investigated the effect of improved soil structure on wheat yield. Krilium, a synthetic polyelectrolyte soil conditioner, was used to improve structure. The water stability of the soil aggregates was significantly increased on the plots treated with the conditioner. The conditioner treated plots also had significantly higher yields and 1000-grain weights than the untreated plots. The effect of the soil conditioner persisted into the year after cropping, when the plots were sown to Barrel Medic (Medicago tribuloides Desr.). The Barrel Medic establishment was significantly greater on the conditioner treated plots.

LES EFFETS DE LA MISE EN CULTURE ET DE LA PRAIRIE PROLONGEE SUR LE CARBONE, L'AZOTE ET LA STRUCTURE DE QUELQUES SOLS DU QUEBEC

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. A. MARTEL ◽  
J. M. DESCHENES
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Water Stability ◽  
Virgin Soil ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Water Stable Aggregates

The effects of cultivation (cultivated vs. non-cultivated soils) and the age of cultivated meadows (from 5 to 25 yr) on the evolution of carbon, nitrogen and soil structure were studied on some Quebec soils. The soil series used were Beaurivage, Charlevoix, Greensboro and Kamouraska which are important agricultural soils for Eastern Quebec. The air- and water-stability of soil aggregates were used to characterize the soil structure. As a result of cultivation, the Kamouraska soil lost 33% of the carbon and 8% of the nitrogen originally present in the virgin soil, while the decrease in the water-stable aggregates was 84%. Charlevoix and Greensboro soils showed losses varying from 30 to 35% for carbon and from 21 to 31% for nitrogen while the water-stable aggregates decreased by 50%. Under continuous meadow for 25 yr, the Kamouraska soil showed an increase of up to 36% for carbon and 64% for nitrogen whereas the Beaurivage soil did not show much variation. Such a cultural practice improved the soil structure mainly in the Kamouraska soil, as a result of the increase not only in carbon content but likely in the root biomass with time.

scholarly journals The Soil Structure Changes under Varying Compost Dosage

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslava Novotná ◽  
Barbora Badalíková
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Water Stability ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
Poultry Droppings ◽  
Enclosed Space

Abstract The influence of different application of grape marc compost on the soil structure and the water stability of soil aggregate were studied in the course of four-year experiment. The trial was carried out in a Velké Bílovice vineyard in the Czech Republic. The altitude of the locality is about 200 m above sea level, the long-term average annual precipitation is 550 mm, the long-term average annual temperature is 9.5°C. The soil is Haplic Chernozem, loamy textured. Three variants were established: Variant 1 - control, no compost, Variant 2-30 t of compost per ha, Variant 3-60 t of compost per ha. The compost from pomace, poultry droppings, mown grass and straw was made in an EWA aerobic fermentor in an intensive and controlled process in an enclosed space and shallow ploughed (0-0.15 m) into the soil every year after harvest. The results of the experiment were statistically processed by multifactorial analysis of variance and then by Tukey’s test of simple contrasts. The highest values of structural coefficient and water stability of soil aggregate were found in the variant with the highest dosage of compost. It was found that the application of grape pomace compost to the soil had a positive effect both on the soil structure and the water stability of soil aggregates.

scholarly journals Modified Humic Substances as Soil Conditioners: Laboratory and Field Trials

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Kulikova ◽  
Alexander B. Volikov ◽  
Olga I. Filippova ◽  
Vladimir A. Kholodov ◽  
Nadezhda V. Yaroslavtseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soil Conditioner ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Substrate Induced Respiration ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Survival Of Seedlings

The paper is devoted to the development and performance testing of a soil conditioner based on leonardite humic substances (LHS) modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The modified HS were obtained by adding APTES to LHS solution at different mass ratios of LHS and APTES, followed by the investigation of siloxane structures using 31Si NMR spectroscopy. The Urbic Technosol was used as a model soil. The size and amount of water-stable soil aggregates were estimated using wet sieving and laser diffraction, respectively. Toxicity was evaluated by monitoring microbial substrate-induced respiration (SIR) and seedling bioassay. Laboratory column experiments demonstrated an increase in water-stability of the 3–5 mm soil aggregates after LHS-APTES application. Field tests showed an increase in the average weighted diameter of micro aggregates (from 59 to 73 μm) and water-stable macroaggregates (from 1.6 to 2.9 mm) due to the LHS-APTES amendment. A substantial increase in SIR from 5 to 9 mg CO2 (kg h)−1 was detected. Better survival of seedlings was observed. The obtained beneficial results indicate that APTES-modified HS can be successfully used as a soil conditioner. The formation of extended siloxane networks was suggested as the main mechanism of the observed improvement in the structure of the amended soils.

scholarly journals A Novel Shortwave Infrared Proximal Sensing Approach to Quantify the Water Stability of Soil Aggregates

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1358-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Gholoubi ◽  
Hojat Emami ◽  
Scott B. Jones ◽  
Markus Tuller
Keyword(s):  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Water Stability ◽  
Proximal Sensing ◽  
Shortwave Infrared

Water Stability of Soil Aggregates in a 50-Year-Old Soil Formation Experiment on Calcareous Glacial Till

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-631
Author(s):  
M. Are ◽  
K. Kauer ◽  
T. Kaart ◽  
A. Selge ◽  
A. Astover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Glacial Till ◽  
Water Stability ◽  
Formation Experiment

Estimating yield losses in wheat resulting from infestation by doublegee (Emex australis)

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (70) ◽  
pp. 656 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Gilbey
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Emex Australis ◽  
Percentage Yield

The effect of doublegee (Emex australis) density on wheat yield was studied in a field trial. Percentage yield reduction (y) was related to doublegee plants m-2 at 1 week (x1) and 8 weeks (x2) after seeding thus: y = 10.3 + 0.24 x1 r = 0.78*** y = 5.6 + 0.44 x2 r = 0.86*** showing that estimates of doublegee density could be used for forecasting crop yield losses before it is too late to spray. No further yield loss occurred when x1 was greater than 120 plants metre-2. Doublegee seedling mortality that occurred during the seven weeks between plant counts was strongly related to the initial counts (x1) thus: r = 0.88***.

Plant growth promotion of wheat inoculated with Penicillium radicum sp. nov.

Soil Research ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Whitelaw ◽  
T. J. Harden ◽  
G. L. Bender
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Phosphate Uptake ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Negative Interaction ◽  
Phosphate Solubilisation

A phosphate-solubilising isolate of Penicillium radicum (sp. nov.) was used to inoculate wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Dollarbird) in a glasshouse experiment and a field trial, using low pH soils at 5 levels of phosphate application. When data for all phosphate application levels were combined, inoculation by P. radicum resulted in 14% increases in wheat yield in the field trial and increases in both phosphate uptake (10%) and yield (9%) in the glasshouse. In the glasshouse, the response to inoculation was higher at the nil phosphate application level (17%) than for the combined phosphate application levels (9%). This negative interaction indicates that growth promotion could be partially due to soil phosphate solubilisation by the fungus, with a greater response for soils with lower available P. However, other plant-growth promotion mechanisms may also be involved.

Comparison of alternative farming systems. III. Soil aggregate stability

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Jordahl ◽  
D.L. Karlen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Water Stability ◽  
Alternative Farming ◽  
Alternative Practices

AbstractQuantitative studies are needed to separate the real and supposed benefits of alternative farming practices. Our objective was to learn how conventional and alternative practices on adjacent farms in central Iowa affected the water stability of soil aggregates. We collected samples of Clarion loam (fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludoll) from adjacent 16 ha fields in fall 1990 and spring 1991. Aggregate stability was determined by wet-sieving and by measuring turbidity of soil-water suspensions. The combined effects of alternative practices resulted in greater water stability of soil aggregates, higher soil organic matter content, and lower bulk density compared with conventional practices. The components of the alternative system that were mainly responsible for these differences were: rotations that included oat and hay crops; ridge-tillage; and additions of 45 Mg/ha of a mixture of animal manure and municipal sludge during the first 3 years of each 5 year rotation. The more favorable soil physical conditions, shown by increased water stability of soil aggregates, presumably will improve soil water regimes and reduce long-term soil erosion losses from the alternatively managed fields.

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